1. C 名字，名称　 word or words by which a person, an animal, a place or a thing is known and spoken to or of
2. S 名声，名誉　 reputation; fame
3. C 著名的人物，名人　 famous person

　adopt the ～ of　采用…名字
　bear a ～　写〔印〕有名字
　call sb's ～　叫某人名字，辱骂
　change one's ～　改名字
　enroll sb's ～　登记某人的名字
　enter one's ～ in　把名字登记在…
　fill in one's ～　填上名字
　have one's ～　有自己的名字
　keep one's ～ on the books　保留学籍，保留会籍
　leave one's ～　留下姓名
　mention sb's ～　提到某人的名字
　obtain a ～　得名
　print one's ～　盖章
　put one's ～ down for　申请成为…候选人
　recall sb's ～　想起某人的名字
　register one's ～　登记名字
　sign the ～　签名
　take sb's ～ in vain　滥用某人的名字
　take the ～ from　其名称取自…
　use a ～　使用名字
　blacken the ～　玷污名声
　bring one's ～ into disrepute　使某人声名狼藉
　clear one's ～　洗刷自己的污名，恢复名誉
　deserve the ～　应该得到这种声誉
　drag sb's ～ through the mire　把某人搞臭
　gain a ～　获得名声
　have a ～ for　以…著称
　have a ～ for bravery　以勇敢著称
　have one's ～ up in lights　成名，扬名
　hurt sb's ～　损害某人的名誉
　make a ～ for　使某人出名
　make a ～ for oneself in golf　以打高尔夫球出名
　make one's ～ with one's Beijing opera　以唱京剧而著名
　recover one's good ～　恢复名誉
　stain sb's ～ with slander　诽谤某人以败坏其名声
　added ～　别号
　another ～　另外一个名字
　assumed ～　化名，假名
　common ～　普通的名称
　dirty ～　下流的名称
　English ～　英文名
　false ～　假名
　fancy ～　古怪的名字
　first ～　教名，西方人名的第一个词/cn>
　full ～　全名
　geographic ～　地名
　given ～　教名，西方人名的第一个词/cn>
　great ～　名人
　legal ～　依法登记的姓名〔公司名，团体的称号〕
　maiden ～　妇女未婚前的姓，娘家的姓
　married ～　妇女婚后的姓
　middle ～　中间名
　official ～　正式称呼
　professional ～　专业上的名称
　real ～　真实姓名
　similar ～s　相似的名称
　wonderful ～　好听的名字
　bad ～　坏名声
　big ～　名声响亮
　fair ～　清白的名誉
　good ～　好名声
　ill ～　坏名声

名词+～

　brand ～　商标名
　business ～　商业用名
　code ～　（情报人员、工程或任务的）代号
　family ～　姓
　pen ～　笔名
　stage ～　艺名
　street ～　街名
　trade ～　商标名

～+名词

　～ board　名牌
　～ plate　名牌

介词+～

　by ～　叫做
　in ～　名义上的
　in father's ～　以父亲的名义
　in the ～ of　以…的名义
　in the ～ of freedom　以自由的名义
　in the ～ of justice　以正义的名义
　in the ～ of the law　以法律的名义
　in the ～ of wonder　究竟，到底
　list of ～s　名单
　of no ～　无名的
　to sb's ～　属于某人的名下
　under a ～　（自）称…
　without a ～　无名的

～+介词

　～ for　对…的称呼
　～ in a register　登记簿上的名字
　～ of one's family　家庭名声
　～ of this place　这地方的名称

　They don't know the name of the animal.　他们不知道这种动物的名称。
　We naturally associate the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.　我们自然而然地把达尔文的名字与进化论联系在一起。
　I read her name on the polished brass plate.　我在擦亮的黄铜门牌上看到了她的名字。
　We carved their names on the stones so that future generations would know what they had done.　我们把他们的名字刻在石头上，为的是让后人知道他们的作为。
　The lovers carved their names on the tree.　恋人们把他们的名字刻在这棵树上。
　She checked over the names on the list to ensure that everything was correct.　她仔细核对名单上的名字确保准确无误。
　In a solemn voice, the councillor announced the names of the winners to the crowd.　参议员庄严地向群众公布获胜者的名单。
　The policeman demanded his name and address.　警察要求他说出姓名和住址。
　He checked their names off as they boarded the plane.　在他们登上飞机时，他登记上了他们的姓名。
　He has a good name in the business. You can trust him.　他在这一行名声好，可以信赖。
　The school has a name for good science.　这学校以优良的理科教学而出名。
　He carved out a name for himself in the engineering business.　在土木工程业方面，他孜孜以求为自己赢得了声誉。
　The father has a good name, but the son has an ill one.　父亲名声不错，但儿子名声不好。
　Its poor service gave the restaurant a bad name.　餐馆缺乏效率的服务使它名声很差。
　He kept books by all the great names and authorities.　他保存了历代名人的著作。
　All the big names in the pop music world were at the party.　流行音乐界的头面人物都参加了聚会。

