1. vt. & vi.受痛苦；受损害　 experience pain or difficulty; be patient with
2. vt. & vi.忍受，承受　 tolerate
3. vt.容许，允许　 allow

　～ a loss　遭受损失
　～ a setback　遭受挫折
　～ an apoplectic stroke　患中风
　～ death　丧命
　～ defeat　遭受失败
　～ embarrassment　受窘
　～ food poisoning　食物中毒
　～ hardship　遭受困苦
　～ intolerable discomfort　遭受难忍的不适
　～ pain　遭受痛苦
　～ persecution　受迫害
　～ poverty　受穷
　～ punishment　遭受惩罚
　～ sb's bad manners　忍受某人的无礼
　～ such conduct　忍受这种行为
　～ such criticism　忍受这样的批评
　～ such fools　容忍这种蠢人
　～ such insolence　忍受此种蛮横
　～ such treatment　忍受此种待遇
　～ tortures　受折磨
　～ wrong　忍受冤屈
　～ a great deal　备受折磨
　～ less　少受痛苦
　～ much　遭受很大痛苦
　～ acutely　受很大损失
　～ deeply　深受痛苦
　～ dismally　默默地忍受
　～ distressingly　令人悲痛地忍受
　～ greatly　深受痛苦
　～ grievously　今人痛苦地忍受
　～ heroically　英勇地承受
　～ intensely　强烈地忍受
　～ joyfully　高兴地承受
　～ keenly　强烈地忍受
　～ miserably　痛苦地忍受
　～ profoundly　深受痛苦
　～ severely　严重受损
　～ terribly　深受痛苦
　～ wretchedly　可怜地忍受
　～ by　因…受罚〔苦、损〕
　～ by comparison　相形见绌
　～ for　因…受罚〔苦、损〕
　～ for one's carelessness　因粗心而食恶果
　～ for one's foolishness　因愚蠢而吃亏
　～ for this insolence　吃了傲慢的亏
　～ from　患…病，因…受损害
　～ from cold and hunger　挨饿受冻
　～ from drought　遭受旱灾
　～ from floods　遭受水灾
　～ from headache　患头痛
　～ from hypertension　患高血压
　～ from insomnia　患失眠症
　～ from lack of rest　吃了缺乏休息的亏
　～ from malnutrition　营养不良
　～ from measles　出麻疹
　～ from overwork　疲劳过度症
　～ from slight infection　受轻度感染
　～ from social activities　吃了社交活动的亏
　～ from stomach-ache　患胃痛
　～ from strange illness　患怪病
　～ from the want of rain　因缺雨而受损
　～ from the war　受战争的折磨
　～ in sb's reputation　某人的名誉受到损害
　～ like this　受像这样的苦
　～ much through sb　因某人受大损失
　～ under the cruel teasing　因受残酷戏弄而痛苦
　～ under the dentist　因治牙而受苦
　～ a great deal with liver　因肝病而受了许多罪
　～ without complaining　毫无怨言地忍受

　Men are born to suffer.　人生来就是受苦的。
　We all have to suffer at some time.　我们一生都不免有受苦的时候。
　"As long as I am here, I won't let the child suffer," she said.　她说道，“只要有我在，就不能让孩子受苦。”
　He died very quickly; he didn't suffer much.　他死得很快，没有经受多少痛苦。
　They would have suffered less if we had known of it earlier.　我们要是早一点知道这情况，他们还会少受些罪。
　She said that she had suffered less than her companion.　她说她经受的苦难没有她的同伴多。
　She suffered greatly as a child.　她童年深受苦难。
　The war and its misery made him suffer deeply.　这场战争及所造成的不幸使他深受其苦。
　He suffered terribly when his mother died.　他母亲去世时，他非常痛苦。
　I won't stand by and see them suffer like that.　看他们受这样的罪，我不能无动于衷。
　The great majority of the women there suffered in the same way.　那儿大多数妇女都受过同样的苦。
　Be careful, or our work will suffer.　要细心，否则我们的工作要受损失。
　The engine suffered severely as a result.　结果，发动机受到严重损坏。
　If he failed, his self-esteem would suffer.　如果他失败，他的自尊心会受到损害。
　He was afraid his reputation would suffer because of that.　他担心，他的声誉会因此受到损害。
　His business suffered greatly during the war.　战争期间他的业务受到巨大的损失。
　Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.　你要是总踢足球，功课就糟了。
　He started drinking a lot and his work suffered.　他开始酗酒后，工作就干得越来越差了。
　Fortunately he suffered no pain.　幸好他不感到疼。
　One of the patients was suffering shock.　有一个病人休克了。
　She suffered multiple injuries in the car accident.　她在车祸中多处受伤。
　They had suffered a lot of nervous strain and shock.　他们经受了许多神经紧张和震扰。
　She suffered unspeakable trouble while she considered all these questions.　她在考虑这一切问题时，心中有说不出的烦恼。
　He suffered the humiliation of being forced to resign.　他蒙受了被迫辞职的羞辱。
　If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences.　你如果违犯法律，就必须准备承担后果。
　He suffered all kinds of discrimination in those dark days.　在那黑暗的年月，他受到种种歧视。
　He would suffer death rather than betray the secret.　他宁死也不肯泄漏机密。
　He suffered defeat.　他遭受了失败。
　They suffered some major setbacks during the fighting.　在这次战斗中，他们遭到了严重挫折。
　The enemy suffered heavy casualty.　敌人伤亡惨重。
　He could not suffer criticism.　他不能忍受别人批评他。
　How can you suffer such insolence?　你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度?
　I should not suffer it for a moment.　我一刻也忍受不了了。
　These plants cannot suffer a cold winter.　这些植物耐不住寒冬。
　How can you suffer her insult?　你怎能受得了她的侮辱?
　She suffered me to come nearer.　她允许我走近一些。
　They suffered her to stay.　他们容许她留下。
　He suffered nobody to touch his flower.　他不允许任何人碰他的花。
　He suffered no fools to carry on the plan.　他不允许蠢人进行那项计划。
　We suffered the group to camp in the meadow.　我们允许这群人在草坪上搭帐篷。
　I won't suffer this rudeness to overpower endurance.　我不会让这种无礼压倒忍让。
　He suffered himself to be caught.　他容许他自己被捕。
　She won't suffer herself to be ill-treated.　她不容许自己受虐待。
　You shouldn't suffer yourself to be made a fool of.　你不该让自己被别人愚弄。
　The prisoner was not suffered to say a word.　该囚犯被禁止发言。

