1. C 原因，起因　 sth which produces an effect; a person, thing, or event that makes sth happen
2. U 缘故，理由　 sth that provides a satisfactory reason for an action
3. C 事业，原则，目标　 aim, principle or movement that is strongly defended or supported

　advance a ～　提出理由
　aid a ～　支持一个事业
　analyze a ～　分析原因
　appraise a ～　评价原因
　approach a ～　探讨原因
　assign a ～　确定原因
　attach a ～　把原因附加
　champion the ～　捍卫事业
　confuse a ～　混淆原因
　cure a ～　消除原因
　debate a ～　争论原因
　declare a ～　宣布原因
　defend a ～　保卫一个事业
　define a ～　解释原因
　demonstrate a ～　表明原因
　determine a ～　决定原因
　die for a ～　为事业而死，为事业献身
　discover a ～　发现原因
　display a ～　显示出原因
　eliminate a ～　排除原因
　eradicate a ～　除去原因
　establish the ～　确定原因
　estimate a ～　估计原因
　explain a ～　解释原因
　expose a ～　揭露原因
　favour a ～　赞成一项事业，有助于一项事业
　fight for a ～　为事业而战斗
　find a ～　找理由
　form a ～　形成理由
　further a ～　推进事业发展
　get a ～　获得理由
　guess a ～　猜测原因
　investigate a ～　调查原因
　judge a ～　判断原因
　make common a ～ with　与…合作，与…联合起来
　obliterate a ～　消除理由
　obviate a ～　排除理由
　overcome a ～　克服原因
　perceive a ～　看出原因
　plead a ～　为…辩护
　ponder the ～　思考原因
　present a ～　提出理由
　procure a ～　获得原因
　regard a ～　把理由看作…
　relieve a ～　解除原因
　remand a ～　发回（案件）至下级法院处理
　report a ～　报告理由
　reveal a ～　揭示原因
　reverse a ～　颠倒原因
　safeguard a ～　捍卫一个事业
　seek a ～　寻找原因
　serve a ～　为事业服务
　show a ～　提出理由
　support a ～　支持一个事业
　adequate ～　充分的理由
　basic ～　基本原因
　common ～　共同的事业
　final ～　最终目标，决定性原因
　good ～　正当的理由
　great ～　伟大的事业
　immediate ～　直接原因
　just ～　正义的事业
　lost ～　已告失败的事业
　main ～　主要原因
　material ～　物质的原因
　national ～　民族事业
　natural ～　自然原因，必然原因
　noble ～　崇高的事业
　primary ～　主要原因
　public ～　公共事业
　special ～　特殊的原因
　true ～　真正的原因
　unknown ～　未知的原因
　usual ～　通常的原因
　worthwhile ～　值得为之努力的事业
　root ～　根词/cn>

介词+～

　lay down one's life for a ～　为事业而献身
　for the ～　为事业
　all kinds of ～s　各种原因

～+介词

　～ of crime　犯罪的原因
　～ of peace　和平事业
　～ of the accident　造成事故的原因
　～ of the disease　发病的原因
　～ of the fire　失火的原因
　～ of war　战争的原因

　The detectives are trying to ascertain the cause.　侦探正设法查清原因。
　They have cleared up the cause.　他们已经搞清原因。
　There is no effect without a cause.　没有无原因的结果。
　You have no cause to complain.　你没有理由来抱怨。
　I don't think you have cause to worry.　我认为你没有担心的理由。
　Don't complain without cause.　不要无故发牢骚。
　Don't complain without good cause.　没有充分的理由就不要抱怨。
　The cause of the added tension was a signal on a radarscope.　增加紧张气氛的原因是雷达显示器上出现的信号。
　What was the cause of the fire?　火灾是怎么引起的?
　Police are investigating the cause of the explosion.　警方正在调查爆炸的原因。
　This is a cause of complaint.　这是抱怨的原因。
　She has been the cause of anxiety.　引起大家焦虑的是她。
　The apparent cause of her absence was a bad cold.　她缺席的原因表面上是患了重感冒。
　Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease.　吸烟是引起心脏病的一种原因。
　His drinking was the cause of the accident.　他饮酒是这个事故的原因。
　The Prime Minister proclaimed that a five-man committee had been founded to investigate the cause of the accident.　首相宣布已成立一个五人委员会来调查事故的原因。
　Every day I have to fight for the cause of increasing in pay.　每天我都必须为增加工资而卖力工作。
　He has done much research on the cause of this disease.　他对这一疾病的起因做了很多研究。
　We can't get rid of war unless we get rid of the causes of war.　除非消灭战争的根源，否则就不能避免战争。
　There is no cause for anxiety.　没有理由担心。
　This news was a cause for rejoicing.　这是个应当使人高兴的消息。
　There must be an internal cause for this change.　这个变化肯定有内因。
　They ticked off a few specific causes for the price spiral in their country.　他们列举了他们国内物价螺旋形上升的几个具体原因。
　They are fighting for a just cause.　他们在为正义的事业而斗争。
　They fought for the cause of peace.　他们为和平而战。
　He is engaged in a great and glorious cause.　他在从事一项伟大而光荣的事业。
　People hate those who unwittingly harm the cause of peace.　人们痛恨那些在不知不觉中危害和平事业的人。
　He dedicates himself whole-heartedly to the cause of science.　他全心全意地献身于科学事业。
　She is a zealous supporter of our cause.　她是我们事业的热心支持者。

