1. vt.放弃；舍弃；离开　leave a place, especially because it is difficult or dangerous to stay there
2. vt.离弃；遗弃；抛弃　leave completely and forever; desert; leave sb when you should stay with them and look after them
3. vt.放弃；中止　give up or bring an end to (sth), especially without finishing it or gaining the intended result

　～ a bad habit　革除恶习
　～ a car　弃车
　～ a design　放弃一项设计
　～ a difficult task　推卸一项艰巨的任务
　～ a drought area　离开旱灾区
　～ a dwelling　放弃一个住所
　～ a fort　放弃一个堡垒
　～ a habit　摒弃一种习惯
　～ all hope　放弃一切希望
　～ an attempt　放弃尝试
　～ a policy　放弃一项政策
　～ a project　放弃一项方案
　～ a regular practice　放弃寻常的做法
　～ a scheme　放弃一项设计
　～ a village　放弃一个村庄
　～ a way of living　放弃某种生活方式
　～ a wrecked plane　丢弃失事的飞机
　～ a wrecked ship　丢弃失事的轮船
　～ evil and do good　弃恶从善
　～ land　放弃领土
　～ large quantities of supplies　抛弃大批辎重
　～ one's baby　遗弃婴儿
　～ one's country　离开国家
　～ one's farm　离开农场
　～ one's friends　抛弃朋友
　～ one's homeland　离开故乡
　～ one's hope　放弃希望
　～ one's interests　放弃利益
　～ one's native language　不再讲本国语
　～ one's obligation　推卸责任
　～ one's original stand　背弃原来的立场
　～ one's parents　抛弃父母
　～ one's post　放弃职位
　～ one's positions　放弃阵地
　～ one's right　放弃权利
　～ one's wife and children　抛弃妻儿
　～ ship　弃船（逃生）
　～ smoking　戒烟
　～ territory　放弃领土
　～ the idea　放弃那个想法
　～ completely　完全放弃
　～ definitely　肯定放弃
　～ dejectedly　沮丧地放弃
　～ delightfully　愉快地放弃
　～ despairingly　绝望地放弃
　～ dramatically　戏剧性地放弃
　～ entirely　全部放弃
　～ eventually　最终放弃
　～ forever　永远放弃
　～ mournfully　悲哀地放弃
　～ probably　可能放弃
　～ recklessly　轻率地放弃
　～ regretfully　遗憾地放弃
　～ reluctantly　不情愿地放弃
　～ shamefully　无耻地遗弃
　～ shamelessly　无耻地遗弃
　～ simultaneously　同时放弃
　～ temporarily　暂时放弃
　～ for　放弃〔停止〕…而从事〔进行〕…
　～ law for the fine arts　弃学法律改学美术
　～ medicine for literature　弃医从文
　～ the old for the new　喜新厌旧
　～ to　使全然陷入
　～ oneself to　陷入；放纵于，沉溺于
　～ oneself to despair　陷入绝望，自暴自弃
　～ oneself to drinking　纵酒
　～ oneself to emotion　感情用事
　～ oneself to evil ways　走邪道
　～ oneself to grief　陷于悲伤
　～ oneself to intemperance　饮酒无度
　～ oneself to one's fate　听天由命
　～ oneself to pleasure　恣意享乐
　～ oneself to sth　沉湎于某事
　～ oneself to the mercy of sb　听任某人摆布自己

