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词组 active verb tenses
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active verb tensesactive verb tensesactive verb tenses 210033time and tensetime and tensetimetense 2.211807Verbs2 active verb tenses1present, future and past; simple, progressive and perfectEnglish verbs can refer to present, future or past time.present: I'm watching you.future: She will see you tomorrow.past: Who said that?For each kind of time, there are three possibilities with most verbs: simple; progressive or continuous (be + -ing 3); and perfect (have + past participle 6).simple present: I startpresent progressive: I am startingpresent perfect: I have startedSome grammarians use the word 'tense' only for simple forms like goes or went; for forms like is going or has gone they prefer to talk about progressive or perfect 'aspect', and they say that English has 'no future tense'. These are principally questions of terminology, not grammatical fact, and have no practical importance. In Practical English Usage the term 'tense' is used for all verb forms and structures that indicate time. 2tenses and timeThere is not a direct relationship between verb forms and time. For example, a past verb like went is not only used to talk about past events (e.g. We went to Morocco last January), but also about unreal or uncertain present or future events (e.g. It would be better if we went home now). And present verbs can be used to talk about the future (e.g. I'm seeing Daniel tomorrow). Also, progressive and perfect forms express ideas that are not simply concerned with time – for example continuation, completion, present importance.3table of active verb tensesThis is a list of all the active affirmative forms of an ordinary English verb, with their names, examples, and very brief descriptions of typical uses. For more information about the forms and their uses, see the entries for each tense in Section 3, Section 4, Section 5.
NAMECONSTRUCTIONEXAMPLETYPICAL USE
simple presentsame as base form/infinitive, but -s on third person singular(e.g. I/you/we/they work; he/she works)It always rains in November.'general' time; permanent situations (31)
present progressiveam/are/isingI can't talk to you now; I'm working.actions continuing at the moment of speaking (32)
present perfecthave/has + past participleI have worked with children before, so I know what to expect.past action with some present connection (47)
present perfect progressivehave/has beeningIt has been raining all day.continuation up to the present (50)
(simple) futurewill + infinitive(I/we shall also possible)It will rain tomorrow.information about the future (38)
future progressivewill being(I/we shall also possible)This time tomorrow I'll belying on the beach.continuing situation at a particular future time (41)
future perfectwill have + past participle(I/we shall also possible)I will have finished the repairs by this evening.completion by a particular future time (40)
future perfect progressivewill have beening(I/we shall also possible)In June I will have been working here for ten years.continuity up to a particular future time (40)
simple pastregular verbs: base form/infinitive + -(e)dirregular verbs: various formsI worked all last weekend. I saw Jack yesterday.past events (44)
past progressivewas/wereingI saw Jack when I was coming out of the supermarket.action continuing at a particular past time (45)
past perfecthad + past participleI couldn't get in because I had lost my keys.action before a particular past time (53)
past perfect progressivehad beeningI was tired because I had been working all day.continuation up to a particular past time (55)
For irregular past tenses and past participles, 1.For question forms, 216. For negatives, 217.For the use of present forms to talk about the future, 35–37.For past verbs with present or future meanings, 46.For subjunctives (e.g. … that she go), 232.For passive verb forms, 57.For infinitives, 89.For imperatives, 224.For -ing forms, 93.For auxiliary verbs, 15.For verb forms constructed with modal auxiliary verbs, 68.1.Previous Next
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