 ♣ give cause
　给予…的理由　find a excuse (for sth)
　His failure at school gave his father cause to feel bitterly disappointed.　他在校成绩不佳，使他父亲深感失望。
 ♣ good cause
　高尚的目标　undertaking that deserves support
　I don't mind giving money to the Red Cross because I know it's for a good cause.　我不在乎捐钱给红十字会，因为我知道它有高尚的奋斗目标。
 ♣ lost cause
　败局已定的事业　undertaking that is bound to fail
　His attempt to row across the Atlantic in a bathtub was a lost cause right from the start!　他用澡盆横渡大西洋的企图从一开始就是注定要失败的！
　He wants very much to get a job in the film industry, and he takes no notice of me when I tell him it's a lost cause.　他很想在电影行业中找一份工作，我告诉他这是失败的事业，他却没把它放在心上。
 ♣ make common cause with
　和…合作；和…联合起来　cooperate with sb/sth; gang up
　We made common cause with neighbouring countries against the invaders.　我们和邻国团结一致共同抵抗入侵者。
　Many noblemen thought that by making common cause with those who were fighting against the king they would save their own castles from destruction.　许多贵族认为，与反对国王的人联合起来，他们就能保护好自己的城堡免遭破坏。

 ♣ cause for, cause of
　cause of　强调“原因”， cause for强调“理由”。例如：
　Nobody knew the cause of the explosion.　谁也不知道爆炸的原因。
　You have no cause for complaint.　你没有理由抱怨。
 ♣ cause, excuse, grounds, reason
　这组词都有“理由，原因”的意思。其区别在于：cause指造成一种事实或现象的比较直接的“原因，根源，起因”，它表示的原因是指导致某种结果的客观条件、情况、事件、力量等；reason强调“推理”，指对于某个情况或看法从逻辑推理上引出结论的“理由”; excuse指为了避免责任而设法辩解过错或设法使之显得轻微，指找出的“理由，原因”或“借口”; grounds指一种有根据的“理由”，有时可译作“原因”。例如：
　Give your reason for changing the plan.　把你改变计划的理由讲一下。
　He is always late, and always has an excuse.　他总是迟到，而且总有借口。
　I have not much grounds for believing the information.　我没有充分的依据去相信这个消息。

1. 疏忽是这次火灾的起因。
　［误］ The cause for the fire was carelessness.
　［正］ The cause of the fire was carelessness.
　［析］ cause指“起因”“原因”与of连用， cause指“理由”与for连用。
2. 他的成功缘于勤奋。
　［误］ The cause of his success was on account of his hard work.
　［正］ The cause of his success was his hard work.
　［正］ His success was on account of his hard work.
　［析］ the cause of和on account of都表示“原因”，故应该去掉on account of或the cause of，以避免重复。

