| 词组 | precedent |
| 释义 | precedent 1. When the adjective precedent is used with a preposition, the preposition is usually to: • Identification is a condition precedent to an inquest. It is a matter of law —Raymond Chandler, The Simple Art of Murder, 1950 • ... it most certainly is the condition precedent to any intelligent choice —Adlai E. Stevenson, Speeches, ed. Richard Harrity, 1952 • Croce has claimed the right to 'spiritualise' this primal vivacity which he makes precedent—not in time but in the spirit—to the moral choice —Cecil Sprigge, Benedetto Croce, 1952 Occasionally, precedent has been used with of: • Therefore collective security is a condition precedent of all else —George Soule, New Republic, 14 June 1943 • ... a system ... that makes publication a condition precedent of advancement in a profession —Times Literary Supp., 3 July 1969 From the evidence it appears that when the adjective is used postpositively, condition is very often the noun it follows. 2. When the noun precedent is used with a preposition, the preposition is most often for: • I do not think there is any historical precedent for Israel's extraordinary success —Denis Healey, New Republic, 3 Jan. 1955 • ... new editions, reset and arranged in a way for which there existed no precedent —Times Literary Supp., 19 Feb. 1971 • There were, to be sure, precedents for crime in the Old World countries from which these immigrants came —Joseph Epstein, Commentary, January 1972 Precedent is also used with of, though somewhat less frequently: • I shall hold you and your commanders criminally accountable under the rules and precedents of war — Douglas MacArthur, quoted in Time, 28 Aug. 1950 • ... the Republican Presidential contest of 1912, set an unhappy precedent of creative slander —Richard Reeves, Harper's, January 1972 Occasionally, precedent has been used with against or to: • ... even in the Old Testament there is a dire precedent against registration —J. Carter Swaim, Right and Wrong Ways to Use the Bible, 1953 • ... the earlier discussions of his own ideas that were an essential precedent to the new concept —L. V. Berkner, New Republic, 12 June 1954 |
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