1. U 火　 the condition of burning, flames, light, or great heat
2. C 火灾，炉火，火堆　 a mass of burning material, lit either on purpose for cooking, heat, etc., or by accident
3. U 射击，炮火，火力　 shooting by guns; firing
4. U 热情，怒火，热心　 strong emotion, angry or excited feeling, enthusiasm

　arouse sb's ～　唤起某人的热情
　bring the ～ under control　把火势控制住
　build a ～　生火
　catch ～　着火
　cause a ～　引起火灾
　cease ～　停火
　escape a ～　幸免于火灾，未被大火烧死
　fan a ～　煽火
　fight a ～　救火，同火搏斗
　go through ～ and water　赴汤蹈火
　hang ～　犹豫不决，迟迟不动
　hold ～　忍着不表态
　keep away from ～　切勿近火
　light a ～　点火
　make a ～　生火
　open ～　开始，开火
　play with ～　玩火
　pour oil on ～　火上浇油
　prevent a ～　防止火灾，防火
　pull sth out of the ～　把某物从火中救出，转败为胜
　put in a ～　生气
　put out a ～　把火熄灭，扑灭火
　set ～ to sth　把某物点燃，使某物燃烧
　set sth on ～　放火烧某物
　start a ～　点火
　stop a ～　灭火，停火
　take ～　着火
　accidental ～　偶然的火灾
　blazing ～　熊熊烈火
　bright ～　明亮的火焰
　dangerous ～　危险的大火
　great ～　大火
　hot ～　烈火，炽热的火焰
　running ～　连发，连射，一连串的指责
　air-raid ～　空袭火力
　artillery ～　炮火
　camp ～　篝火
　forest ～　森林火灾
　ground ～　地面炮火
　machine-gun ～　机枪火力
　prairie ～　星星之火
　～ captain　消防队长
　～ line　森林地带防火线，火灾现场警戒线
　warm oneself at the ～　烤火
　between two ～s　腹背受敌
　full of ～　充满怒火
　the cause of the ～　火灾的原因
　on ～　失火，在燃烧
　cook the meat over the ～　在炉火上煮肉
　under ～　遭到炮火袭击，受到攻击
　burn it with ～　用火烧掉它
　a ～ of reproaches　一连串的指责
　～ of heaven　星星

　There is no smoke without fire.　无火不生烟，无风不起浪。
　Don't play with fire.　不要玩火。
　Animals are afraid of fire.　动物怕火。
　Keep away from fire!　切勿近火！
　A house is on fire in the next street.　邻街有间房子失火了。
　A fire broke out.　发生了一场火灾。
　The fire captain with his loyal men were cheered.　人们向消防队长和他的忠实队员欢呼致意。
　The weather is too warm for a fire.　天气很暖和，不用生火。
　Warm yourself by a fire.　在炉旁暖和暖和吧。
　Put some more coal on the fire.　给炉子加点煤。
　He has spent a lifetime fighting fires.　他干了一辈子消防工作。
　Look out for fire.　小心火灾。
　Have you insured your house against fire?　你为自己的房子投保火险了吗?
　The enemy were exposed to our machine gun fire.　敌人暴露在我军的机枪火力之下。
　The enemy plane was forced down by our ground fire.　我们的地面火力迫使敌机降落。
　We gave him covering fire as he dashed across the clearing.　我们用火掩护他冲过空地。
　His speech lacked fire.　他的讲话缺乏热情。
　Her eyes were full of fire.　她的眼中充满了怒火。
　The fire of his speech is concentrated on recisionism.　他的讲话集中火力批判修正主义。
　This article is full of words of fire.　这是一篇激情语言的文章。
　This bittersweet quality fuels his artistic fires.　这种悲喜交加的音色激起了他的艺术激情。

