1. vt.获得，赢得　 obtain sth useful, necessary, earned, etc.
2. vt. & vi.增加；获利　 have an increase in sth
3. vt. & vi.（钟表）走快　 (of a watch or clock) work too fast (by an amount of time)
4. vt.抵达　 reach (a place), especially with effort or difficulty

　～ a living　谋生，维持生计
　～ a prize　获奖
　～ a wide knowledge　获得广博的知识
　～ approval　得到批准〔认可〕
　～ ground　有进步，有起色，占优势
　～ impetus　获得动力
　～ land from sea　围海滩垦地
　～ momentum　获得势头
　～ one's interest　获得利益
　～ one's point　贯彻自己的意见
　～ permission　获得准许
　～ possession of sth　获得〔占有〕某物
　～ recognition　得到承认
　～ sb's attention　吸引某人注意
　～ speed　增加速度
　～ strength　恢复体力
　～ success　获得成功
　～ the battle　打胜仗
　～ time　（故意）拖延时间，争取时间，（钟表）走得快
　～ wealth　获得财富
　～ weight　（人）发胖，（牲畜）长膘
　～ wind　占上风
　～ a lot　大有好转
　～ daily　一天天好转
　～ finally　最终到达
　～ greatly　收获很大
　～ obviously　显然有利
　～ significantly　大大提高
　～ steadily　稳步赶上
　～ over　把…争取到自己一边，说服
　～ by　从…中获得利益
　～ from　在…收获，从…中获益
　～ in　增加，增进，积累，获得，在…方面增进
　～ in experience　积累经验
　～ in favour　更加受欢迎
　～ in health　恢复健康
　～ in influence　扩大影响
　～ in knowledge　增长知识
　～ in speed　增加速度
　～ in strength　恢复体力
　～ in weight　增加体重
　～ on〔upon〕　接近，逼近，逐渐赶上，追上，跑得比…快，超过
　～ on sb in a race　比赛中赶上某人
　～ an advantage over　胜过，占优势，占上风
　～ with an effort　努力获得

　This clock neither gains nor loses.　这钟不快不慢。
　The man gained a lot in the business, but he lost the respect of his friends.　那个人做这买卖赚了很多钱，但他却失去了朋友们对他的尊敬。
　He gained the rank of Colonel.　他获得上校军衔。
　Many countries have gained national independence after prolonged struggles.　许多国家经过长期斗争而获得了民族独立。
　I gained my experience.　我获得了经验。
　To gain a complete mastery of English, one must study very hard.　要想精通英语就必须刻苦努力。
　They gained the game with ease.　他们很轻松地赢得了这场比赛。
　He fought bravely in many battles and gained their respect.　在多次战役中他英勇作战，从而赢得了大家的尊敬。
　He gained the admiration of the whole world.　他受到全世界的钦佩。
　The soldiers fought hard and began to gain ground.　士兵们奋力作战，开始占领敌军阵地。
　The sick man gained ground after being near death.　那病人在生命垂危之后又挺了过来。
　Under strict management his business gained ground.　在严格的管理下，他的生意有了起色。
　He has had a hard time in his new business but he is gaining ground now.　他起初干这一行时吃了一些苦头，现在有进展了。
　The car is gaining speed.　那辆轿车正在加速。
　Within two weeks, she gained five pounds in weight.　两周内她的体重增加了5磅。
　My watch gains two minutes every day.　我的表每天快两分钟。
　The swimmer gained the shore.　游泳者游到了岸边。
　We cut a path through the forest and gained the river next day.　我们在林中辟出一条小路，于第二天到达河边。
　Finally we gained the summit of the mountain.　我们终于到达了山顶。
　Our car gained the main street.　我们的车子开到大马路上。
　Having overcome a lot of difficulties we gained our destination at last.　克服了许多困难之后我们终于到达了目的地。
　Nothing can be gained without an effort.　没有不劳而获的东西。
　His persistence gained him victory.　他的毅力使他获得了胜利。
　Her talent and hard work gained her success as an artist.　她作为一名艺术家，靠其天资和勤奋获得了成功。
　His misfortune gained him much sympathy.　他的不幸使他得到许多同情。

