| 词组 | plead |
| 释义 | plead 1. Plead belongs to the same class of verbs as bleed, lead, speed, read, and feed, and like them it has a past and past participle with a short vowel spelled pled or sometimes plead. Competing with the short-vowel form from the beginning was a regular form pleaded. Eventually pleaded came to predominate in mainstream British English, while pled retreated into Scottish and other dialectal use. Through Scottish immigration or some other means, pled reached America and became established here. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, pled was attacked by many American commentators—Bache 1869, Ayres 1881, Vizetelly 1906, Bierce 1909—perhaps because it was not in good British use. But MacCracken & Sandison 1917 said only that it was "not now usual," and by the time of Krapp 1927 and Lurie 1927 pled was seen as at least partly respectable. And in spite of occasional backward-looking by a commentator or two, it is fully respectable today. Both pled (or plead) and pleaded are in good use in the U.S. Pled seems still to be current in Scottish use. A few examples of the disputed form: • Both pled not guilty —Ernest Mclntyre, Glasgow Herald, 12 June 1974 • ... a scene, for whose life I pled, vainly —Sinclair Lewis, "The Art of Dramatization," 1933 • My mother pled with the girl's mother to allow her to let the dress down —Nancy Hale, New Yorker, 20 Nov. 1965 2. A few commentators are fond of pointing out that in the courtroom one must plead "guilty" or "not guilty" and that one may not plead "innocent." In life outside the courtroom, however, plead innocent is very common and perfectly respectable. Plead innocent is the usual phrase used on radio and television, undoubtedly because it cannot be misheard for plead guilty. Both forms can be found in newspaper accounts: • ... pleaded innocent before Criminal Court Judge Jerome Kay —Springfield (Mass.) Morning Union, 13 May 1986 • ... pled not guilty and was found not guilty —Monte Vista (Colo.) Jour., 18 Jan. 1973 |
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