| 词组 | |
| 释义 | '-ed' adjectives'-ed' adjectives ◊ GRAMMAR A large number of adjectives end in '-ed'. ◊ related to verbs Many of them have the same form as the past participle of a transitive verb, and have a passive meaning. For example, a 'frightened' person is a person who has been frightened by something. When I saw my face in the mirror, I was astonished at the change. Soak dried fruit in water before cooking it. Some past participles which do not end in '-ed' are also used as adjectives. They are sometimes called '-ed' adjectives. It is a good idea to get at least two written estimates. ...searching for a lost ball. A few '-ed' adjectives are related to intransitive verbs and have an active meaning. For example, an 'escaped' prisoner is a prisoner who has escaped. The following '-ed' adjectives have an active meaning: accumulated, dated, escaped, faded, fallen, retired, swollen, wilted She is the daughter of a retired army officer. ...a tall woman with a swollen leg. ◊ related to verbs but different in meaning Some '-ed' adjectives are related to verbs in form, but have a different meaning from the usual meaning of the verb. For example, to 'attach' something to something else means to join or fasten it on, but a person who is 'attached' to someone or something is very fond of them. The tiles had been attached with an inferior adhesive material and were already beginning to fall off. 'Oh, yes,' says Howard, 'I'm quite attached to Henry. I've known him for ages.' The following adjectives have a different meaning from the usual or commonest meaning of the related verb: advanced, attached, determined, disposed, disturbed, guarded, marked, mixed, noted ◊ related to nouns Many adjectives are formed by adding '-ed' to a noun. They indicate that a person or thing has the thing that the noun refers to. For example, a 'bearded' man has a beard. The following adjectives are formed by adding '-ed' to a noun: armoured, barbed, beaded, bearded, detailed, flowered, freckled, gifted, gloved, hooded, pointed, principled, salaried, skilled, spotted, striped, turbaned, veiled, walled, winged The visitor was a bearded man with mean and unreliable eyes. Every skilled adult reader takes all of this for granted. ◊ not related to verbs or nouns There are a few '-ed' adjectives that are not related to verbs or nouns in the ways described above. For example, the adjective 'antiquated' is not related to a verb, because there is no such verb as 'antiquate'. The following adjectives are not directly related to verbs or nouns: antiquated, ashamed, assorted, beloved, bloated, concerted, crazed, deceased, indebted, rugged, sophisticated It was not until the 1970s that a concerted effort was made to import the game of pool into Britain. Without language, complex social systems and sophisticated technology would be impossible. |
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