 ♣ suffer by　(v.+prep.)
　因…而受罚〔苦、损〕　be worse because of sth
　They are victims who suffered by wartime disasters.　他们是战时灾难的受害者。
　The magazine has not suffered by a change of editorship.　这家杂志社并未因更换编辑而受到损失。
　The old method suffers by comparison.　老方法相形见绌。
 ♣ suffer for　(v.+prep.)
　因…而受罚〔苦、损〕　be worse because of sth
　You will suffer for your foolishness some day.　总有一天，你会因你的愚蠢而受到惩罚。
　I'll make you suffer for this insolence.　我会使你为这种傲慢态度而吃苦头。
　She was very generous to him but she suffered for it when he ran away with all her money.　她对他很慷慨，可是当他偷了她所有的钱潜逃时，她只能为此而受苦。
　However, you have suffered for not taking my advice.　不管怎么说，你没听我的劝告，吃了苦头。
　She suffers tortures for it.　她为此而遭受折磨。
 ♣ suffer from　(v.+prep.)
1. 患（某种病）；受（某种病痛）折磨 have pain or bad health because of (a disease)
　He often suffers from headaches.　他常头痛。
　You must have suffered from a cold.　你一定是感冒了。
　She suffered from night blindness.　她患了夜盲症。
　I suffer from high blood pressure.　我有高血压。
　She suffers from brain concussion.　她得了脑震荡。
　We learned that he was suffering from cancer.　我们听说他患了癌症。
　Many of them suffered from airsickness.　他们很多人都晕机。
　They suffered from all kinds of diseases in those years.　那些年他们有各种各样的病。
　She has always suffered from bad health.　她的身体一直不好。
　How long has the child been suffering from repeated stomach trouble?　这孩子常常胃痛有多长时间了?
　What illness is he suffering from?　他患的什么病?
2. 因…而受罚〔苦、损〕 be worse because of sth
　〔说明〕 suffer from作此解时通常不用于进行体。
　She is suffering greatly from the intense heat.　天气酷热，她不胜其苦。
　He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger.　他备受饥寒交迫之苦。
　Perhaps you suffer from overwork.　或许你是工作过度了。
　He suffered most from lack of rest.　他最吃亏的是休息太少。
　Lots of children there suffered from malnutrition.　那儿很多儿童营养不良。
　Sometimes I still suffer from stage fright.　有时候我还有些怯场。
　Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses.　有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。
　Though we suffered from serious natural calamities, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.　我们虽然遭受到了严重的自然灾害，但我们一定能克服一切困难。
　The Haihe River valley used to suffer from drought.　海河流域过去经常遭受干旱。
　The crops are suffering from flood.　这片作物遭水淹了。
　Your writing suffers from the lack of attention to detail.　你的作品因缺乏对细节的描写而逊色。
　His schoolwork suffered from all his social activities.　他的学业因他的大量社交活动而受到影响。
　Our business has suffered from the lack of investment.　我们的商行因缺乏投资而境况很糟。
　Trade suffers from the war.　商业因战事而受打击。

 ♣ suffer, bear, endure, put up with, stand, tolerate
　参见bear条。
 ♣ suffer, experience, experiment, sustain, undergo
　参见experience条。

　失去学生的尊重，他很痛苦。
　［误］ He suffered from the loss of his pupil's respect.
　［正］ He suffered the loss of his pupil's respect.
　［析］ 表示“遭受损失〔痛苦〕”时， suffer通常用作及物动词，后面直接接宾语，而不必用suffer from的形式。

　suffer from　和suffer在新闻记者的笔下是没有区别的，可以互换。有些语法学家认为suffer from a disease中的from不可少，但在当代英语中，我们会经常看到suffer后直接接病的种类作宾语的例子。例如：
　The child seemed to be suffering nothing more serious than a winter cold.　这孩子似乎只是受了一点风寒而已。
　She suffered the advanced stages of lung cancer.　她患的是晚期肺癌。

　［派生词］ sufferance n.勉强被容许地；由于勉强容许；只是由于宽容‖sufferer n.患病者，受害者‖suffering n.身体或心灵的痛苦，苦难；各种苦恼；折磨
　［同义词］ abide, accept, bear, brook, endure, experience, experiment, stand, submit, sustain, tolerate, torment, undergo
　［词源］　英国法语suffrir<古法语sufrir<拉丁语sufferre（在下面承受着）