 ♣ gain by　(v.+prep.)
　通过…而取得进展　be improved by sth
　You can only gain by further study.　只有更进一步地学习，你才能提高。
　Your side has obviously gained by the change.　这一改变对你方显然有利。
　The man supplying the capital expected to gain considerably by the enterprise.　提供资金的人期望从企业中得到相当大的收益。
　We gain our experience by degrees.　我们的经验是逐步得来的。
　He gained entry into the building by means of a bribe to the guard.　他通过贿赂卫兵而获准进入大楼。
　He gained his livelihood by teaching English.　他靠教英语为生。
　A good command of English can only be gained by constant practice.　只有不断地实践才能对英语应用自如。
　There is nothing to be gained by waiting any longer.　再等待也没有什么好处。
 ♣ gain from　(v.+prep.)
　从…获得利益　take advantage from
　He hopes to gain from his crime.　他想靠犯罪牟利。
　They will gain from the training.　在那种训练中，他们会有长进的。
　The students gained from military training.　学生们在军训中有收获。
　They gained greatly from this experiment.　在这次实验中，他们收获很大。
　I gained a good deal of enlightenment from him.　我从他那里获得许多启迪。
　I gained a lot from my former experiences.　我从以前的经验中受益匪浅。
　Men gained rich experience both from their success and from their failures.　人们从成功和失败中获得丰富的经验。
　He gained all this information from books, not from direct experience.　这些知识他都是从书本里，而不是从直接体验中学来的。
 ♣ gain ground　(v.+n.)
　前进，取得进步　go forward; make progress
　At last our men began to gain ground, forcing the enemy back towards the river.　最后，我方士兵开始推进，迫使敌人向河边退去。
 ♣ gain in　(v.+prep.)
　在…（方面）增加；增长　increase in
　You gained in wheat but lost in cotton.　你们在小麦方面赢利，在棉花方面却亏损。
　He is gaining in weight after his recovery from illness.　他病愈以后体重增加了。
　They have gained in strength.　他们的力量增强了。
　Alfred is a person who never seems to gain in wisdom, no matter how painful the results of his actions may be.　艾尔弗雷德是这样一个人，不管他的行为会产生多么痛苦的后果，似乎都不会使他聪明些。
　She has already gained some experience in teaching.　她已取得一些教学经验。
 ♣ gain on〔upon〕　(v.+prep.)
　〔说明〕 gain on〔upon〕通常不用于被动结构。
1. 赶上，缩短距离 reduce the distance between oneself and a competitor
　The horsemen were rapidly gaining on their enemy.　骑兵很快就赶上他们的敌人。
　The policeman was slowly gaining on him.　那警察在慢慢地向他逼近。
　The police started chasing the criminals and soon gained on them in their faster car.　警察开始追捕罪犯，他们的汽车开得比罪犯的快，不一会儿便赶上了他们。
　I couldn't go any faster, even though the car behind was gaining on us.　尽管后面的汽车越来越逼近我们，我也没法开得更快了。
　We are gaining upon them. I think we shall soon catch up with them.　我们离他们越来越近了，我想我们很快就会赶上他们的。
　After pumping for one whole night with the water still gaining upon them, the sailors gave up in despair.　水手们抽水抽了整整一夜之后水仍然抽不净，他们便绝望地停下来不干了。
　The second horse is gaining on the leader, and may pass it and win!　第二匹赛马快要追上头匹马了，可能会超过它而取胜！
　The submarine was gaining on us, and a shell landed only a hundred yards or so astern of us.　那艘潜艇向我们逼近，一发炮弹就落在我舰后面大约100码的海上。
2. 逐渐侵蚀 gradually corrode or erode
　The sea has been gaining on the east coast of England for many years.　多年来海洋不断侵蚀英格兰的东海岸。
　The sea is gaining on the land along the coast.　大海侵蚀着沿岸的陆地。
3. 超过 outstrip; surpass; exceed
　He continued to gain on the rest of the runners.　他继续跑在其他运动员前面。
　The cyclist is reserving his strength for the last round when he will gain on his opponent.　自行车运动员把力量保留起来，准备用在最后一圈超过对手。
　It is impossible for a small company to gain on the big one while business is so inactive.　商业如此不景气，一个小公司要想超过大公司是不可能的。
　In winter, the night gains on the day.　冬天，黑夜比白天长。
 ♣ gain over¹　(v.+adv.)
　争取过来　win over; convert
　〔说明〕 gain over通常不用于被动结构。
　They have gained him over.　他们把他争取了过来。
　They gained him over in the debate.　他们在辩论中说服了他。
　They expect to gain over a lot of converts.　他们指望能争取许多改变信仰的人。
　The new leader's popularity gained over many members of the opposing party.　新领导深孚众望，把反对党的许多成员都争取过来了。
　I don't think you will succeed in gaining him over to our side.　我认为你无法将他争取到我们这一边来。
 ♣ gain over²　(v.+prep.)
　争取过来　win over; convert
　Tom is trying to gain an advantage over me by getting Dick's support.　汤姆想通过得到迪克的支持而胜过我。