 ♣ be on fire
　〔说明〕 本习语中fire是火的统称，不可数。
1. 着火，失火 be burning
　The house is on fire!　房子着火了！
　Noticing that the building was on fire, a passer-by summoned the fire brigade.　一个过路人发现楼房着火了，就报告给消防队。
2. 情绪激昂 be excited
　The islanders were on fire and determined to fight against the attackers.　岛上的人情绪激昂，决心与入侵者战斗一场。
 ♣ between two fires
　腹背受敌　being shot at from two directions
　They decided to retreat lest they would be between two fires.　他们决定退却，否则就要受两面夹击。
 ♣ catch fire
　着火，燃烧　be burning
　Paper is apt to catch fire.　纸容易着火。
　The little girl was severely burned when her dress caught fire.　小女孩的衣服着了火，被严重烧伤了。
 ♣ get on like a house on fire
1. 发展迅速 develop fast
　Johnny is getting on like a house on fire in French.　约翰尼的法语进步十分快。
2. 一见如故 feel like old friend at the first meeting
　We got on like a house on fire.　我们一见如故。
 ♣ go through fire and water
　赴汤蹈火　face great hardship and danger
　They were always ready to go through fire and water for the sake of the friends.　他们随时准备为朋友赴汤蹈火。
　I go through fire and water for my Mildred.　为了我的米尔列德我愿意赴汤蹈火。
　Jim worships Mary, he would go through fire and water for her.　吉姆崇拜玛丽，他愿意为她赴汤蹈火。
 ♣ open fire on
　向…开枪　start shooting
　It would not have surprised me if someone had opened fire on us from an upstairs window.　假如有人从楼上的窗户向我们开枪，我不会觉得意外。
 ♣ play with fire
　玩火，铤而走险　take great risks
　Any student who tries to cheat the examiner is playing with fire.　想要欺骗监考老师的任何学生都是冒险。
 ♣ pull out of the fire
　（使）转败为胜　make sth successful in spite of difficulties
　We just managed to pull the game out of the fire.　我们好不容易才扭转了这场比赛的败局。
 ♣ set fire to
　放火烧，点着了…　be burning
　The police hasn't found out who set fire to the storehouse.　警方还没查出是谁放火烧了仓库。
　Setting fire to the letter, he made her watch it burn.　他点火烧那些信时让她看着那信燃烧。
 ♣ set on fire
1. 使燃烧 make sth burning
　Some sparks from a passing train set the haystack on fire.　一列过往的火车迸发出一些火花点着了干草堆。
2. 使情绪激动 make sb have excited feeling
　The orator set the audience on fire.　演讲者使听众情绪激昂。
 ♣ take fire
1. 着火，燃烧 be burning
　First the curtains took fire and then the bedclothes.　窗帘首先着了火，接着被单也着火了。
2. 激动起来，激情冲动 become excited
　The audience took fire at his words.　观众听了他的话群情激昂。
　When the eye perceives a lovely being, the heart takes fire.　一见美人，欲火熊熊。
 ♣ under fire
1. 在炮火攻击下，受到攻击 being shot
　The government's plans came under fire from the opposition.　政府的计划受到反对派的猛烈攻击。
2. 受到指责 be blamed
　The Government's plans came under fire from the opposition.　政府的计划受到反对派的攻击。
　The basic policy is under fire.　这项基本政策受到了攻击。

 ♣ set on fire, catch fire
　这两个短语都可表示“燃烧”。其区别是：前者表示使动，意思是“使燃烧”，可以是故意的或意外的；后者表示自动，意思是“燃烧”，一般是意外的。例如：
　The house caught fire.　这房子失火了。
　The despot set his house on fire before he took to flight.　恶霸逃跑前，放火烧了自己的房子。
 ♣ set on fire, be on fire
　这两者都表示“使燃烧”。其区别是：前者强调动作；后者强调状态。例如：
　The houses were set on fire by the enemy.　房子被敌人放火烧了。
　The houses were on fire.　房子着火了。
 ♣ on fire, on the fire
　这两个短语的意思有区别：on fire的意思是“着火”“情绪激昂”; on the fire的意思是“尚未决定”“在准备中”。例如：
　His voice sounded louder and higher, as if he were on fire with eagerness and anger.　他的声音越来越大，越来越尖，好像他很生气，非常激动的样子。
　He has a new novel on the fire.　他正准备写一部新小说。
 ♣ set fire, light
　这两个词（组）都可表示“点燃”。其区别是：set fire可表示意外或故意烧着了或点燃了某东西，如房子、衣服等；而light表示点燃香烟、炉灶、蜡烛等。例如：
　He lit a cigarette.　他点燃了一支香烟。
　Who set fire to the house?　是谁纵火烧这房子的?

1. 告诉他生个火。
　［误］ Tell him to do a fire.
　［正］ Tell him to make a fire.
　［析］ 表示“生火”动词用make，而不能用do.
2. 请借个火点烟。
　［误］ Give me a fire for my pipe.
　［正］ Give me a light for my pipe.
　［析］ 点烟用的火用light，不用fire.

