| 词组 | any |
| 释义 | Contents overview any159 any1meaning: indefinite amount or numberAny is a determiner. It generally suggests an indefinite amount or number, and is used when it is not important to say how much/many we are thinking of. Because of its 'open', non-specific meaning, any is often used in questions and negative clauses, and in other cases where there is an idea of doubt or negation.Is there any more coffee?We didn't have any problems going through customs.You never give me any help.The noise of the party prevented me from getting any sleep.I suddenly realised I'd come out without any money.Any is common after if.If you find any blackberries, keep some for me.Sometimes any means 'if there is/are any' or 'whatever there is/are'.Any fog will clear by noon. (= If there is any fog, it will clear by noon.)Perhaps you could correct any mistakes I've made.Any can be used to emphasise the idea of open choice: 'it doesn't matter who/what/which'.You can borrow any book you want.For details of this use, 160.2any and someAny often contrasts with some, which is most common in affirmative clauses. Compare:I need some razor blades.Do you have any razor blades?Sorry, I don't have any razor blades.For details of the difference, 161.3any and not anyAny alone does not have a negative meaning. It is only negative when used with not.She's unhappy because she hasn't got any friends. (not … because she has got any friends.)No (163) means the same as not any, but is more emphatic.She's got no friends.Not any cannot begin a sentence; no is used instead.No cigarette is harmless. (not Not any cigarette …)No tourists came to the town that year.We do not usually use not any with singular countable nouns (but 160).She hasn't got a job. (not She hasn't got any job.)4when any is not usedWith an uncountable or plural noun, any usually suggests the idea of an indefinite but limited amount or number. When there is no idea of a limited quantity or number, we do not usually use any. Compare:–Is there any water in that can?Is there water on the moon? (The interest is in the existence of water, not its amount.)–Dad hasn't got any hair. (He has lost the amount he had.)Birds have feathers, not hair. (No idea of amount.)–None of her children have got any sense. (Not even a small amount.)Anna looks like her mother, but she hasn't got blue eyes. (not … she hasn't got any blue eyes – people have a definite number of eyes: two.)5any and any ofBefore a determiner (definite article, demonstrative or possessive word) or a pronoun, we use any of. Compare:–I didn't go to any lectures last term. (not … any of lectures …)I wasn't interested in any of the lectures. (not … any the lectures.)–Do any books here belong to you?Do any of these books belong to you?–I don't think any staff want to work tomorrow.I don't think any of us want to work tomorrow.Note that when any of is followed by a plural subject, the verb can be singular or plural. A singular verb is more common in a formal style.If any of your friends is/are interested, let me know.6without a nounA noun can be dropped after any, if the meaning is clear.'Did you get the oil?''No, there wasn't any left.'Instead of not any without a noun, none (163) can be used. This is often more emphatic.There was none left.We don't use any or not any alone as answers.'What day should I come?''Any day.' (not Any.)'How much money do you have?''None.' (not Not any.)7compoundsMany of the rules given above also apply to the compounds anybody, anyone, anything and anywhere. For more information about these, 180.For the use of any and no as adverbs, 373.For any … but, 413.For any and every, 162.Previous Next |
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英语用法大全包含1354条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。