| 词组 | imperatives |
| 释义 | Contents overview imperativesdon't be: in negative imperativesdon't be: in negative imperatives in negative imperatives 224.410501emphatic imperativesemphatic imperatives 224.210553224 imperatives1forms and useIn sentences like Come here, Be quiet, Have a drink or Don't worry about it, the verb forms come, be, have and don't worry are called 'imperatives'. Affirmative imperatives have the same form as the infinitive without to; negative imperatives are constructed with do not (don't).Imperatives are used, for example, to tell or ask people to do things, to make suggestions, to give advice or instructions, to encourage and offer, and to express wishes for people's welfare.Look in the mirror before you drive off.Please do not lean out of the window.Tell him you're not free this evening.Try again – you nearly did it.Have some more tea.Enjoy your break.An imperative followed by and or or can mean the same as an if-clause.Walk down our street any day and you'll see kids playing. (= If you walk …)Shut up or I'll lose my temper. (= If you don't shut up …)Don't do that again or you'll be in trouble.2emphatic imperative: Do sit down.We can make an emphatic imperative with do (mainly BrE).Do sit down.Do be more careful.Do forgive me.3passive imperative: Get vaccinated.To tell people to arrange for things to be done to them, we often use get + past participle.Get vaccinated as soon as you can.For more about get as passive auxiliary, 60.4do(n't) beAlthough do is not normally used as an auxiliary with be (19), this happens in negative imperatives.Don't be silly!Do be can begin emphatic imperatives.Do be quiet!5subject with imperative: Somebody answer the phone.The imperative does not usually have a subject, but we can use a noun or pronoun to make it clear who we are speaking to.Emily come here – everybody else stay where you are.Somebody answer the phone.Relax, everybody.You before an imperative can suggest emphatic persuasion or anger.You just sit down and relax for a bit. You take your hands off me!Note the word order in negative imperatives with pronoun subjects.Don't you believe it. (not You don't believe it.)Don't anybody say a word. (not Anybody don't say …)6question tagsAfter imperatives, common question tags ( 305–306) are will you?, would you?, can you? and could you?Give me a hand, will you?Wait here for a minute, would you?Get me something to drink, can you?Can't you and won't you are more emphatic.Be quiet, can't you?Sit down, won't you?After negative imperatives, will you? is used.Don't tell anybody, will you?7word order with always and neverAlways and never come before imperatives.Always remember what I told you. (not Remember always …)Never speak to me like that again.For imperative structures with let, 225.Previous Next |
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