1. vt. & vi.开火；射击　 shoot off bullets; discharge; explore
2. vt.〈口〉解雇　 dismiss from a job

　～ ahead　开始提问，继续射击
　～ fearfully　可怕地发火
　～ mortally　极其生气
　～ suddenly　突然爆发出
　～ away　开始提问，继续射击
　～ away at the enemy　不断向敌人开火
　～ away with sb's questions　提问题
　～ back in self-defence　自卫还击
　～ off　结束
　～ sb out　把…开除
　～ up　生火，点火，发火，突然爆发
　～ at　向…开火（射击）
　～ sb for sth　因某事而解雇某人
　～ from　被…开除
　～ into　向…开火〔射击〕
　～ on〔upon〕　向…开火〔射击〕
　～ over　朝…上方射击
　～ sth towards　把某物射向
　～ with creative inspiration　爆发出创作灵感

　There was no one to fire for them.　没有人替他们烧火。
　Damp wood will not fire.　潮湿的木头不会着火。
　The gun fired.　这门炮开火了。
　The officer ordered his men to fire.　军官命令他的士兵开枪。
　We'll fire if you come any nearer.　你再走近，我们就要开枪了。
　The captain ordered his man to start firing.　上尉命令士兵开火。
　The engine will not fire.　这台发动机发动不起来。
　The engine is only firing on three cylinders.　这发动机只有三个汽缸工作。
　The police fired in an attempt to disperse the crowd.　警察开枪想驱散群众。
　The bandits fired a house.　土匪们烧了一所房子。
　He fired a shot.　他开了一枪。
　He fired two shots, both missed.　他打了两枪，都没有打中。
　Who fired the first shot?　谁开的第一枪?
　The captain ordered his men to fire a salute.　船长命令部下鸣放礼炮。
　They fired poisoned arrows at us.　他们向我们射出毒箭。
　They fired 1500 shells.　他们发射了1500发炮弹。
　His laziness fired her temper.　他的懒惰使她发了脾气。
　What fired your ambition to write the novel?　是什么激发了你的雄心去写那部小说的?
　Her stories fired the little boy's imagination.　她的故事激发起小男孩的想象力。
　Her speech fired the crowd's admiration.　她的讲话引起了众人的赞赏。
　I fired him.　我辞退了他。
　The manager fired Bob because he was always late for work.　鲍勃因上班总迟到而被经理解雇。
　The gun was fired.　开枪了。
　Modern missiles can be fired from air, land or sea.　现代的导弹可以从空中、地面或海上发射。
　He was fired by patriotism.　爱国主义激情在他胸中燃烧。
　She was fired on the spot.　她被当场解雇了。
　He was fired when he loafed on the job.　他因工作不认真而被开除。
　Jim was fired for inciting other workers to rise against their boss.　吉姆因鼓动其他工人反对老板而被解雇了。
　Workers who breathed a word of it were instantly fired.　工人们谁对此事说一个字马上就被开除。
　The cook was fired for being incompetent.　那位厨师因没有能力而被解雇。
　Tom was fired for his carelessness.　汤姆由于粗心大意而被解雇了。
　Sorry to tell you, but you are fired from the office.　很遗憾地告诉你，你被解雇了。