 ♣ answer to one's name〔the name of〕
　听到叫自己的名字就答应，名叫…　have the name of
　Answering to his name, he stood up immediately.　听到叫自己的名字，他马上站了起来。
　The dog answers to the name of Big Black.　这狗听见叫“大黑”就会来。
　The new girl answers to the name of Mary.　这个新来的姑娘叫玛丽。
 ♣ call sb names
　骂某人　abuse or insult sb
　They lost their tempers easily and called one another names.　他们动不动就发火互相辱骂。
　They taunted and insulted him; they called him vile names.　他们嘲讽侮辱他，用恶毒的语言骂他。
 ♣ drag sb/sb's name through the mire〔mud〕
　使某人蒙羞、丢脸　bring disgrace to sb by behaving every badly
　Your behaviour is causing our name to be dragged through the mud.　你的所作所为已经损坏了我们的名誉。
　I don't want my son's good name dragged through the mire.　我不想使我儿子的好名声被搞臭。
 ♣ drop names
　滥用显要人物以提高自身身价　mention famous or powerful people one is supposed to know, so as to impress others
　The book is unpretentious, it can present names without dropping them, and the tone is contagiously warm.　这本书写得朴实无华，它提了几个名字，但又没有滥用来抬高自己，书的语气热情洋溢。
 ♣ enter one's name〔put one's name〕 down for
　报名上（学、课等）　apply to enter (a school, college, course, etc.)
　I want to enter my name down for the high jump.　我想报名参加跳高比赛。
　He put his name down for the society.　他报名参加这个社团。
 ♣ give one's name to
　以自己的名字命名某项发明创造　invent or originate sth which then becomes known by one's own name
　He gave his name to a well-known brand of frozen food.　他以自己的名字命名的冷冻食品成了名牌。
 ♣ in name only
　表面上，名义上　not in reality
　He is a leader in name only, his deputy has effectively taken over.　他不过是个名义上的领导，他的副手实际上已取而代之。
　He is a leader in name only.　他是一个有名无实的领导。
 ♣ in (the) name of〔in sb's name〕
1. 代表某人〔物〕 on behalf of sb/sth
　I greet you in name of the President.　我代表总统前来迎接你。
2. 凭借某事物的权威 by the authority of sth
　I arrest you in name of the law.　我依法逮捕你。
3. 以某人〔物〕为证 calling sb/sth to witness
　In God's name, what are you doing?　苍天在上，你究竟在干什么?
4. 为某物的缘故 for the sake of sth
　They did it all in the name of friendship.　他们完全是出于友谊而那样做的。
 ♣ lend one's name to
　以自己的名义支持或帮助　allow oneself to be associated with sth
　I'm sorry I ever lent my name to your mad plan.　我用我自己的名义支持过你那狂妄的计划，感到很遗憾。
　All sorts of illustrious and influential persons lent their names to our national culture.　各种有名望有影响的人大声疾呼扶持我们的民族文化。
 ♣ make a name for oneself
　〈非正〉使自己出名　 earn oneself a reputation
　He has made a name for himself by his broadcast talks.　他的广播讲话使他出了名。
 ♣ name names
　指名道姓，公开点名　point out sb's name in public
　The witness in the bribery investigation refused to name names.　在贿赂案的调查中，证人不肯指名道姓。
 ♣ put a name to
　知道或记住某人〔某事物〕的名称　know or remember what sb/sth is called
　I've heard that tune before but I can't put a name to it.　我以前听过那曲调，但说不出那名称了。
 ♣ sb's name is mud
　名誉扫地，不讨人喜欢　sb is disliked or (often temporarily) unpopular because of sth he has done
　Ever since he made such trouble at our party last Christmas his name has been mud around here.　自从去年圣诞节他在我们的晚会上惹下乱子以来，他在这周围已名誉扫地。
　You know how important it is to go to the wedding. Your name will be mud if you don't!　你也知道参加这个婚礼很重要，要是你不去，你是不会讨人喜欢的。
 ♣ take sb's name in vain
　滥用名字，上帝之名　use a name, especially God's, disrespectfully
　Who's been taking my name in vain?I don't hold such an opinion.　谁在滥用我的名义?我不赞成这个建议。
 ♣ the name of the game
　一项活动的主要目的或最重要的方面　the main purpose or most important aspect of an activity
　Hard work is the name of the game if you want to succeed in business.　要想生意兴隆，关键就是苦干。
　In fishing, patience is the name of the game.　钓鱼关键要有耐心。
 ♣ under the name of
　用…作名字　using sth as a name instead of one's real name
　He writes under the name of Nimrod.　他用尼姆罗德这个名字写作。

