| 词组 | do |
| 释义 | do Do is one of the most common verbs in English. Its other forms are does, doing, did, done. It can be used as an auxiliary or a main verb. ◊ used as an auxiliary For general information on the use of do as an auxiliary, see entry at ↑ For information on do as an auxiliary in questions, see entries at ↑ For information on do as an auxiliary in negative clauses, see entries at ↑ Do has two other special uses as an auxiliary: ◊ used for emphasis You can use it to emphasize a statement. The forms do, does, and did can all be used in this way. I do feel sorry for Roger. A little knowledge does seem to be a dangerous thing. He did bring home a regular salary. You can use do in front of an imperative when you are urging someone to do something or accept something. Do help yourself. Do have a chocolate biscuit. ◊ used to focus on an action You can also use do as an auxiliary to focus on an action performed by someone or something. When you use do like this, you put what at the beginning of the sentence, followed by a noun or noun group and the auxiliary do. After do, you put is or was and an infinitive with or without 'to'. For example, instead of saying 'Carolyn opened a bookshop', you can say 'What Carolyn did was to open a bookshop' or 'What Carolyn did was open a bookshop'. What Stephen did was to interview a lot of old people. What it does is draw out all the vitamins from the body. You can use all instead of 'what' if you want to emphasize that just one thing is done and nothing else. All he did was shake hands and wish me luck. All she ever does is make jam. ◊ used as a main verb Do is used as a main verb to say that someone performs an action, activity, or task. We did quite a lot of work yesterday. I did all the usual things to raise money. Every decade there is a census which is done in detail. Do is often used with '-ing' nouns referring to jobs connected with the home, and with nouns referring generally to work. He does all the shopping and I do the washing. Have you done your homework yet? The man who did the job had ten years' training. He has to get up early and do a hard day's work. In conversation, do is often used instead of more specific verbs. For example, if you do your teeth, you brush your teeth. If you do the flowers, you arrange some flowers. Do I need to do my hair? She had done her breakfast dishes. ◊ WARNING You do not normally use do when you are talking about creating or constructing something. Instead you use make. I like making cakes. Sheila makes all her own clothes. An electric blender makes soups, purees and puddings in a few seconds. Chimpanzees not only use tools but make them. See entry at ↑ ◊ 'do your best' If you do your best, you try as hard as you can to achieve something. I'm sorry. I did my best. After do your best you can use a 'to'-infinitive. We do our best to make sure it's up-to-date information. Everyone did their best to save the cattle. Note that you do not say that someone 'makes their best'. ◊ repeating 'do' In questions and negative clauses, you often use do twice. You use it first as an auxiliary to form the question or negative verb group, and then repeat it as the main verb. The main verb is always in the infinitive form without 'to'. What did she do all day when she wasn't working? If this exercise hurts your back do not do it. ◊ 'do about' You use 'about' after do in questions and negative clauses when you are talking about ways of dealing with a problem. What do you do about children's education? I'll see what I can do about this. Really there is nothing we can do about it. Note that you do not use any preposition except 'about' in clauses like these. |
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