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词组 nothing
释义

■ nothing

1) 如果 nothing 在主句中和从句中都兼有位置,它的否定意义只限于主句。

  • Nothing you've told me changes my opinion.你告诉我的话,没有任何一点能改变我的看法。

nothing 在从句中是直接宾语,在主句中是主语,但这里的从句根本没有 you've told me nothing 的意思,倒是肯定了 you've told me something,只是这个 something 当中没有任何东西 (nothing),也相当于 none of what you've told me 能改变我的看法。所以 nothing 在从句中没有否定意义,只在主句中有否定意义。

2) nothing like 有正面的“最好莫如”或负面的“最坏莫如”的意思。

  • There is nothing like returning to a place that remains unchanged to find the ways in which you yourself have altered. (Nelson Mandela, A Long Walk to Freedom)最好的事情,莫如回到一处保持原样的地方,看看自己到底如何变了(此处是正面意思)。
  • But there was nothing like the violence that resulted in the death of a Russian citizen, over 100 injuries, including two dozen policemen, and more than 840 arrests over the previous two nights.(美联社 2007 年 4 月 28 日报道爱沙尼亚骚乱时的一句话,带有负面的意思)但是最糟糕的是:暴力冲突使得一名俄国公民丧生,一百多人受伤,其中包括二十多名警察,还有先前两夜有八百四十多人被捕。
  • nothing like...的 nothing,也可以改为 no + 名词成分,意思也是“没有什么…比得上…”。

  • There is no place like home.哪儿都比不上家里舒服。
  • ... no shock to the poor like unearned money. (John Fowles, The French Lieutenant's Woman, Chapter 41)这一句,在刘宪之与蔺延梓合译的《法国中尉的女人》中译成:“但那神情看来绝不是穷人得到意外之财时的不知所措。”意思完全译反了,应该是“再也没有像穷人得到意外之财那样震惊的了。”

与 there is nothing like 相似的另一个惯用词组 there's no such thing as 意思却完全不同,是“根本没有这样的东西”。

  • There's no such thing as free lunch.根本没有免费午餐这回事。
  • —This advertisement says I can get an expensive camera for free! — Don't be so gullible. There's no such thing as free lunch. —这份广告上说,我可以白白拿到一部贵重的照相机!— 别这么容易受骗。根本就没有免费午餐这回事。

但是,两个相似的词组有时也有相混的。There's not such a thing as free lunch 有时候也作 There's nothing like a free lunch,此时这句惯用语就可能有歧义。最常用的意义仍然是“根本没有免费午餐这回事”,例如:

  • While Kenya was lauded in 2006 and 2007 as a top destination for investment dollars, the political strife of 2008 and the immediate flight of fast money from the country's capital markets also highlighted the risks of frontier markets to long-term investors: there's nothing like a free lunch.肯尼亚在 2006 年和 2007 年曾被誉为美元投资的最佳去处,但是 2008 年出现了政治纷争,游资立即撤出这个国家的资金市场,这也突出说明了边缘市场对于长期投资者的风险:没有免费的午餐。

但是在下面的一段中却可以有另一个意义:一个美国最高法院的书记员参加一家法律事务所招待的午宴,席间另一个人对他说:

  • I have to tell you, the Court is the world's most exciting place to work, but there's nothing like a free lunch at an expensive restaurant. When it comes to food, I'm like a kid in a candy store. (Brad Meltzer, The Tenth Justice, p.124)我要告诉你的是:高法是全世界最激动人心的工作地点,但是什么也比不上在高级饭馆吃一顿免费的午餐。说起吃来,我就像是小孩子进了糖果店。

又例如:

  • There's nothing like a free lunch. I was treated to lunch today. The department I work in hosts a team lunch every month or so, and this time around we went to Akasaka restaurant for some Teppanyaki.什么都比不上一顿免费的午餐。我今天应邀参加了一顿午餐会。我工作的部门大约每一个月举办一次聚餐会,这一次我们去了赤坂饭店去吃铁板烧。

如果不是 free lunch 而是别的东西,则往往只有“最好的莫如…”一个意义,例如:

  • There's nothing like childhood friends.最好莫如从小就结交的朋友。
  • There's nothing like a day at the beach.在海滩过一天,最带劲儿不过了。
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更新时间:2025/4/5 16:09:05