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词组 must(have to)
释义
must : have to — 588
1a. 前者这个情态动词和后者这个复合助动词几乎是同义,都作“必须”或“就该”讲,但一般说来,用于疑问和条件两种结构,两者可以通用;否则不能通用,而且意境色彩也不一样(参见词目 589 和 590 )。
例如:
I must do what you tell me to ( do ).我就照你所说的去办。(是出于自愿)
I am afraid you'll have to do this way ; it is a rule here. 恐怕你必须这样搞,这是这里的规矩。(是出于不得已)
What time have you to be there? 什么时候你一定在那边?
( = What time must you be there? )
If you want to go abroad tor further study, you have to workhard. 你要是想出国深造,就该好好用功。(=…, you must work hard )
比较:
Passengers must cross the line by the bridge. 旅客们必须从天桥上通过。(似乎是车站的布告)
Well, we have to cross the line by the bridge. 好吧,我们只好从天桥上通过了。(仿佛说,除此以外,别无它法。)
You   must not do that again. 下次不许你再干了。(= You are not allowed to do that again. )
You have not to do that again. 下次你不用再干了。( =You need not to do that again. )
1b. 由于前者没有过去式,在讲过去的事情时,往往得用 had to 来代替,但是用于间接引语,仍需使用前者,不用 had to 。
例如:
When I was your age I had to get up at five every morning. 我像你这样的年龄,每天早晨 5 点钟就起床了。
I told him this morning ( that ) he must make a decision. 我今天早晨已对他说了,叫他必须作出决定。
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更新时间:2025/4/16 10:35:55