1. U C 人种，种族　 any of the main group into which human beings can be divided according to their physical type
2. C （速度）比赛，赛跑；竞争　 a competition in speed; competition

　advocate the ～　提倡竞争
　avoid the ～　避免竞争
　begin a ～　开始竞赛
　carry on ～　进行竞赛
　compete in a ～　参加赛跑
　curb the ～　抑制竞争
　defy the ～　蔑视竞争，向竞争挑战
　drive a ～　推动竞赛
　encounter the ～　遭遇竞争
　enter a ～　参加竞赛
　face the ～　面临竞争
　fix up a ～　安排比赛
　get into the ～ with　与…竞赛
　go to the ～　去看赛跑
　have a ～　进行一场比赛
　hold a ～　举行一场比赛
　intensify the ～　加强竞争
　lead in the ～　跑在前头，领先
　lose a ～　输掉比赛
　meet the ～　迎向竞争
　offer the ～　提出竞争
　organize a ～　组织比赛
　promote the ～　促进竞争
　provide the ～　提供竞赛
　renew the ～　重新比赛
　row a ～　参加划船比赛
　run a ～　推动比赛
　scratch a ～　退出比赛
　sharpen the ～　使竞争激化
　stage a ～　举行比赛
　stand in the ～ with sb　与某人竞争
　stop a ～　停止比赛
　survive the ～　在竞争中生存
　undercut the ～　削价竞争
　undersell the ～　削价竞争
　win a ～　比赛获胜
　black ～　黑种人
　human ～　人类
　master ～　优秀民族
　white ～　白种人
　yellow ～　黄种人
　the Argan ～　雅利安人种
　the Caucasian ～　高加索人种
　the Hebrew ～　希伯来人种
　bitter ～　激烈的竞争
　close ～　不相上下的比赛
　congressional ～　国会竞选
　even ～　势均力敌的比赛
　fair ～　公平的竞争
　fierce ～　激烈的竞争
　formidable ～　激烈的竞争
　free ～　自由竞争
　friendly ～　友谊赛
　great ～　大规模的竞争
　healthy ～　正当的竞争
　hotly-contested ～　竞争激烈的比赛
　international ～　国际竞争
　keen ～　激烈的竞争
　obstacle ～　越障碍物比赛
　open ～　公开赛
　political ～　政治竞争
　ruinous ～　两败俱伤的比赛
　severe ～　激烈的竞争
　sharp ～　激烈的竞争
　spirited ～　激烈的竞争
　stiff ～　激烈的竞争
　straight ～　全力以赴的竞赛
　strong ～　激烈的竞争
　unfair ～　不公正的竞争
　unfettered ～　自由竞争
　unscrupulous ～　肆无忌惮的竞争
　acceleration ～　汽车短程加速赛
　arms ～　军备竞赛
　automobile ～　汽车赛
　boat ～　划船比赛
　car ～　汽车赛
　dog ～　赛狗
　foot～　赛跑
　horse ～　赛马
　motor ～　汽车赛
　motorcycle ～　摩托车赛
　rat ～　激烈的竞争
　relay ～　接力赛
　space ～　空间竞争
　governor's ～　州长竞选
　～ horse　赛马
　train sb for a ～　训练某人赛跑
　～ against　和…比赛
　～ against time　争取时间
　～ between　…之间的竞赛
　～ between two schools　校际比赛
　～ for president　总统竞选
　～ of life　人生的历程
　～ on foot　竞走比赛

　The various races are not sharply separated.　各种族都不能截然分开。
　Race was a matter of importance to him.　对于他来说，血统是很重要的。
　The students sat in at the administrative building to protest against discrimination of race.　学生们在办公大楼静坐，抗议种族歧视。
　The human race is hammering at an economic problem.　全人类都在钻研一个经济学问题。
　The human race and animals could have been getting along well together.　人类与动物应可和睦相处。
　Which race does the plant fall under? 　这种植物应归到哪一属?
　Three fast runners entered the race, but Jim beat them all hollow.　三名短跑运动员参加比赛，而吉姆把他们统统击败。
　He is determined to stick out the race even if he finishes last.　他下定决心即使跑最后一名，也要坚持跑完。
　Bill burned himself out in the first part of the race and could not finish.　比尔在比赛的第一赛程就耗尽了力气，结果无法跑完全程。
　The crowd cheered the runners on as they started on the last lap of the race.　当运动员开始跑最后一圈时，观众为他们加油。
　Six students from No. 14 Middle School entered for the race.　十四中的6个学生报名参加了赛跑。
　Fifty competitors have entered for the spring long-distance race.　已经有50名选手报名参加春季长跑。
　We attempted a race.　我们试图进行一次比赛。
　Have they announced when the race will begin?　他们宣布比赛什么时候开始了吗?
　He gambled all his winning on the last race.　他把所有赢得的钱都押在最后一场比赛上。
　Jim bore off most of the prizes at the races.　吉姆获得了比赛的大部分奖项。
　Jim carried off most of the prizes at the races.　吉姆夺得了比赛中的大部分奖牌。
　It's been billed as the race of the year.　海报上宣传这是本年度的大赛。
　We thought the horse would win, but he fell behind halfway through the race.　我们曾认为这匹马会取胜，可是他在比赛中途落后了。
　Eight boats entered for the race.　有8艘船报名参加划船比赛。
　They gambled on the result of a race.　他们为比赛的结果打赌。
　His race is nearly run.　他的气数将尽。
　He entered the mayoral race.　他参加了市长竞选。
　We will have a race for monitor tomorrow.　明天我们将竞选班长。
　The race for president has finished.　总统竞选已经结束。