 ♣ name, title
　这两个词均可作“名”解。其区别是：name一般只用于人、动物或地方，表示一种名称；title指书本歌曲戏剧等的名字，或指人的头衔，表示他的职位、职业、阶级、荣誉等。例如：
　The title of painting is "A Winter Evening".　这幅画的名称是“一个冬天的傍晚”。
　Captain, doctor, professor are titles.　船长、医生、教授都是头衔。

　我的名字叫约翰。
　［误］ My name is called John.
　［正］ I am John.
　［正］ My name is John.
　［正］ I am called John.
　［析］ 第一句不符合英语习惯。

1. vt.给…取名　 give a name to
2. vt.说出…的名字，提…的名字；列举　 say what the name of (sb/sth) is
3. vt.决定；任命；提名　 nominate for; appoint to a position

　～ a child John　给小孩取名为约翰
　～ sb's name　点某人的名
　～ ambitiously　有抱负地决定
　～ appropriately　恰当地命名
　～ fictitiously　虚构地取名
　～ generally　一般地取名
　～ heroically　英雄地命名
　～ humbly　谦虚地命名
　～ offensively　讨厌地命名
　～ originally　最初地命名
　～ sb after　以…的名字为…取名
　～ as　提名…为…，任命…
　～ as chairman　任命为主席
　～ sb as manager　任命某人为经理
　～ as the winner　指名为获胜者
　～ sb for　以…的名字为…取名
　～ for the directorship　任命为厂长
　～ to chairmanship　任命为主席

　Have you named the new baby yet?　你给新婴儿取名了吗?
　Can you name these trees?　你能叫出这些树的名字吗?
　You can name your own price.　你可以提出你自己的价格。
　Before she could name that person she was shot dead.　那个人的名字还没来得及说出口，她就被一枪打死了。
　Can you name the chief rivers of China?　你能列举出中国的主要河流吗?
　He named some of the measures that had been taken.　他列举了一些已经采取的措施。
　Her father named her Kitty.　她父亲给她取名基蒂。
　He named one of us his representative at the meeting.　他指定我们中的一个人作为他出席会议的代表。
　The teacher named John as monitor.　老师提名约翰当班长。
　The President named him to be Secretary of State.　总统任命他为国务卿。
　The manager named her for the secretary.　经理任命她为秘书。
　He was named a model worker.　他被授予劳动模范的称号。
　It was named the best documentary of the year.　它被选为这一年最优秀的文献纪录片。
　Mr. Smith has been named as the directorship.　史密斯先生已经被提名担任董事长职务。
　Although Jim had come first, his competitor was named as the winner, as Jim started before he should have done.　虽然吉姆跑了第一，但他的对手却被提名为冠军，这是因为吉姆起跑时抢先了。
　The president named him to head the delegation.　总统指定他率领代表团。

 ♣ name after〔for〕　(v.+prep.)
　以…的名字起名　give the same name of sb as
　The child was named after her famous aunt.　这孩子是以其著名的姑妈名来命名的。
　The machine is named after its inventor.　这台机器是以其发明者的名字命名的。
　The Hudson River is named for the English explorer Henry Hudson.　哈得孙河是以英国探险家亨利·哈得孙的名字命名的。

 ♣ name, appoint, designate, elect, nominate
　参见designate条。
 ♣ name, call
　参见call条。
 ♣ 下面三句意思上有差别：
　

　［派生词］ surname n.姓，姓氏
　［同义词］ n. appellation, cognomen, designation, reputation v. call, term; mention, specify
　［词源］　古英语nama <拉丁语nomen <希腊语noma <法语namen （名字，命名，叫出…的名字）