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词组 prefixes and suffixes
释义
Contents overview
prefixes and suffixesa-: (prefix)a-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110003-age: (suffix)-age: (suffix) (suffix) 10061-an: (suffix)-an: (suffix)-ian-an (suffix) 10100-ance, -ancy: (suffix)-ance, -ancy: (suffix)-ance-ancy (suffix) 10103Anglo-: (prefix)Anglo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110105ante-: (prefix)ante-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110110anti-: (prefix)anti-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110111arch-: (prefix)arch-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110131-ate: (suffix)-ate: (suffix) (suffix) 338.610181-ation: (suffix)-ation: (suffix) (suffix) 10183auto-: (prefix)auto-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110188bi-: (prefix)bi-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110238cent- and centi-: (prefix)cent- and centi-: (prefix)centcenti (prefix) 338.110310-centric: (suffix)-centric: (suffix) (suffix) 10311co-: (prefix)co-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110346counter-: (prefix)counter-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110405cyber-: (prefix)cyber-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110426de-: (prefix)de-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110437dis-: (prefix)dis-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110478e-: (prefix)e-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110523eco-: (prefix)eco-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110535-ee: (suffix)-ee: (suffix) (suffix) 10539en-: (prefix)en-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110554-en: (suffix)-en: (suffix) (suffix) 338.610555-ence, -ency: (suffix)-ence, -ency: (suffix)-ence-ency (suffix) 10556-er: (suffix)-er: (suffix) (suffix) 10569-ese: (suffix)-ese: (suffix) (suffix) 10572-ette: (suffix)-ette: (suffix) (suffix) 10577Euro-: (prefix)Euro-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110578ex-: (prefix)ex-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110597extra-: (prefix)extra-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110610fore-: (prefix)fore-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110666geo-: (prefix)geo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110708-hood: (suffix)-hood: (suffix) (suffix) 10805hyper-: (prefix)hyper-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110832-(i)an: (suffix)-(i)an: (suffix)-ian-an (suffix) 10853-ian: (suffix)-ian: (suffix)-ian-an (suffix) 10854-ic, -ical: (suffix)-ic, -ical: (suffix)-ic-ical (suffix) 10855-ify: (suffix)-ify: (suffix) (suffix) 338.610870ill-: (prefix)ill-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110873im-: (prefix)im-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110876in-: (prefix)in-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110894-ing: (suffix)-ing: (suffix) (suffix) 10914inter-: (prefix)inter-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110932-ish: (suffix)-ish: (suffix) (suffix) 10952-ism: (suffix)-ism: (suffix) (suffix) 10954-ist: (suffix)-ist: (suffix) (suffix) 10955-ity: (suffix)-ity: (suffix) (suffix) 10965-ive: (suffix)-ive: (suffix) (suffix) 10967kilo-: (prefix)kilo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.110984-less: (suffix)-less: (suffix) (suffix) 11020-like: (suffix)-like: (suffix) (suffix) 11031mal-: (prefix)mal-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111068mega-: (prefix)mega-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111095-ment: (suffix)-ment: (suffix) (suffix) 11097micro-: (prefix)micro-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111101mid-: (prefix)mid-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111102milli-: (prefix)milli-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111106mini-: (prefix)mini-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111112mis-: (prefix)mis-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111114mono-: (prefix)mono-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111125multi-: (prefix)multi-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111141neo-: (prefix)neo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111158-ness: (suffix)-ness: (suffix) (suffix) 11159non-: (prefix)non-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111183-ocracy: (suffix)-ocracy: (suffix) (suffix) 11230-ology: (suffix)-ology: (suffix) (suffix) 11242omni-: (prefix)omni-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111244-or: (suffix)-or: (suffix) (suffix) 11273-ous: (suffix)-ous: (suffix) (suffix) 11285out-: (prefix)out-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111286over-: (prefix)over-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111290pan-: (prefix)pan-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111299-phile: (suffix)-phile: (suffix) (suffix) 11336-phobe, -phobia: (suffix)-phobe, -phobia: (suffix)-phobe-phobia (suffix) 11337photo-: (prefix)photo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111339poly-: (prefix)poly-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111374post-: (prefix)post-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111381pre-: (prefix)pre-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111390prefixesprefixes 33811394pro-: (prefix)pro-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111424-proof: (suffix)-proof: (suffix) (suffix) 11435pseudo-: (prefix)pseudo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111440psycho-: (prefix)psycho-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111441re-: (prefix)re-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111470semi-: (prefix)semi-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111562-ship: (suffix)-ship: (suffix) (suffix) 11583socio-: (prefix)socio-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111630sub-: (prefix)sub-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111695suffixessuffixes 33811703super-: (prefix)super-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111711tele-: (prefix)tele-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111741thermo-: (prefix)thermo-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111785trans-: (prefix)trans-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111831tri-: (prefix)tri-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111835ultra-: (prefix)ultra-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111855un-: (prefix)un-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111856under-: (prefix)under-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111859uni-: (prefix)uni-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111865vice-: (prefix)vice-: (prefix) (prefix) 338.111892-y: (suffix)-y: (suffix) (suffix) 12002Word Formation and Spelling338 prefixes and suffixesThe following are some of the most common and useful English prefixes and suffixes.1prefixes
prefixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
a-adj.not, withoutamoral, asexual
Anglo-adj.EnglishAnglo-American
ante-adj., verbs, nounsbeforeantenatal, antedate, anteroom
anti-adj., nounsagainstantisocial, anti-war
arch-nounssupreme, mostarchbishop, arch-enemy
auto-adj., nounsselfautomatic, autobiography
bi-adj., nounstwobilingual, bicycle
bio-adj., nounslifebiodegradable, biochemist
cent(i)-nounshundredthcentimetre, centilitre
co-verbs, nounstogether (with)co-operate, co-pilot
counter-adj., verbs, nounsagainstcounteract, counter-revolution(ary)
cyber-nounscomputer, internetcybercrime, cyberculture
de-verbsreversing actiondefrost, deregulate
de-verbstake awaydeforest
dis-adj., verbs, nounsnot, oppositedisloyal, disappear, disorder
dis-verbsreversing actiondisconnect, disinfect
e-nounselectronic, internetemail, e-commerce, e-book
eco-adj., nounsenvironmenteco-friendly, eco-tourism
en-nounsput inendanger, encircle
en-adj.makeenrich, enable
Euro-adj., nounsEuropeanEurocentric, Europop
ex-nounsformerex-husband
extra-adj.exceptionallyextra-special
extra-adj.outsideextra-terrestrial
fore-verbs, nounsbeforeforetell, foreknowledge
geo-adj., nounsearthgeothermal, geophysics
hyper-adj., nounsextreme(ly)hypercritical, hypertension
ill-past participlesbadlyill-advised, ill-expressed
in-adj.not, oppositeincomplete, insensitive
(im- before p)adj.not, oppositeimpossible
(il- before l)adj.not, oppositeillegible
(ir- before r)adj.not, oppositeirregular
inter-adj., verbsbetween, amonginternational, intermarry
kilo-nounsthousandkilometre, kilogram
mal-adj., verbs, nounsbad(ly)maltreat, malformed, malfunction
mega-nounsmillionmegabyte
mega-adj. (informal)extremelymega-rich
micro-adj., nounsvery smallmicrolight (aircraft), micrometer
mid-nounsin the middle ofmid-December, mid-afternoon
milli-nounsthousandthmillisecond
mini-nounslittleminigolf, minicab
mis-verbs, nounswrong(ly)misunderstand, misconduct
mono-adj., nounsonemonogamous, monorail
multi-adj., nounsmanymultilingual, multi-purpose
neo-adj., nounsnew(ly)neo-classical, neo-Nazi
non-nouns, adj.notnon-smoker, non-returnable
omni-adj.allomnipresent
out-verbsdo/be more thanoutrun, outnumber
over-adj., verbstoo muchover-confident, overeat
pan-adj.right acrosspan-American
photo-adj., nounslightphotoelectric, photosynthesis
poly-adj., nounsmanypolyglot, polygon
post-adj., nounsafterpost-modern, postwar
pre-adj., nounsbeforepremarital, prewar
pro-adj., nounsfor, in favour ofpro-communist, pro-government (adj.)