 ♣ a race against time　
　和时间赛跑　desperate effort to do or finish sth before a certain time
　It was a race against time to seize the bridges and overwhelm the garrison.　为了夺取桥梁，击溃守敌，必须分秒必争。
 ♣ in the race　
1. 在比赛中 in the competition
　Suddenly the leading car in the race burst into sight.　突然，比赛中的那辆领先的车出现了。
　The athlete quickly went ahead in the race.　那位运动员很快就在比赛中跑在了前面。
　He always gets behind in the race.　赛跑时他总是落在后面。
　The horse fell behind in the race.　那匹马在比赛中落后了。
　His defeat in the last cross-country race depressed him.　他在上一次越野赛中的失败使他感到沮丧。
　Japan is galloping ahead in the race to develop new technology.　日本在发展新技术的竞争中进展迅速，日新月异。
2. 有希望的 having hope
　I think he is in the race for getting that post.　我认为他有可能得到那个职位。
　We are in the race for the final victory.　我们对最后的胜利抱有希望。
　The police are in the race that they will soon find the killer.　警方很可能找到凶手。
 ♣ out of race　
　无希望的　hopeless
　He was disappointed so often that he became out of race.　他屡次失望，以致变为了绝望。
 ♣ race with　
　同…比赛　competing in speed
　He rode race with me.　他与我进行过骑马〔自行车〕比赛。
　He ran a race with me.　他与我赛跑。
　They are running a race with the other school.　他们和另一学校进行比赛。
 ♣ win the race　
　在赛跑中取胜　win in run
　Ade was winning the race until the thin boy edged him out.　赛跑中艾德就要取胜了，可是那位瘦瘦的小伙子却超过了他。
　If I can only keep ahead for a few more yards, I can win this race.　我只要能再领先几码，就能在这场赛跑中取胜。
　If you want to win the race, you'll have to go all out.　如果你想在赛跑中获胜，必须全力以赴。
　If only our horse can get ahead of the leading runner, it can win the race!　只要我们的马超过领先的赛手，它便能赢得胜利了！
　When he won the race his supporters chaired him round the field.　在比赛中获胜后，他的支持者抬着他绕场一周。

 ♣ race, nation, people, state, tribe
　这组词都可表示“民族”。其区别在于：
1. race作“种族”解时，侧重人种学含义，往往包括几个民族和国家，这些民族的人民有某一相同的的自然特点（如肤色）。
2. nation指有共同的历史，使用同一种语言，居住在同一个大的地区，侧重于人民。例如：
　The story is about the Indian nations in the western United States.　这个故事是关于美国西部印第安民族的。
3. tribe指有共同的语言与风俗习惯，尤其是以古老生活方式生活的“部落”。例如：
　Schools will help to civilize the wild tribes there.　学校将有助于使那儿的野蛮部落文明化。
4. state指国家或者邦〔州〕，侧重政权。例如：
　In our country, the people are protected by the state.　在我国，人民受国家的保护。
　That country is now an independent state.　那个国家现在是个独立的国家。
　They believed that the state was "above class distinctions".　他们认为国家是“超乎阶级区分之上”的。
5. people指有共同文化、共同利益或理想的一群人，强调文化和社会的统一，而不是国家和民族的统一。例如：
　They will discuss giving further help to the oppressed peoples.　他们将讨论给予被压迫民族更多援助。
 ♣ race, competition, contest, emulation
　这组词的共同意思是“竞赛，竞争”。其区别在于：
1. race可用在大选中的竞争。
2. competition指在某项目或某次比赛中与对手所进行的“较量与竞争”，也可指“竞争的对手”。例如：
　Competition between business firms keeps prices down.　商业公司之间的竞争使价格下降。
　At the Olympic Games our representatives were in competition with the best swimmers from all parts of the world.　我们的代表队在奥运会上与世界各地的最佳游泳选手角逐。
3. emulation意为“竞赛”，多指抽象的竞争，指在相互仿效的情况下，形成赶超局面，以努力取胜的竞争。例如：
　The workers in this factory work hard in emulation of the workers in other factories.　这工厂的工人努力工作以赶超其他厂的工人。
　The young man worked hard in emulation of his famous father.　这位年轻人努力工作，要迎头赶上他出名的父亲。
4. contest多用于有评判委员会的“比赛”。例如：
　The newspaper is now running an enormous scenario contest.　这家报纸正在举办大型电影剧本创作竞赛。
　He won the contest for the deputy leadership.　他在副手竞争中获胜。

1. vt. & vi.和…比速度；（使）参加比赛　 compete in a race (against); (cause an animal or vehicle to) run a race
2. vt. & vi.（使）快速移动　 (cause to) move or go very fast; rush

