| 词组 | have |
| 释义 | have Have is one of the most common verbs in English. It is used in many different ways. Its other forms are has, having, had. ◊ used as an auxiliary Have is often used as an auxiliary. They have just bought a new car. She has never been to Rome. Having been warned beforehand, I knew how to react. See entries at ↑ 'Have', 'has', and 'had' are not usually pronounced in full when they come after a pronoun or noun. When you write down what someone says, you usually represent 'have', 'has', and 'had' as 've, 's, and 'd after a pronoun. You can also represent 'has' as 's after a noun. I've changed my mind. She's become a very interesting young woman. I do wish you'd met Guy. Ralph's told you often enough. See entry at ↑ ◊ 'have to' Have to is often used to say that someone must do something. I have to speak to your father. He had to sit down because he felt dizzy. See entry at ↑ ◊ actions and activities Have is often used in front of a noun group to say that someone performs an action or takes part in an activity. Did you have a look at the shop when you were there? I'm going to have a bath. See entry at ↑ ◊ causing something to be done Have can also be used to say that someone arranges for something to be done. When have is used like this, it is followed by a noun group and a past participle. We've just had the house decorated. Will the shop you're buying the machine from have it installed for you? You can also use have to say that someone causes another person to do something or to be in a particular state. When have is used like this, it is followed by a noun group and either an '-ing' form or a past participle. Alan had me looking for that book all day. He had me utterly confused. ◊ possession Have is often used to indicate possession. He had a small hotel. What is the point in having a mink coat? In spoken English, have got is usually used instead of 'have' to indicate possession. She's got two sisters. Have you got any brochures on Holland, please? See entry at ↑ ◊ WARNING You do not usually use a continuous tense of have. You either use a simple tense or you use have got. Note especially that you do not use a continuous tense in any of the following ways: You do not use a continuous tense when you are talking about ownership. For example, you do not say 'I am having a collection of old coins'. You say 'I have a collection of old coins' or 'I've got a collection of old coins'. Similarly, you do not use a continuous tense when you are talking about relationships. You do not say 'I am having three sisters' or 'I am having a lot of friends'. We haven't got a car. They have one daughter. I've got loads of friends. You do not use a continuous tense to say that someone or something has a particular feature. For example, you do not say 'He is having a beard'. He has nice eyes. He had beautiful manners. ...machines which have dangerous moving parts. The door's got a lock on it. You do not use a continuous tense to say that someone has an illness or disease. For example, you do not say 'She is having a bad cold'. He had a headache. Sam's got measles. You do not use a continuous tense to say how much time someone has in which to do something. For example, you do not say 'He is having plenty of time to get to the airport'. I haven't got time to go to the library. He had only a short time to live. I hope I'll have time to finish it. ◊ using a continuous tense Here are some ways in which you do use a continuous tense of have: You use a continuous tense to say that an activity is taking place. For example, you say 'He is having a bath at the moment'. You do not say 'He has a bath at the moment'. The children are having a party. I was having a chat with an old friend. You use a continuous tense to say that an activity will take place at a particular time in the future. For example, you can say 'I'm having lunch with Barbara tomorrow'. We're having a party tonight. She's having a baby next month. You also use a continuous tense to talk about continuous or repeated actions, events, or experiences. For example, you can say 'I am having driving lessons'. I'm having an affair with Bernard. I was already having problems. Neither of us was having any luck. You're having a very busy time. |
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