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词组 pardon
释义 pardon
pardonv. [′pɑːdn] (pardons; pardoned; pardoning)
双解释义
 vt. 宽恕,原谅 forgive or excuse sb for sth
基本要点
1. pardon的基本意思是“宽恕”“原谅”,指用某种法定方式免除已供认或已确认的犯罪、严重过失、严重冒犯等本应受到的惩罚,也可用来指原谅不恰当的行为或态度等小的过错。
2. pardon是及物动词,后可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语,也可接双宾语。用作pardon宾语的动名词前常带有物主代词或人称代词宾格表示其逻辑主体。可用于被动结构。
3. pardon sb for v-ing的意思是“原谅某人做某事”。
词汇搭配
~+名词
 ~ sb's crime 赦免某人的罪
 ~ sb's impatience 原谅某人的不耐心
 ~ sb's rudeness 原谅某人的无礼
 ~ the prisoner 赦免囚犯
~+副词
 ~ benignly 亲切地原谅
 ~ freely 自由地原谅
 ~ indulgently 纵容地原谅
 ~ leniently 宽大地原谅
 ~ magnanimously 宽宏大量地原谅
 ~ unconditionally 无条件地原谅
~+介词
 ~ sb for sth 原谅某人做某事
句型例句
用作及物动词
▲ S+~+n./pron.
 The governor pardoned the thief. 总督赦免了那个盗贼。
 They will pardon a few of these prisoners. 他们准备赦免其中一些罪犯。
 The governor was asked to pardon the condemned criminal. 州长被请求赦免那个被判罪的罪犯。
 Your aunt will not pardon you. 你姑妈饶不了你。
 Grandmother pardons us when we are mischievous. 祖母宽恕我们淘气。
 She asked him to pardon her rudeness. 她请求他原谅她的无礼。
 He pardoned her impatience, for she had a train to catch. 他原谅了她的性急,因为她必须赶火车。
◇ 用于be ~ed结构
 You could never expect to be pardoned. 你休想得到宽恕。
 Unjustly convicted of murder, he was pardoned after fresh evidence had come to light. 他虽被误判为杀人犯,但新的证据获得后,他就得到了赦免。
 The convict was pardoned after serving five years of his sentence. 那个囚犯在服刑五年后被赦免。
▲ S+~+sb's/sb v-ing
 Pardon my asking, but isn't that my hat you're wearing? 对不起,冒昧地问一下,您戴的是不是我的帽子?
 He will not pardon your intruding. 他不会原谅你打扰他。
 Pardon my contradicting you. 原谅我反驳你。
用作双宾动词
▲ S+~+pron./n.+n./pron.
 We must pardon him his little faults. 我们得宽恕他的小毛病。
◇ 用于be ~ed结构
 The prisoner has been pardoned three years of his sentence. 犯人得到了减刑三年的宽大处理。
常用短语
 ♣ pardon for (v.+prep.)
 就…原谅(某人) forgive sb for sth
▲ pardon sb for sth/v-ing
 I hope you will pardon me for that slip. 我希望您原谅我那个失误。
 Pardon me for interrupting. 对不起打断一下。
 I hope you will pardon me for breaking school rules. 我犯了校规,希望你能原谅我。
 Please pardon me for not arriving sooner. 请原谅我没能早一点到达。
词语辨异
 ♣ I beg your pardon, I'm sorry, excuse me
 参见sorry条。
 ♣ 下面三个句子的意思相同:
 
Pardon me for contradicting you.
Pardon my contradicting you.
Pardon me contradicting you.
请原谅我触犯了你。

 ♣ 下面两个句子的意思不同:
 
He pardoned my frankness.
他原谅了我的坦率。
He pardoned me for frankness.
由于我的坦率,他原谅了我。

正误解析
1. 抱歉,我迟到了。
 [误] Pardon me to be late.
 [正] Pardon me for being late.
 [析] “原谅某人做某事”不用含动词不定式的复合宾语,而须用pardon sb for v-ing的结构。
2. 对不起,我可以用你的钢笔吗?
 [误] Pardon me, may I use your pen?
 [正] Excuse me, may I use your pen?
 我问老师是否能打断他几分钟。
 [误] I asked the teacher if I could be pardoned for a few minutes.
 [正] I asked the teacher if I could be excused for a few minutes.
 [析] Pardon me通常用于做错了事向某人道歉,谈话中向某人提出异议前或没听清对方的话,希望其再重复一遍;而Excuse me通常用于问路、借东西、要走开、插话或表异议等场合,是客套语。
3. 对不起,我把你的眼镜打破了。
 [误] Pardon me, for I have broken your glasses.
 [正] Pardon me for breaking your glasses.
 [析] 表示“原谅某人做某事”,应该用pardon sb for v-ing这一短语,而不能用由for引导的(原因)状语从句。
学习参考
 对于"pardon sb v-ing”结构的句法分析,各家认识不同。《朗文当代高级英语词典》(商务版1998)认为属于"obj.+v-ing”,《牛津高级英汉双解词典(第四版)》(商务版1997)认为v-ing前省略了介词for; 《薄冰英语语法》(开明1998)认为sb和v-ing都是直接宾语。
pardonn. [′pɑːdn] (pardons)
双解释义
1. U 饶恕,原谅  forgiveness
2. C 赦免  cancellation of a punishment incurred for a crime
基本要点
1. pardon的基本意思是“宽恕”,指做错事而请求别人的原谅;也可指某人因服刑期间表现较好或无辜等原因而被释放。
2. I beg your pardon.适用于下列情况:当没听懂别人的话或希望重复时,此时用升调;要表明因自己与对方有不同的见解,可能引起对方不快时,此时用降调;做错了事向对方道歉时,打断别人的话,或者想引起别人的注意时。美国英语中还用于同陌生人说话之前。
词汇搭配
动词+~
 accept ~ 接受原谅
 ask for ~ 请求赦免
 ask sb's ~ 请某人原谅,请求某人宽恕
 beg for ~ 请求得到宽恕
 beg sb's ~ 请某人原谅
 expect ~ 希望原谅
 obtain ~ 得到宽恕
 seek ~ 寻求宽恕
形容词+~
 free ~ 大赦,特赦
 full ~ 彻底宽恕,全面赦免
 general ~ 大赦
 long-sought ~ 寻求已久的谅解
~+介词
 ~ for …的宽恕
 ~ for offenders 赦免罪犯
 ~ of offenders 赦免罪犯
 ~ to offenders 赦免罪犯
句型例句
 At last, he obtained his father's pardon. 他终于得到了父亲的原谅。
 I did wrong and I am going to beg their pardon. 我做错了,我要请求他们原谅。
 If I have offended you, I ask your pardon. 如有冒犯之处,请多多原谅。
 The thief asked for pardon. 小偷请求宽恕。
 I beg your pardon, but I think in fact it starts tomorrow, not today. 对不起,但是我想实际上是明天开始,不是今天。
 I beg your pardon, if I have offended you. 如果我冒犯了你,请您原谅。
 I beg your pardon. Can you direct me to the railway station? 劳驾,您能告诉我火车站在哪儿吗?
 I beg your pardon. Sergeant, I wonder if you'd do me a favour? 对不起,警官,你能不能帮我一个忙?
词语辨异
 ♣ 下面三个句子的意思相同,均读升调。
 
Pardon.
Beg pardon.
I beg your pardon.
对不起,请再说一遍

补充资料
 [同义词] v. acquit, condone, excuse, forgive, free, liberate, release, remit
 [反义词] v. condemn, discipline, fine, punish
 [词源] 古法语pardoner(完全同意,宽容)
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更新时间:2024/12/29 21:28:39