| 词组 | and |
| 释义 | 1．记数在百位和十位或个位中间通常用 and，如 two hundred and forty-eight 和 seven hundred and four。在千位和十位或个位中间也通常用 and，如 three thousand and fifty-two 和 eight thousand and six。但在千位和百位中间不该用 and，如 six thousand four hundred，不作 six thousand and four hundred。 2．许多修辞学书里说句首不可用 and，其实句首用 and 很普通，而且有时语气上需要句首用 and。即使用在一段文字的开首也可以。 3．A, B, and C（and 前面有逗号）现在似乎比 A, B and C（and 前面没有逗号）普通。有时省去逗号意思不明白，所以最好不省去。 4．A, B, and C 是正常的结构，A, B, C 和 A and B and C 都是为了增加语势而用的结构，如 I keep a cat, a dog, a horse 和 I keep a cat and a dog and a horse 这两种结构通常该避免。 注意：Charles keeps a cat, a dog, a horse 里有三件东西。假使只有两件，这种结构极不普通，如 Charles keeps a cat, a dog 极不普通。在事实上，一不留心，往往会写出类似这种结构的句子。如 Charles lives in the country, keeps a cat and a dog 里用 and 连接 a cat 和 a dog，但在 live in the country 和 keep a cat and a dog 两种表达方式中间没有 and，犯了跟 a cat, a dog 同样的毛病。He seldom drank, never smoked or gambled 里该在 never 前面加上 and。 不过对于在定语用法里的形容词，这结构可算普通，如 a tall, green tree 和 a warm, bright day。 下面各句里把逗号代替 and。这种用法在美国比在英国普通，最近一二十年才流行，多用在过去时态和短句里。 He turned, went out. She looked at me, seemed to want to talk to me. They asked for you, said they had an engagement with you. 5．Come and see me, Go and look at it 和 Try and do it 等句子里的 and 有许多人说该改作 to，因为 Come 以 see me 做目的，Go 以 look at it 做目的，Try 以 do it 做目的，每句里的两个动词，都不该当作并列的。这理由很充足，可是在事实上 and 这样用法很普通。在口语里比用 to 普通得多。这种结构不但用在 come，go 和 try 的后面，也用在 learn，mind，send，stay，stop，write（写信）等词的后面。 上面的结构只用在现在时态和不定式里，不用在过去时态、分词或动名词里，如可以说： Come and see me. I ask you to come and see me. I hope you will come and see me. 但不说： He came and saw me. He is coming and seeing me. He has come and seen me. He insists on coming and seeing me. 第二句是讲不通的。其他三句都讲得通，但 He came and saw me 跟 He came to see me 意思不同，He has come and seen me 跟 He has come to see me 意思不同，He insists on coming and seeing me（他坚持要来，而且坚持要见我）跟 He insists on coming to see me 意思不同。 6．注意 and 在下面一句里的习惯用法： Ask him again, and he will tell you (=If you ask him again, he will tell you). Ask 属于祈使语气。同样地 You push and I will pull 里的 push 也属于祈使语气。下面各句里的 and 都脱胎于这个用法： You have only to see him and you will find him interesting. It is only necessary to see him and you will find him interesting. Can you lend me your typewriter and I will return it to you in a few days? Why don't you come this evening and we'll have a chat together? He asked her to tell him the whole thing and he would advise her. He told her to go out and he would follow. 上面各句里 and 后面的动词都属于将来时态。用其他时态的也有。例如： Hesitate, and the chance is gone. Alter the expression, and you alter the idea. Give him tools and he worked well. Give him tools and he would have worked well. 有时 and 前面只有名词而没有动词。例如： Another attempt, and success is assured. Another attempt, and success would be assured. Another attempt, and success would have been assured. 7．Come and see me 和 Give me hope and give me life 两句在语法结构上是相同的，可是在涵义上大不相同。第一句等于 Come to see me，第二句等于 If you give me hope, you (will) give me life。 8．下面各句里的 and 或 and that 作“而且……”解： My fan is a present from a friend, and (that) a recent present. I have lost one sheet of your letter and (that) the most important sheet. Something has to be done about it, and (that) without delay. She apologized, and (that) profusely, for being late. 9．用 and 连接的两个或两个以上的名词等，往往因为合成一个概念而被看作单数。例如： The end and aim of the book is explained in the preface. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 10．下面两句意思不同： He did not speak clearly and correctly. （他不曾讲得清楚而正确。［他讲得清楚，但不正确。］） He did not speak clearly or correctly. （他不曾讲得清楚，也不曾讲得正确。） 11．& (ampersand) 代表 and，主要用在商业文件等里，在一般文字里最好不用。 12．and/or 作 and 或 or 解，如 A and/or B=A and B, or A or B。主要用在表格和商业文件里，在一般文字里最好不用，如可以改用 A or B or both。 A and/or B 后面的动词可以用单数，也可以用复数，但意思略有不同。例如： Henry and/or Peter is to be admitted. （大约只取一人） Henry and/or Peter are to be admitted. （大约将取两人） |
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英语用法大全包含3532条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。