　～ car　赛车
　～ the engine　快速转动引擎
　～ horse　赛马
　～ pigeons　放鸽竞飞
　～ time　与时间赛跑
　～ awkwardly　笨拙地移动
　～ courageously　勇敢地参加比赛
　～ feverishly　热情地参加比赛
　～ gloriously　辉煌地参加比赛
　～ greedily　渴望参加比赛
　～ lawlessly　无法无天地参加比赛
　～ spectacularly　壮观地参加比赛
　～ tirelessly　孜孜不倦地参加比赛
　～ about　四处走动
　～ by　跑过去
　～ up　向上跑，急剧上升
　～ against time　与时间赛跑
　～ along　沿…疾驶而过
　～ for　为…参加比赛
　～ for a prize　为得奖参加比赛
　～ for president　竞选总统
　～ to　与…比赛，跑步去
　～ with　和…赛跑

　He's a very good swimmer and often races.　他是优秀的游泳选手，经常参加比赛。
　The children raced towards me.　孩子们飞快地向我跑来。
　He jumped into his car and raced back home.　他跳上他的汽车，急速开回家。
　Ships raced along on the river.　船只在河上疾驶而过。
　Several days raced by.　一晃几天过去了。
　The motor engine raced before it was shut off.　汽车发动机关闭之前快速空转。
　Let's race to see what is happening.　咱们跑去看看发生了什么事情。
　My horse has hurt his toe so I can't race him.　我的马伤了脚趾，我不能把它投入比赛。
　Some medieval towns raced donkeys or buffaloes.　有些中世纪的城市用驴子或水牛竞赛。
　I'll race you home.　我和你比赛看谁先到家。
　He raced his car across the desert.　他开车驶过那片荒凉的沙漠。
　Don't race the engine while it's cold.　马达冷却时不要快速空转它。

 ♣ race against　(v.+prep.)
1. 与…赛跑 try to move faster than usually sb
　I'll race against you to get home first.　我要和你比赛谁先到家。
　He is a famous runner, and has raced against some of the best people in the world.　他是一位著名的赛跑家，曾同世界上一些最强的选手比赛过。
　The farmers were racing against the rainy season, trying to gather in the summer crops.　农民们正赶在雨季到来之前抢收夏熟作物。
　He raced his bicycle against a motorcar.　他骑自行车与汽车比赛速度。
2. 争抢时间；不得不迅速地行事 have to do sth quickly; be forced to hurry
　I don't like racing against time; I would rather do my work carefully and well.　我愿意仔细干工作并把它干好，我不愿匆忙行事。
　We are racing against time to build up our country.　我们正在争分夺秒地建设我们的国家。
　Doctors raced against the clock to save his life.　医生们争分夺秒地抢救他的生命。
　If you got up earlier you wouldn't spend half the morning racing against the clock.　如果你起得早一点，你就不会半个上午忙个不停了。
 ♣ race through　(v.+prep.)
　（使）匆忙地阅过　(cause to) hurry to complete sth
　Don't race through the list like that, read each name carefully.　不要那样匆忙地念名单，要仔细地念出每个名字。
　The government raced the new law through all its stages so as to complete it before the election.　为了使新法律在选举前完成，政府匆忙地使其通过了各个程序。
 ♣ race to　(v.+prep.)
1. 跑到 arrive at quickly
　She raced to the door.　她快跑到门口。
2. 快速地把…送到… deliver sb/sth to sth/sb
　He raced me to the station in his car.　他用他的轿车全速把我送到车站。
　We raced the sick woman to hospital.　我们迅速将那位生病的妇女送往医院。
　He raced the manuscript to the printers.　他很快地把手稿送交给印刷工人。
 ♣ race up　(v.+adv.)
　迅速上升　rise very quickly; hurry to the top
　The cost of living had been racing up in the past year.　去年生活费用一直急剧上涨。
　We had just settled into autumn when the temperature raced up to summer conditions again.　刚入秋，气温又急剧回升到夏天的水平。
 ♣ race with　(v.+prep.)
　同…比赛　compete in speed; move at full speed against sb
　He raced with that runner for a prize.　他和那个选手赛跑争夺奖品。

 ♣ race against, race with
　这两个短语都有“同…赛跑”的意思，接人时两者可互换，用against更强调对抗性，用with则指参加一般的比赛。另外，“与时间赛跑”只能说race against time〔the clock〕。
 ♣ race, gallop, run
　这组词的意思都是“跑”。其区别是：race指与他人比较走得快慢，强调速度上的比赛；gallop多指马全速奔跑，也可指人飞快地跑；run指以一定的速度跑。例如：
　I'll race you to the end of the road.　我和你比赛，看谁先跑到这路的尽头。
　Don't bother galloping after the bus, you'll never catch it.　别费劲去追赶那辆公共汽车了，你怎么也赶不上的。
　I used to run when I was in middle school.　我在中学的时候常常跑步。

　［同义词］ n. nation, state, tribe, chase, competition, contention, contest, pursuit v. compete, contest, dart, dash, fly, gallop, run, rush, tear
　［词源］　意大利语razza（人种）