| 词组 | after |
| 释义 | 1．可以说 He arrived after four weeks 和 He arrived four weeks after（作“他在四个星期后到达了”解），但不可说 He will (或would) arrive after four weeks 和 He will (或would) arrive four weeks after。 从某时说到多少时间以后，不该用 after，该用 in。所以该说 He will (或 would) arrive in four weeks。但说 He will arrive four weeks from now 和 He would arrive four weeks from then 也可以。 假使说“某个时刻（point of time）或日期或事件以后”，尽可用 after。例如：He will (或 would) arrive after four o'clock (或after 5 July，或after the ceremony). 2．说“某事件的若干时间以后”该说“若干时间 after 事件”，不可说 after 若干时间 of 事件，如可以说 two hours after his arrival 和 two years after her graduation，不可说after two hours of his arrival 和after ten years of her graduation。 two hours after his arrival 是“他到达两小时以后”，the two hours after his arrival 是“他到达以后的两小时”，for two hours after his arrival 是“在他到达以后的两小时全段时间里”，in two hours after his arrival 跟没有 in 意思相同，within two hours after his arrival 是“在他到达以后的两小时中的某时刻”。 注意下面第一句里没有 the 或 for，第二句里有 the，第三句里有 for，第四句（跟第一句意思相同）里有 in，第五句里有 within： Two hours after his arrival, I called on him. During the two hours after his arrival, nearly a hundred people called on him. For two hours after his arrival, nearly a hundred people called on him. In two hours after his arrival, I called on him. Within two hours after his arrival, I called on him. 3．“若干时间 after 日期或月份”通常把那日期或月份除外，如 five days after 3 July 指从 7 月 4 日算起的 5 天以后，就是 7 月 9 日，five months after July 指从 8 月算起的 5 个月以后，就是明年的 1 月。但并不一定这样，所以 five days after 3 July 也许指 7 月 8 日，five months after July 也许在指 12 月。可能被人误解的时候该避免这种结构。 4．可以说 After his graduation he went abroad 和 After his graduation he will go abroad，但不可说 After his graduation he has been abroad。从过去的某时或某事说到现在，不该用 after，该用 since。 这里所讲的 after 是介词。用作连接词也是这样，所以可以说 He went abroad after he graduated，但不可说 He has been abroad after he graduated，这里也该把 after 改作 since。 5．half after four, five minutes after eight 等是美国英语，相当于英国英语 half past four, five minutes past eight 等。在英国方言里也有 half after four 等。 6．以 after 引导的状语从句里用现在时态，不用将来时态，如 I shall start after he comes。不该把 comes 改作 will come。 7．下面各句都可以说，意思相同。有人以为第二句和第四句不好。 Having graduated, he went to Canada. After having graduated, he went to Canada. After graduating, he went to Canada. After he had graduated, he went to Canada. After he graduated, he went to Canada. When he had graduated, he went to Canada. 8．after 通常指时间先后的次序，behind 通常指位置，如 August comes after July 里用 after，A garden lies behind the house 里用 behind。下面各句里的 after 都该改作 behind。 Don't stand after the door. The cat is sitting after the sofa. Something has got after the bush. 但往往 after 和 behind 可以通用，如 Please shut the door after (或behind) you 和 He came in after（或behind）her。 9．be after 作“追求、希求”解。例如：He is after you. （他正在找你。）和 He is always after me to teach him the violin. （他老是要我教他小提琴。）注意第二句里用不定式。 10．after all 有“虽然这样”的意思。例如：In coming home we got caught in the rain and became wet through and through, after all I don't mind as we had a fine time. 不可说 In coming home we got caught in the rain and became wet through and through, after all I wish I hadn't joined in the outing。 |
| 随便看 |
英语用法大全包含3532条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。