 ♣ fire at　(v.+prep.)
1. 瞄准（某人或某物）；朝（某人或某物）射击 aim; shoot at
　The robber fired at him but missed him.　那强盗向他开枪，但没有打着。
　She learns to fire at birds.　她学着开枪打鸟。
　The soldiers fired at the house until the enemy came out.　战士们朝那所房子射击，直到敌人出来。
　He took careful aim and fired at the rabbit.　他仔细瞄准，然后向兔子开枪射击。
　The soldiers were firing at the target.　士兵们向目标连续射击。
　He fired his pistol at me.　他向我开枪。
　Fire the gun at the enemy.　对着敌人开炮。
　He fired his gun at the target.　他朝着目标开了枪。
　Fire most of your shots at the middle of the ship.　集中火力，朝船的中部射击。
　The gunman fired three bullets at the police.　那个持枪歹徒向警察开了三枪。
2. 向（某人）提出（问题等） direct sth to sb
　From time to time he fired questions at me.　他不时向我提出许多问题。
　A young American fired questions at us about agriculture.　一位年轻的美国人向我们提出了许多关于农业的问题。
　The lawyer fired questions at the witness.　律师向证人提出一连串的问题。
 ♣ fire away　(v.+adv.)
1. 连续射击 shoot continuously
　We kept firing away at the enemy until they retreated.　直到敌人撤退后，我们才停止射击。
　The troops were firing away at the advancing enemy.　部队连续不断地向步步进逼的敌人开火。
　The enemy were firing away at nothing.　敌人漫无目标地一个劲儿开枪。
2. 〈非正〉开始；热烈地谈；发问 begin especially speak; talk actively or ask question
　〔说明〕 fire away作此解时不用于进行体。
　Fire away!　赶快讲吧！
　We are all ready to listen to you, so fire away!　我们都准备好听你说，快讲吧！
　All right, fire away with your questions.　好吧，你们尽管问吧。
　All right, fire away, old chap, I'm listening.　好吧，伙计，说吧，我听着呢。
　He hesitated for a time, but I told him to fire away and tell me what had happened.　他犹豫了一会儿，但我让他快说，把发生的情况告诉我。
　I'm ready to answer questions, fire away.　我准备回答问题，请随便问吧。
　If anyone has any question, fire away.　如果谁还有什么问题，尽管提出来吧！
 ♣ fire into　(v.+prep.)
　朝…里射击　(cause to) shoot into (sth such as the air or a group)
　The police fired into the crowd.　警察向人群里开枪。
　The police fired into the air in an attempt to disperse the crowd.　警察朝天鸣枪以驱散人群。
　He ran into the bank and fired his gun into the air.　他冲进银行，向空中开枪。
　The huge rockets were fired into the air from a place in Europe.　巨型火箭从欧洲发射基地发射到空中。
 ♣ fire off　(v.+adv.)
　接二连三地提问〔射击〕　make them rapidly, one after another
　Our militia fired off volley after volley from anti-aircraft artillery.　我民兵的高射炮连续进行射击。
　They fired off so many questions at him that he hardly knew what to do.　他们连珠炮似地问了他许多问题，弄得他不知所措。
　No sooner had the speaker finished than a person in the audience fired off half a dozen questions at him.　演讲者刚刚讲完话，一个听众一连向他提出了六个问题。
　His answers were fired off even more quickly than the questions had been.　他的答复一个接着一个，甚至比人家提问还要快。
 ♣ fire on〔upon〕　(v.+prep.)
　朝…射击　shoot at (sb/sth)
　When ordered to fire on the mobs some of the soldiers refused to do so.　当被命令向暴民射击时，有一些士兵拒绝这样做。
　The enemy fired on the town.　敌人向城市里开火。
　Fire upon the fort.　向那座碉堡开火。
　They are firing upon the enemy works.　他们正向敌人的工事开火。
 ♣ fire over　(v.+prep.)
　朝…的上方射击　shoot in a direction above (sth)
　The soldiers were ordered to fire over the head of the crowd.　士兵们受命朝人群头顶上射击。
 ♣ fire up　(v.+adv.)
1. 点火，点燃 light sth up
　We had better fire up the furnace.　我们最好把炉子生起来。
　He fired up a cigarette and went on with his work.　他点了一支香烟，然后又接着工作了。
2. 发动（机器） start
　We are having difficulty in firing up the ship's engines.　我们很难发动这台机器的引擎。
3. 突然生气，勃然大怒 get up
　Don't fire up like that, no one wants to hurt your feelings.　别发那么大的火，没人想使你伤心。
　She often fired up for trifles.　她常为小事生气。
　He fired up as soon as he saw me.　他一见到我就发火。
　He hated the noise and always fired up at the sound.　他讨厌噪音，经常一听到声音就发火。
　She fired up at the least thing.　她为一点点的小事就会发怒。
　She has a quick temper; such little things will fire her up.　她脾气暴躁，这种小事就会使她发火。
 ♣ fire with　(v.+prep.)
　使（某人）满怀（某种激情）　fill (sb) with (an excited feeling)
　His speech fired the people with keenness for the plan.　他的发言引起了人们对这个计划的强烈兴趣。
　He was fired with the wish to visit China.　他被激起了访问中国的希望。
　He demanded that he himself be fired with the spirit of whole-heartedly serving the people.　他要求自己具备全心全意为人民服务的精神。

 ♣ fire at, fire on
　这两个短语都表示“向…射击〔开火〕”。其区别是：fire on后面常接炮击的对象往往是炮台、船只、城市、人群等；fire at射击的对象往往是人、动物或某一场合。
 ♣ fire, ignite, inflame, kindle, light
　这组词的意思都与“燃烧”有关。其区别是：
1. fire多用于口语中，表示迅速燃烧起来，并产生通红的颜色；light是普通用语，指发光或发热；kindle指需较长时间或事先要做一定准备方能点燃。例如：
　Someone fired the building.　有人放火烧了那栋楼房。
　She lighted the candles.　她把蜡烛点燃。
　The spark kindled the dry wood.　火星燃着干柴。
2. ignite多用于科技方面，指来势凶猛的燃烧，或与易燃物接触后所引起的燃烧；inflame则多用于文学作品中，指激起强烈的感情。例如：
　Spontaneous combustion ignited the heap of oil-soaked rags in the basement.　自燃使得地下室渍油的破布堆燃烧起来了。
　Her question seemed to inflame him all the more.　她的问题似乎使他更加恼火了。

　［同义词］ n. barrage, burning, light, sparkle, enthusiasm, excitement v. activate, boot out, set off, shoot
　［词源］　古英语fyr （火）