词组 | must |
释义 | 1.must 没有过去式,但也往往指过去的事,下面几点该注意: (1)说过去的事通常不用 must 而用 had to...(不定式),如不说 Yesterday morning I must call on a friend,该把 must 改作 had to。 (2)但在间接引语里往往用 must。例如:Yesterday morning I told my father that I must call on a friend at once. (3)在虽然没有间接引语的形式而却有间接引语的意味的时候,也往往用 must。例如:Yesterday morning I considered how I should spend the day. First, I must call on a friend. 这里的 I must 含有 I thought I must 的意思。 (4)在从属分句里有时用 must。例如:There was a friend whom I must call on immediately. (5)must 往往被用来表示“偏偏……”的意思。例如:As I was sitting down to supper, the telephone must ring.(当我正在坐下来吃晚餐的时候,电话机偏偏响起来了。) 2.注意下面三句意思不同: You must not go.(你一定不可去。) You need not go.(你不必去。有“我允许你不去”的含意。) You may not go.(参见 may 1) 注意下面三句意思不同: It cannot be true.(这个决不是真的。) It need not be true.(这个不一定是真的。) It may not be true.(这个也许不是真的。) It must not be true 是不成立的。 3.must have...(过去分词)有三种意思:(1)“谅必曾经……”,(2)“谅必曾经……(实际不曾)”和(3)“必须曾经……”。例如: You must have seen him yesterday.(你谅必曾经在昨天看见他。) You must have seen him if you had been here yesterday.(假使你昨天在这里,你谅必曾经看见他。[事实上你昨天并不在这里,所以不曾看见他。]) Any applicant for this position must have practised for five years. (这个职位的任何申请人必须曾经实习过五年。) 4.must 在现代英语里用作名词作“不可缺少的东西”解。例如:A TV set is a must in a modern home. (电视机在现代家庭里是一样少不了的东西。) |
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