These words indicate a readiness to face danger, difficulty or even death when called upon by circumstances to do so. Brave is the most general word. It indicates the showing of one’s mettle under stress, implying self-possession and resolution. Courageous , like brave , may focus on response to a situation, but it often implies firmness arising from strong moral convictions. Both words imply a willingness to proceed with the necessary in spite of external deterrents or internal misgivings. A brave or courageous soldier carries out a dangerous mission, not without fear, but without letting fear prevent him from doing his duty.

Dauntless and undaunted indicate bravery under exceptionally trying circumstances. Both imply a refusal to be disheartened, intimidated or otherwise discouraged from going on.

• Scientists pursue their experiments with dauntless determination, despite repeated failures and disappointments; Stalemated negotiators must resume their talks each day with undaunted optimism.

Fearless and intrepid imply a resolute freedom from fear or a cool, unshakable determination.

• A fearless , crusading newspaper exposes corruption in high places without being deterred by the danger of reprisal; The intrepid explorers hacked their way through the jungle in spite of the constant danger of native attack.

Valiant and valorous are applied to persons and actions that exhibit the kind of courage and fortitude associated with knighthood. Valiant may suggest bravery shown in a worthy cause, against impossible odds, or with commendable consequences. Valorous is usually applied to the spirit or deeds of the valiant . A valiant fireman may save persons trapped in a burning building by a valorous disregard of his own safety.

Heroic and gallant outstanding bravery coupled with nobility of motive or selfless dedication. Heroic stresses exceptional courage, fortitude or enterprise, especially in time of war or danger. It implies a willingness to risk or sacrifice one’s life to save another or others. Gallant implies inner nobility that is manifested in chivalrous action.

• The storming of Gallipoli was a heroic action of gallant men.

Plucky is a somewhat informal word, usually applied to contenders who persist against unfavourable odds. A plucky prize-fighter does his best to hold his own against a heavier, more skilful opponent. Bold indicates an actively brave nature or a confident audacity. The bold man is daring and is undeterred by fear of consequences: the R.A.F.’s bold bombing of the Ruhr dams in 1943 spread destruction across Germany’s industrial heartland.