| 词组 | one |
| 释义 | 1．关于 one 和 a 的区别，参见 a, an 20 下面两句里的 a 和 an 不可改作 one： About a thousand people attended the lecture. We spent nearly an hour in the park. 2．下面两句里都有 a： This book is a good one. This book is such a one as is needed by every student of English. 但下面两句里都没有 a： He has many books, I want to borrow one. This book is one that is needed by every student of English. 你也许要问是否可以说 This book is the one that is needed by every student of English。有 the 和没有 the 全句的意思不同：没有 the，全句的意思是“这是一本每一个研究英语的人所需要的书”。有了 the，全句的意思是“这便是那每一个研究英语的人所需要的（唯一的）书”。 可以说a good one，也可以说one good one。 3．不可说 my one(s), your one(s), his one(s) 等，也不可说 John's one(s), Smith's one(s), John Smith's one(s) 等，如不可说： Your cat is black, my one is white. All his friends are artists, all her ones are teachers. My house is larger than John's one. His books are kept downstairs, and his brother's ones are kept upstairs. 第一句里的 my one 该改作 mine，第二句里的 her ones 该改作 hers，第三句里的 one 和第四句里的 ones 都该删去。 但假使在那 one 或 ones 前面加上了形容词，那 one 或 ones 便用得不错，而且不可省去。例如： Your cat is black, my young one is white. All his friends are artists, all her new ones are teachers. My house is larger than John's red one. His books are kept downstairs, and his brother's English ones are kept upstairs. 4．these ones 和 those ones 很不普通，最好不说，把 ones 删去： These ones are too small. I want those ones. 但假使在 ones 前面加上了形容词，那 ones 便不可省去。例如： These green ones are too small. I want those black ones. 5．注意下面两句里用 have 和 are，不用 has 和 is： This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject. She is one of the few girls who are acquainted with the old poet. 第一句里的 that 指 books，不指 one，所以该用 have，第二句里的 who 指 girls，不指 one，所以该用 are。但注意下面两句里用 has 和 is，不用 have 和 are： This is the one of the books on the subject that has ever been written in Chinese. She is the only one of the few girls of my acquaintance that is acquainted with the old poet. 第一句里的 that 指 the one，不指 books，所以用 has，第二句里的 that 指 the only one，不指 girls，所以用 is。 6．注意下面各种表达方式的结构： one of the best, if not the best, of books, one of the best books, if not the best, one of the, if not the, best of books, one of the, if not the, best books, one of the, if not the, best book, one of the best, if not the best, books, one of the best, if not the best, book 第一种表达方式和第二种表达方式不错。第三种表达方式不对，因为 best 兼指单数和复数。第四种表达方式不对，因为 if not the 只能等于 if not the best books，不能等于 if not the best book。第五种表达方式不对，因为 one of the best book 当然不通。第六种表达方式不对，因为 if not the best 只能等于 if not the best books，不能等于 if not the best book。第七种表达方式不对，因为 one of the best book 当然不通。 7．注意下面各句里的斜体部分： One should take care of one's health. One should take care of his health. One of them does not take care of his health. One of them does not take care of her health. One who does not take care of his health is likely to be ill at any time. He behaves like one who never takes care of his health. She behaves like one who never takes care of her health. One has to say here that one always takes care of one's health. 第一句和第二句意思相同，One 都指“任何人”。第一句里用 one's 是英国用法，第二句里用 his 是美国用法。但这种“美国用法”并不限于美国，在苏格兰也很普通，在二三百年前，在英国也很普通，现在也还有许多英国人用。有下面四点该注意： （1）既然用 one's 指“任何人”的 one，同样地也用 one 和 oneself。例如：One must occasionally do things that one dislikes.和 One should learn to express oneself clearly. （2）在 one 指“任何人”的时候，不可用 they, them, their 或 themselves 指它，如不可说 One should take care of their health。 （3）不可用 one, one's 或 oneself 指 anyone, everyone, noone 或 someone，如不可说 Everyone should take care of one's health，该把 one's 改作 his。 （4）句子里多用了 one 和 one's 往往不自然：如One knows one's friends will help one if one is in trouble, or at least one hopes one's friends will help one 嫌不自然。 第三句里用 his，因为指男子。第四句里用 her，因为指女子。one of them 的是男是女或者非男非女当然一定，one 并非指“任何人”，his 或 her 或者 its 决不可改作 one's。假使 one of them 里的 them 包括男和女，说话者又不能确定那 one of them 是男是女，那末该用 his or her。例如：One of them does not take care of his or her health. 第五句里的 One 虽然也指“任何人”，但因为后面有 who...这一从句，习惯用 he, him 和 himself 指它。 第六句里用 his，因为指男子。第七句里用 her，因为指女子。 第八句实际等于I have to say here that I always take care of my health。这种用法有人以为是不正当的。下面各句里都有这用法： One is rather busy just now. One is glad to have done it. He told me so, and one was very glad. One regards him as one's best friend. 8．one or two 被当作复数形式。例如：There are one or two things that I have to mention. one or two 通常作“若干”解，很少作“一或二”解。 9．关于 one...the other...和the one...the other...，下面几点该注意： （1）说“一个”和“另一个”而不说明“前后”通常用 one...and the other ...。例如：I have two brothers, one is fifteen and the other is eleven.但也有人在 one 前面加上 the。 （2）说明“前后”必须用the one...the other...。例如：I have two brothers, Paul and Richard, the one（指 Paul）is fifteen and the other（指 Richard）is eleven. （3）在（2）里看来，the one 指“前者”，the other 指“后者”，这是现代英语里的用法。从前却把 the one 指“后者”，the other 指“前者”。 |
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英语用法大全包含3532条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。