1. vt.成为…的原因；导致　 be the reason why sth happens
2. vt.引起，促使，使发生　 make sth happen

　～ a phenomenon 　（使）产生一种现象
　～ an accident　造成事故
　～ calamity　酿成灾害
　～ diseases　引起疾病
　～ excitement　引起兴奋
　～ fright　引起惊慌
　～ great pain　引起剧痛
　～ mild sensation　引起不算大的轰动
　～ much discussion　引起议论
　～ one's death　导致死亡
　～ sb permanent paralysis　使某人终身瘫痪
　～ suspicion in one's mind　引起怀疑
　～ trouble to sb　给某人引起麻烦
　～ accidentally　意外地引起
　～ deliberately　故意地造成
　～ fundamentally　从根本上造成
　～ inadvertently　不经意地引起
　～ maliciously　蓄意地导致
　～ physically　自然地造成
　～ suddenly　忽然引起
　～ unavoidably　难免带来
　～ by　由…造成
　～ to　导致，造成，带来

　What caused his illness?　他怎么会病的?
　What caused his death?　他的死因是什么?
　Films can cause harm.　胶片可能造成损害。
　The fire caused much damage.　火灾招致重大损失。
　Sun, air and wind cause quick chemical changes.　太阳、空气和风引起快速的化学变化。
　The book caused great interest and argument.　这本书引起了人们的极大兴趣和争论。
　His speech was calculated to cause trouble.　他的讲话是有意制造麻烦。
　The swelling on her finger was caused by a foreign body in it.　她手指肿大是内有异物所致。
　Accidents are often caused by drivers who try to cut in.　司机超车抢行常常造成意外事故。
　It was learned that the great fire was caused by the carelessness of a housewife.　据悉那次火灾是由于一位主妇不慎而引起的。
　I'm afraid I am causing you much trouble.　我担心我给你增添麻烦。
　This car has caused me a lot of trouble.　这辆车给我带来不少麻烦。
　All that he did caused her much inconvenience.　所有这一切他都给她增添了麻烦。
　This has caused us much anxiety.　这事曾使我们极为担心。
　The operation unavoidably causes the patient much pain.　手术不免会导致病人更多的痛苦。
　He was sorry to think that he had caused her so much pain.　一想到给她带来这么多痛苦，他就内疚。
　Tom's actions caused his parents a great deal of anxiety.　汤姆的行为使他的父母极为忧虑。
　You've caused trouble to the family.　你给这个家庭带来了麻烦。
　You've caused a lot of trouble to all of us.　你给我们大家惹了许多麻烦。
　The lightning caused the baby to cry.　闪电把孩子吓哭了。
　The drought caused the vegetable prices to go up.　干旱导致蔬菜价格上涨。
　What caused him to change his mind?　是什么使他改变了主意?
　It is gravitation that causes the apple to fall.　是地心吸引力使苹果下落。
　The heaviness of his heart caused him to sleep deeply.　他心情忧郁，就沉沉入睡了。
　His illness caused him to miss the game.　他的病使他错过了比赛。
　The sound caused him to jump to his feet.　那声音使他一跃而起。
　You can touch a hibernating animal, or even pull its tail, without causing it to move or wake up.　你可以摸冬眠的动物，甚至拉它的尾巴，也不会使它动一动或醒来。
　We caused the roof to be mended.　我们叫人去补房顶。
　She caused her car to be fixed.　她叫人去修她的车。
　What caused him to be respected?　什么原因使他受到人们的尊敬?

 ♣ cause, get, make
　cause, make　和get都具有“使役”意义。其区别是：
1. cause强调的是什么原因使某人做某事；make则具有强制的意味，即强迫某人做什么事；get是指以说服或命令之方式让某人做某事。
2. 使用cause和get时，应当用cause〔get〕 sb to do sth句型，而使用make时，应当用make sb do sth句型。
 ♣ cause, drive
　参见drive条。

1. 什么原因使她脸这样红?
　［误］ What caused her blush like that?
　［正］ What caused her to blush like that?
　［析］ cause的宾语补足语中的不定式符号to不可省略。
2. 那使我快乐。
　［误］ That caused me happy.
　［正］ That caused me to be happy.
　［析］ cause不可接形容词作宾语补足语。
3. 这事使我有了反应。
　［误］ I was caused to reflect by incident.
　［正］ The incident caused me to reflect.
　［析］ cause后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不可以用在被动结构里。
4. 我因病缺席了一星期左右。
　［误］ I was absent for a week or so, caused by illness.
　［正］ I was absent for a week or so on account of illness.
　［析］ cause by不能当作副词使用。

　［同义词］ n. creation, ground, occasion, origin, reason, aim, object, purpose v. bring about, give rise to, originate
　［词源］　拉丁语causa（原因）