| 词组 | infinitives after nouns and pronouns my decision to leave |
| 释义 | Contents overview infinitives after nouns and pronouns : my decision to leave102 infinitives after nouns and pronouns: my decision to leave1nouns related to verbs: no wish to changeWe can use infinitives after some nouns which are related to verbs that can be followed by infinitives (e.g. wish, decide, need).I have no wish to change. (= I do not wish to change.)I told her about my decision to leave. (= I told her that I had decided to leave.)Is there any need to ask Jasmine? (= Do we need to ask Jasmine?)Not all nouns can be followed by infinitives in this way.I hate the thought of getting old. (not … the thought to get old.)And note that not all related verbs and nouns are followed by the same structures. Compare:–I hope to arrive.There's no hope of arriving.–She prefers to live alone.I understand her preference for living alone.–I do not intend to return.I have no intention of returning.Unfortunately, there is no easy way to decide which structures are possible after a particular noun. It is best to check in a good dictionary.2nouns related to adjectives: You were a fool to agree.We can also use infinitives after some nouns which are related to adjectives, or which have an adjectival sense.You were a fool to agree. (= You were foolish to agree.)What a nuisance to have to go! (= How annoying to have to go!)It's a pleasure to see you again. (= It's pleasant to see you again.)3purpose: a key to open the doorAn infinitive can be used after a noun, or an indefinite pronoun like something, to explain the purpose of a particular thing: what it does, or what somebody does with it. The noun or pronoun can be like the subject of the infinitive.Have you got a key to open this door? (The key will open the door.)It was a war to end all wars.I'd like something to stop my toothache.The noun or pronoun can also be like the object of the infinitive.I need some more books to read. (I will read the books.)Is there any milk to put on the cornflakes?Did you tell her which bus to take?Is there anything to drink?If the noun or pronoun is the object of the infinitive, we do not add an object pronoun after the infinitive.I gave her a paper to read. (not … a paper to read it.)He needs a place to live in. (not … a place to live in it.)Some/any/nowhere can also be followed by infinitives.The kids want somewhere to practise their music.4enough, too much, etcQuantifiers like enough, too much/many/little/few, plenty, etc are often followed by noun + infinitive.There was enough light to see what I was doing.There's too much snow (for us) to be able to drive.We've got plenty of time to see the British Museum.Enough is often dropped before room and time.There's hardly (enough) room to breathe in here.Do you think we'll have (enough) time to do some shopping?5infinitive with preposition: a friend to play withA noun can be followed by infinitive + preposition.Emily needs a friend to play with.They're looking for a room to meet in.In a very formal style, another structure is possible: noun + preposition + whom/which + infinitive.Emily needs a friend with whom to play.They're looking for a room in which to meet.This is not possible when there is no preposition. One cannot say, for example, I need a book which to read.6the life to come, etcIn expressions like the life to come (= life after death), the world to come, his wife to be (= his future wife), the infinitive has a future meaning, and is similar to a relative clause with be (= the life/world that is to come, etc).For infinitives used to talk about people's purposes, 112.For passive infinitives (e.g. There's work to be done), 106.For for + object + infinitive (e.g. Is there any need for us to stay?), 113.5.For infinitives after first, next, last or superlative + noun (e.g. the first woman to climb Everest), 101.3.For more about structures with prepositions at the end, 209.Previous Next |
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