| 词组 | verbs introduction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | Contents overview Verbs introduction Section 1 VerbsintroductionformsVerbs are the central element in sentences. Most of the things we say are built around them. English verbs have up to five one-word forms (except be, which has eight). These are:the base form: the one found in dictionaries, for example go, write, play. This is used for present tense forms after I, we, you (singular and plural) and they, in infinitives, and in imperatives.We go skating on Saturdays.I must write to Laura.Please play something.the third person singular present, for example goes, writes, playsthe past tense, for example went, wrote, playedthe past participle, for example gone, written, played. Note that in regular verbs the past participle is the same as the past tense.the -ing form, for example going, writing, playing. Depending on how it is used, the -ing form may be called a 'present participle' or a 'gerund' (93.1).Verb forms which show time (e.g. goes, went) are often called finite in grammars; other forms (e.g. written, playing) are non-finite. tensesTenses are verb forms that show the time of actions and situations, either as single words or including auxiliary verbs (see below).We went home. (simple past tense)Have you written to Jamie? (present perfect tense)For a list of active tenses, 2.3. For passive tenses, and an explanation of active and passive structures, 57.auxiliary verbsAuxiliary ('helping') verbs are used with other verbs to add various kinds of meaning. Be, have and do help to make progressive (or 'continuous') and perfect structures, questions and negatives (see below and Section 2).Modal auxiliary verbs (must, can, could, will, would, may, might, shall, should and ought) are used with other verbs to add ideas such as futurity, certainty, probability, obligation and permission. For details, Section 7.What can follow a verb?Different non-auxiliary verbs can be followed by different kinds of words and structures. This is partly a matter of meaning: after a verb like eat or break, for instance, it is normal to expect a noun; after try or stop, it is natural to expect a verb. It is also partly a matter of grammatical rules that have nothing to do with meaning. Before an object, wait is followed by for; expect has no preposition. One can tell somebody something, but one cannot explain somebody something. One hopes to see somebody, but one looks forward to seeing somebody. One advises somebody to see the doctor, but one does not suggest somebody to see the doctor. One thinks that something will happen, but one does not want that it will happen. Unfortunately, there are no simple rules in this area; it is necessary to learn, for each verb, what kind of structures can follow it. A good dictionary will normally give this information. For more about nouns and verbs with objects, 7.For two-part verbs with adverb particles and prepositions (e.g. pick up, look at), 12–13.For more about verbs followed by verbal structures, 15–16.Do you know what's wrong with these, and why?I laid down and went to sleep. | She switched off it. 12.4 | What are you thinking of the government? 4.3 | I'm seeing what you mean. 4.3 | Is raining again. 7.1 | Give back me my watch. 12.4 | Is that the light off which you switched? 12.4 | You never listen me. 13.1 | Listen to! 13.1 | About what are you thinking? 13.3 | He gave you it. 8.3 | Who did you buy it? 8.4 | I'd like him to explain us his decision. 8.6 | Can you suggest me a good dentist? 8.6 | Please describe us your wife. 8.6 | Sing us. 8.7 | He painted red the wall. 10.1 | She made that she disagreed clear. 10.5 | You surprised! 7.2 | Do sit that chair. 7.2 | The problem appears impossibly. 11.3 | Isabel sudden appeared in the doorway. 11.3 | He fell unconsciously on the floor. 11.5 | He pulled his belt tightly and started off. 11.5 | She crossed the garden dancing. 14 | contents of this section
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英语用法大全包含1354条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。