　Jackson has abandoned his old car.　杰克逊把他那辆旧车扔了。
　The car was badly damaged, so they abandoned it.　那辆车坏得太厉害了，所以他们丢弃了它。
　Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.　大雪迫使许多驾车者弃车步行。
　You're not supposed to abandon your car on the motorway.　你不应当把车丢在快车道上。
　The crew abandoned the sinking ship after a hard struggle.　一番艰苦搏斗之后，船员们放弃了正在下沉的船。
　We were sinking fast, and the captain gave the order to abandon the ship.　我们在迅速地下沉，船长下令弃船。
　When the fire got out of control, the captain told the sailors to abandon the ship.　当火势已无法控制时，船长吩咐水手弃船逃生。
　The enemy abandoned the city and fled.　敌军弃城而逃。
　People often simply abandon their pets when they go abroad.　人们出国时常常丢下宠物不管，一走了之。
　The people abandoned the village before the soldiers came.　人们在士兵到来前就逃离了村庄。
　Most of the villagers have abandoned their homes and fled.　大部分村民弃家逃走了。
　He abandoned his desolate home and set out on a long journey.　他放弃了荒芜的家园，出远门去了。
　Tens of thousands of people have been forced to abandon their homes and native villages since the war broke out.　自从这场战争爆发以来，几万人被迫离乡背井。
　The cruel man abandoned his wife and children.　这个狠心的男子抛弃了他的妻室和儿女。
　I'm sorry I abandoned you like that.　很抱歉我那样突然抛下你走了。
　She abandoned her husband and children and went off with another man.　她抛弃了自己的丈夫和孩子，跟另外一个男人跑了。
　He abandoned his wife and children for another woman.　他抛弃妻儿，另觅新欢。
　Long before the kingdom was overthrown the ministers had already abandoned the old king.　在这个王国被推翻以前，大臣们早已不忠于年迈的国王了。
　The country abandoned its political leaders after the war.　战后该国人民不再拥护他们的政治领袖。
　We will never abandon our principles.　我们应该坚持原则。
　She abandoned her journey temporarily.　她暂时放弃了旅行。
　He despairingly abandoned his search.　他绝望地放弃了寻找。
　They had to abandon the match because of rain.　因为下雨，他们只好中止比赛。
　The bad weather forced them to abandon their search.　恶劣的天气迫使他们中止了搜寻工作。
　They abandoned their attempts to escape.　他们放弃了逃跑的尝试。
　He abandoned the whole idea.　他完全放弃了那个想法。
　They had abandoned all hope.　他们已经放弃了一切希望。
　I abandoned my hope of being a doctor.　我放弃了当医生的希望。
　I have abandoned hope of any reconciliation.　我已对任何和解都不再抱希望。
　They abandoned all hope of finding the child.　他们放弃了找到这个孩子的一切希望。
　The family had abandoned all hope of finding him alive.　家人对他的生还已经不抱任何希望。
　The commander decided to abandon the plan for an all-out offensive.　指挥官决定放弃全面进攻的计划。
　The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund.　由于资金不足，这位科学家放弃了他的研究工作。
　By 1930 he had abandoned his Marxist principles.　到1930年他已放弃了马克思主义信念。
　The party has now abandoned its earlier commitment to restoring full employment.　该党现已放弃早先关于恢复充分就业的承诺。
　Despite current problems, they have not abandoned their commitment to the peace process.　尽管目前还有许多问题，但他们并未放弃对和平进程的承诺。
　The doctor advised me to abandon smoking.　医生劝我戒烟。
　Ade urged me to abandon the habit of smoking.　艾德敦促我戒烟。
　My memory abandoned me completely at one point.　在某一点上我完全记不起来了。
　The building has been abandoned for a number of years.　这幢房屋已弃置多年。
　The coastal settlements were abandoned in the 19th century.　沿海的定居点废弃于19世纪。
　When the rebel troops arrived, the village had already been abandoned.　叛军到达时村里已空无一人。
　The drought areas were not abandoned.　干旱地区没有被人置之不理。
　The baby had been abandoned by its mother.　这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。
　She was abandoned by her boyfriend.　她被男友抛弃了。
　Hardy felt that he had been abandoned by all his followers.　哈迪觉得所有的追随者都背弃了自己。
　This project should not be abandoned.　这项工程不能下马。
　The game had to be abandoned because of crowd trouble.　由于观众滋事，比赛只得中止。
　The search was abandoned when night came, even though the child had not been found.　当夜幕降临时，搜寻便停止了，尽管失踪的孩子还没有找到。
　The searching for the missing child was abandoned after two weeks.　两星期后他们放弃了搜救那名失踪的小孩。
　The plan was abandoned for some reason.　这项计划由于某种原因而被放弃了。
　By this time, the steady state theory of the universe had been largely abandoned.　到此时，宇宙稳态论大半已被扬弃。
　They abandoned it as useless.　他们认为它没有用便把它丢弃了。
　An abandoned baby was found in a box on the hospital steps.　在医院台阶上的一个盒子里发现了一个弃婴。
　The police found the abandoned car.　警察找到了那辆被丢弃的汽车。
　She threw off her cloak with an abandoned gesture.　她以一种放纵的姿势脱掉了斗篷。
　When her boyfriend left her, she felt very abandoned.　当男朋友离开她时，她觉得被抛弃了。
　The car was found abandoned near the village.　那辆汽车被发现丢弃在村子附近。

