| 词组 | determiners a an and the my your etc this that etc introduction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | Contents overview Determiners : a/an and the ; my , your , etc; this , that , etc introduction Section 12 Determiners: a/an and the; my, your, etc; this, that, etcintroductionWhat are determiners? Determiners are words that come at the beginning of noun phrases, before any adjectives. They mostly show which or how much/many we are talking about.the managerthis houseevery weeka nice daysome problemsenough oilmy fat old cateither armseveral young studentsThey fall into two main groups from a grammatical point of view.Articles (a/an and the), possessives (my, your, etc) and demonstratives (this, that, etc).These help to show which members or which part of a class or category we are talking about. Possessives and demonstratives are called 'adjectives' in older grammars and dictionaries, but they are quite different from adjectives.Quantifiers (e.g. all, some, each, much, most, several) and one or two others.These mostly show how much or how many we are talking about.The first group are covered in this Section, and the others in Section 13.articlesArticle use is one of the most difficult points in English grammar, particularly for learners whose languages do not have article systems. Articles are difficult for several reasons:The two articles (and the use of no article or 'zero article') express several different meanings, and it is not always possible to draw clear lines between them.These meanings are relatively abstract and not easy to explain.Languages which have articles (e.g. French, Swedish, Portuguese) do not always use them in the same way as their English equivalents, especially when talking about things in general (140).Sometimes article use is more a matter of vocabulary than grammar: we happen to use the in one expression, and a or no article in another similar expression, for no very good reason.on the radio on TVI've got backache. (BrE)I've got a headache.We took a wrong turning and went to the wrong address.However, much article use is regular; and the explanations in the following entries should help a good deal. Also, article mistakes do not usually matter very much for practical purposes: they rarely cause misunderstandings.possessives: terminology There are problems of terminology with possessives. My, your, etc (143) are sometimes called 'possessive adjectives', while mine, yours, etc (176) are generally called 'possessive pronouns'. In fact, both types of possessive are pronouns, because they stand for noun phrases. My replaces the noun phrase the speaker's; mine replaces the more complex noun phrase the speaker's possession. The real difference is that my, etc function as determiners in noun phrases while mine, etc are free-standing, used instead of noun phrases. None of this matters much from a practical point of view: the important thing is to use possessives correctly, not to worry about what they are called. Do you know what's wrong with these, and why?Give it to cat. 135.2 | You shouldn't go out without coat. 137.4 | Annie is engineer. 137.3 c | I used my shoe as hammer. 137.3 c | My uncle used to be a MP. 137.7 | The life is complicated. 140.1 | The most birds can fly. 140.1 | It's not always easy to fit in with the society. 140.1 | She's very interested in the nature. 140.1 | Lying by the road we saw a wheel of a car. 141.6 | He's a wrong man for me. 141.6 | The America's economic problems are becoming serious. 142.3 | I was surprised at the amount of the money collected. 142.7 | They appointed him the Head Librarian. 142.12 | What lovely dress! 142.14 | What a nonsense! 142.14 | Katy broke the arm climbing. 142.16 | They're walking in Himalayas. 142.18 | She studied at the Oxford University. 142.18 | Granny's lost the her keys again. 143.3 | The teacher told the children to open their book. 143.4 | He stood there, the eyes closed and the hands in the pockets. 143.5 | The dog's in a good mood. Its just had it's breakfast. 143.6 | I don't know what I'm doing in that country. 144.3 | Have you ever heard from this Scottish boy you used to go out with? 144.4 | contents of this section
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