pseudo-adj.falsepseudo-academic
psycho-adj., nounsmind, mentalpsycho-analysis
re-verbs, nounsagain, backrebuild, reconstruction
semi-adj., nounshalfsemi-conscious, semicircle
socio-adj., nounssocietysocio-economic
sub-adj., nounsbelowsubstandard, subconscious, subway
super-adj. nounsmore than, specialsupernatural, supermarket
tele-nounsdistanttelescope
thermo-adj., nounsheatthermo-electric, thermometer
trans-adj., verbsacrosstransatlantic, transplant
tri-adj., nounsthreetripartite, triangle
ultra-adj., nounsextreme, beyondultra-modern, ultrasound
un-adj., participlesnot, oppositeuncertain, unexpected
un-verbsreverse actionuntie, undress
under-verbs, participlestoo littleunderestimate, under-developed
uni-adj., nounsoneunilateral, unicycle
vice-nounsdeputyvice-chairman
2suffixes that form nouns
suffixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
-ageverbsinstance ofbreakage, shrinkage
-alverbsinstance ofrefusal, dismissal
-ance, -ancyadj., verbsprocess/state ofreluctance, performance, expectancy
-ationverbsprocess/state ofexploration, starvation
-ationverbsproduct oforganisation, foundation
-eeverbsobject of verbpayee, employee
-ence, -encyadj., verbsprocess/state ofindependence, presidency
-ernounsbelonging toteenager, Londoner
-er/orverbsperson/thing that doeswriter, driver, starter, editor
-essnounsfemalelioness, waitress
-ettenounssmallkitchenette
-fulnounsamount held inspoonful, cupful
-hoodnounsquality, group, time ofbrotherhood, childhood
-ingnounsquantity of materialcarpeting, tubing
-ingnounsactivityfarming, surfing
-ismnounsbelief, practicecommunism, impressionism
-ityadj.quality ofelasticity, falsity
-mentverbsprocess/result ofgovernment, arrangement
-nessadj.quality ofmeanness, happiness
-ocracynounsgovernment bydemocracy
-ologynounsstudy ofsociology
-philenounslover ofAnglophile
-phobenounshater, fearer ofAnglophobe
-phobianounsirrational fear ofarachnophobia (fear of spiders)
-shipnounsstatus, state, quality offriendship, dictatorship
3suffixes that form nouns or adjectives
suffixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
-eseplace nounsinhabitant of, language ofChinese, Vietnamese
-(i)announssupporter of, related toDarwinian, republican
-(i)announscitizen ofParisian, Moroccan
-istnounspractitioner ofpianist, racist
4suffixes that form adjectives
suffixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
-able/-ible (344)verbscan be (done)washable, drinkable
-alnounsrelated toaccidental
-centricnounscentred onEurocentric
-ednounshavingwooded, pointed, blue-eyed
-fulnounsfull of, providinguseful, helpful
-ic(al) (339)nounsrelated toartistic, typical
-ishadj., nounsrather (like)greenish, childish
-ishplace nounsinhabitant of, language ofScottish, Turkish
-iveverbscan do, doesattractive, selective
-lessnounswithoutcareless, homeless
-likenounslikechildlike
-lynounswith the quality offriendly, motherly
-ousnounshavingvirtuous, ambitious
-proofnounsprotected/-ing againstbullet-proof, waterproof
-wardadj.towardsbackward, northward
-ynounslike, characterised bycreamy, wealthy
5suffixes that form adverbs
suffixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
-lyadj.in an (adjective) waycalmly, slowly
-ward(s)adj.towardsbackwards, northward(s)
6suffixes that form verbs
suffixmainly added tousual meaningexamples
-atenounscausativeorchestrate, chlorinate
-enadj.make, becomedeafen, ripen, harden
-ifyadj., nounscausative: makesimplify, electrify
-ise/-ize (343)adj., nounsvariousmodernise, symbolise
7combining formsSome prefixes and suffixes combine mainly or often with other prefixes and suffixes. Examples are phono- ('sound'), -logy ('study of'), -scope ('instrument for seeing'), -metry ('measurement'). phonologytelescopemicrometry8negative words with no positive equivalentSome words with negative prefixes have no positive opposite equivalent: for example, somebody can be distressed, but not tressed. Other examples:dishevelled, disappoint, discard, disclose, disconcert, disfigure, dismiss, dispose, incessant, indelible, uncanny, uncouth, ungainly, unkempt, unnerved, unspeakable, unwieldy, unwitting9productivityCertain prefixes and suffixes are productive: they are often used to form new words. And some can be added to almost any word of the right grammatical kind.I'm not anti-tourists; I just don't want them in our town.The place has got a real 1970s-like atmosphere.But most are limited to certain words or kinds of word, and cannot be used to invent new vocabulary items.(not uncredible, subinteresting, considerage) or drinklessFor hyphens after co-, ex-, etc, 342.3.d.Previous Next
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