 ♣ gain, achieve, acquire, attain, earn, get, obtain, secure, win
　参见achieve条。

1. U 获益；增财　 the act of making a profit; increase in wealth
2. C 利润；增加　 a profit; increase in amount

　gain　作“盈利”解时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义。gain表示具体的数量、力量等的“增加，增进”“利润”时是可数名词，常可用复数形式。

　achieve ～s　得到利益
　consolidate one's ～s　巩固自己的成果
　count one's ～s　计算收益
　nullify a ～　使无利可图
　seek ～　牟利
　considerable ～s　显著提高
　enormous ～　巨大的收获
　gradual ～　逐渐加快
　ill-gotten ～s　不义之财
　personal ～　个人利益
　petty ～s　小便宜
　substantial ～　巨大的进展
　tangible ～　实际的收益
　tremendous ～　巨大的收获
　capital ～s　资本收益
　economic ～s　经济收益
　material ～s　物质利益
　voltage ～s　电压增高
　greedy after ～　贪得无厌
　greedy for ～　贪得无厌
　be blinded by the love of ～　利令智昏
　greedy of ～　贪得无厌
　a ～ in efficiency　效率的增加
　a ～ in weight　体重增加
　a ～ of one pound　增加一磅
　a ～ to knowledge　知识的增进
　a ～ to one's happiness　幸福的增进

　He put a lot of money into the firm with the hope of gain in the future.　他在这家公司投资很多，希望以后获得利润。
　The gain is greater than the loss.　收益大于损失。
　A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.　吃一堑，长一智。
　We shouldn't seek after comfort, personal fame and gain.　我们不应该贪图安逸，追名逐利。
　He prefers the public welfare to personal gain.　他把公众福利放在个人利益之上。
　He will do anything for gain.　只要有利可图，他什么事都干得出来。
　He did it as much out of kindness as for financial gain.　他既是出于好意也是为了经济利益而做了此事。
　Gains cannot offset losses.　得不偿失。
　No gains without pains.　不劳则无获。
　His ill-gotten gains have made him a rich man.　他的不义之财使他成了富翁。
　They see gains of five to ten per cent this spring.　今春他们的利润增长百分之五到百分之十。
　A gain in health is a good thing.　增强体质是一件好事。
　The gain in weight of the cattle over a period of weeks was recorded.　牛在几周的时间内所增加的重量都做了记录。
　Increase of wealth is not always a gain to one's happiness.　财富的增加并非总是幸福的增加。
　The baby had a gain of half a pound in weight last week.　这个婴儿上周长了半磅。
　Stocks this week has shown a significant gain over last week's prices.　本周股票价格比上周显著上扬。
　There has been a gain of two cents in the value of the pound against the dollar.　英镑与美元兑换的比价增加了2美分。
　Unemployment was high despite the gains of the civil rights movement.　尽管民权运动有所进展，失业率仍然很高。
　The price of gold fell again today following yesterday's gains.　黄金价格继昨天回升之后今天再度下跌。
　Agriculture has made rapid gains in recent years.　最近几年农业迅速取得了成效。
　We must consolidate and expand our gains in trade.　我们必须巩固和扩大贸易的收益。

　［同义词］ v. achieve, advance, capture, earn, gather, get, increase, progress, reach, win n. achievement, advancement, benefit, improvement, income, return, winnings
　［反义词］ v. lose n. loss, losses
　［词源］　古法语gaaignier（赚得）