| 词组 | so |
| 释义 | 1．so beautiful a garden 比a so beautiful garden 普通而自然，参见 a，an 23。不可说so beautiful gardens 和so good poetry，该把 so 改作 such。通常不说my so beautiful garden，该改作 my garden，which is so beautiful。 2．关于 He is not so old as she 和 He is not as old as she。参见 as 6 3．可以说 I am busy, so I cannot go with you。不可说As I am busy, so I cannot go with you，参见 as 8 4．关于 Here is so big a stone as no man can lift 和 Here is so big a stone that no man can lift it，参见 as 11 5．下面第一句里的 so ... as to ...表示目的，第二句里的 so ... as to ……可以表示目的，也可以表示结果，第三句里的 so ... as to...表示结果： I will write so carefully as to make my meaning clear. I always write so carefully as to make my meaning clear. I never write so carelessly as not to make my meaning clear. 第一句可以改作 I will write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear。第二句可以改作 I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear（表示目的）或 I alwasys write so carefully that I make my meaning clear（表示结果）。第三句可以改作 I never write so carelessly that I do not make my meaning clear。 下面第一句里的 so as to……表示目的，第二句里的 so as to……可以表示目的，也可以表示结果，第三句里的 so as to……表示结果。 He tried to shout so as to be heard all along the street. He shouted so as to be heard all along the street. He was afraid of making any noise so as to be heard by the baby. 第一句可以改作 He tried to shout so that he might（或could）be heard all along the street。第二句可以改作 He shouted so that he might be heard all along the street（表示目的）或 He shouted so that he was heard all along the street（表示结果）。第三句可以改作 He was afraid of making any noise so that he might（或could）be heard by the baby。 6．下面五句意思相仿： He was so angry as not to be able to speak. He was so angry that he could not speak. He was angry, so he could not speak. He was angry, and so he could not speak. He could not speak, he was so angry. 下面几点该注意： （1）第一句里的 so angry as not to...可以改作 angry enough not to ...，但不可说so angry enough as to...或 angry enough as to...。 （2）第二句里的 that 有时省去。 （3）第三句里的 so 的前面有人以为该用分号而不用逗号，否则该加上 and（成为第四句）。 （4）第四句里的 and so 的前面用逗号，不用分号。 （5）第五句在 he 的前面不该加上 for，假使加上了 for，该把 so 删去。 （6）第五句可以改作 He could not speak，so angry he was 或 He could not speak，so angry was he。 7．He tried to shout so that he might（或 could）be heard all along the street 等句子里的 so that 表示目的。在美国往往只用 so 而不用 that，前面有时有逗号，有时没有逗号。例如：He tried to shout (,) so he might be heard all along the street. 和 Kindly sign it and return to me(,) so I can put through a voucher for the ¥600 we agreed on. He shouted so that he was heard all along the street 等句子里的 so that 表示结果。在美国也往往只用 so 而不用 that。 8．注意下面第一句里用 so is he，第二句里用 so he is，第三句里用 so does he，第四句里用 so he does： She is clever，and so is he. She calls him clever, and so he is. She works hard, and so does he. She says he works hard, and so he does. 第一句和第三句里的 he 和 she 并不是同一个人，第二句和第四句里的 he 和 him 或 he 是同一个人。注意下面第一句里用 so he is 和 so is his brother，第二句里用 so he does 和 so does his brother： She calls him clever, so he is, and so is his brother. She says he works hard, so he does, and so does his brother. 9．Don't call me unkind, John, you know I am not so 里的 so 是代替上文的 unkind，实际这 so 是多余的，因为 I am not 等于 I am not unkind。通常不用 so。 If you are a member of the association, how long have you been so? 里的 so 代替上文的 a member of the association。 10．注意在下面各句里都不可用 so： You're not comfortable, are you（不可说 are you so）? Oh, you are comfortable, are you（不可说 are you so）? A: I'm awfully comfortable. B: Are you（不可说 Are you so）? A: Are you comfortable? B: (Yes,) I am（不可说 I am so）. (No,) I am not（不可说 I am not so）. A: Do you believe it? B: (Yes,) I do（不可说 I do so）. (No,) I don't（不可说 I don't so）. 11．在口语里，在 think，expect，believe，suppose，fancy，fear，hear，hope，imagine 等词后面可以用 so 来代替上文所提及的名词、形容词或从句。例如： A: Is he a cop? B: I think so（＝he is a cop）. 12．关于 do so，参见 do 5和6 13．在过去分词前面，用 so 往往不及用 so much 或 so well 自然，如 so (much) damaged，so (well) developed 等。 14．关于 So far from liking him, I wish I may never see him again 等句，参见 far 3 15．Bob did not so much as raise his head 和 Bob could not find so much as a piece of bread to eat 等句子里的 so much as 作 even 解，不该在它的前面加上 even。 16．关于 ever so 和 never so，参见 never 5 17．or so 通常紧接在数字的后面，但有时也用在数字所修饰的词的后面。例如：There were fifteen or so people there. 和 There were fifteen people or so there. 18．and so on，and so on 语气比单用 and so on 重。 19．下面两句意思相同： Give her a fairly detailed description of yourself so that she will not miss you in the crowds. So that she will not miss you in the crowds, give her a fairly detailed description of yourself. 20．比较下面每组里的四句： 每组里的第一句、第二句和第三句都表示目的。第四句里有逗号，在 early 后面有一小顿，表示结果。 21．下面两句意思相同： It is getting late, so that I must be going home. It is getting late. So that I must be going home. |
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