 ♣ abandon for　(v.+prep.)
　放弃〔停止〕…而从事〔进行〕…　stop sth to do a different thing
　She abandoned law for the fine arts.　她放弃法律而改学美术。
　In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.　他早年弃医从文。
　She abandoned paganism for Christianity.　她放弃异教而改信基督教。
　He abandoned the pen for the sword.　他投笔从戎。
　Contemplation was abandoned for action.　停止思考，起而行动。
 ♣ abandon to　(v.+prep.)
　使全然陷入　give (sth/sb/oneself) completely to (sth such as a feeling or condition, or sb)
　We won't abandon her to the mercy of the criminal.　我们不会弃她不顾而听任罪犯摆布。
　They abandoned the city to the conqueror.　他们把那个城市丢弃给征服者。
　They had to abandon their lands and property to the invading forces.　他们不得不放弃土地和财产，让侵略军占领。
　The affairs of the nation have been abandoned to dishonest politicians.　治国大权已落入诡诈的政客手中。
　The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.　研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。
　He abandoned his daughter to her fate.　他遗弃了女儿，任其受命运摆布。
　They abandoned us to our fate.　他们撒手不管，让我们听天由命。
　He abandoned it to its fate.　对此事他无可奈何，只得听其自然。
　He abandoned everyone else to their fate and fled to safety.　他不管他人死活，独自逃生。
　Don't abandon yourself to despair.　不要悲观失望。
　He abandoned himself to despair.　他陷入绝望。
　He abandoned himself to excessive grief.　他陷入过度的哀伤之中。
　After her mother died, she abandoned herself to grief.　母亲死后，她沉浸于悲痛之中。
　The rich man abandoned himself to pleasures.　这个有钱人沉溺于寻欢作乐。
　Do not abandon yourself to pleasures.　不可一味享乐。
　The young man abandoned himself to dissipation.　这个年轻人过着放荡的生活.
　They abandoned themselves to intemperance.　他们饮酒无度。
　She abandoned herself to the serene landscape.　她沉浸在宁静的景色之中。
　You should not abandon yourself to eating and drinking.　你不应该过于贪图吃喝。
　The sailors abandoned themselves to drinking.　水手们纵情饮酒。

 ♣ abandon, desert, forsake, give up, leave, quit
　参见desert条。

U 〈书〉放任；放纵an uncontrolled way of behaving that shows that sb does not care what other people think

　abandon　用作名词时的意思是“放任；尽情；任意；放纵”，常用于介词短语with〔in〕 abandon中。

　in ～　尽情地
　in gay ～　纵情地
　in wild ～　疯狂地
　with ～　尽情地；放纵地
　with a most charming ～　尽情地
　with careless ～　无所顾忌地
　with gay ～　纵情地
　with joyous ～　痛快地
　with passionate ～　尽情地
　with reckless ～　不计后果地；轻率地
　with wild ～　疯狂地

 ♣ with〔in〕 abandon
　尽情地；放纵地　in an uncontrolled way, as if you do not care what the result will be
　〔说明〕 本短语在句中多用作状语，abandon前常有形容词修饰。
　The child cried with abandon.　这孩子放声大哭。
　The kids were splashing paint with abandon.　孩子们任意地泼洒着颜料。
　The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won.　当他们的足球队踢赢时，球迷们便疯狂地欢呼。
　The food was consumed with joyous abandon.　大家痛快地将食物吃个精光。
　His supporters screamed with wild abandon.　替他捧场的人疯狂地尖叫。
　The children sang and danced with a most charming abandon that day.　那天孩子们尽情地唱歌跳舞，可爱极了。
　The football fans cheered with passionate abandon.　足球迷们热烈地尽情欢呼。
　The gypsies danced with gay abandon.　吉普赛人纵情地跳舞。
　The kids hurled pieces of wood on the fire with gay abandon.　孩子们尽情地往火堆里扔木块。
　He signed cheques with careless abandon.　他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
　This year holiday shoppers are spending money with reckless abandon.　今年的假日购物者花钱毫无顾忌。
　People were shouting and cheering in gay abandon.　人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。
　They shouted in wild abandon.　他们狂呼乱叫。
　The grapes grew in wild abandon.　葡萄长疯了。

　［派生词］ abandonment n.遗弃，放弃
　［同义词］ v. cast aside, desert, forsake, give up, leave behind, let go, quit, withdraw from, discontinue, drop, surrender, wash one's hands
　［反义词］ v. claim, hold, keep, possess, carry on, continue, maintain
　［词源］古法语abandoner（失去权威、力量）