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词组 saving
释义

■ saving

作为名词,单数是“一次节省的事件”,复数(其实是复数形式的不可数名词)是“节省下来的财物”或“积蓄的财物”。这个区别本来应该是很清楚的,但是由于实际语言中用得着单数的时候比较少,所以复数形式 savings 成了常见的形式。用作另一个名词的前置定语常用复数。

  • savings bank储蓄银行
  • savings account储蓄账户。

savings 作为主语时,通常谓语动词和后面的代词用复数。

  • Savings have a deflationary effect, since they cut down the amount of spending for consumer goods. (Albert H. Sayer, et al., Economics in Our Democracy)储蓄能起通货紧缩的效应,因为它能够减少用于购买消费品的支付量。

本来,saving 作为“一次节省的事件”,应该用单数。

  • a saving of approximately$60,000,000 a year... (Current Biography, January 1965)…一年节省约六千万美元…

但是有时候这个用法也受到复数形式的“传染”而采用了复数形式,而同时却又当作单数使用。

  • ... would represent a savings of 183,000 miles a year... (Buffalo Courier Express, April 24, 1963)…每年可以节省十八万三千英里…
  • New GEICO customers report an average annual savings of more than $500.(US News & World Report, Sept. 15-22, 2008, p.40, advertisement)GEICO 的新投保户申报,他们每年可以节省平均五百元。

savings 尽管是复数,但其实是个不可数的“物质名词”(mass noun),因此,前面有按照其复数形式用 many 或 few(比较级 more 或 fewer)的,也有按照其不可数性质而用 much 或 little(比较级 more 或 less)的(可见比较级“更多”一律用 more,“较少”则可能 fewer 或 less)。

  • How much savings should you have at age 25, 35, and 45?你在二十五岁、三十五岁、四十五岁时,应该有多少储蓄?
  • Because of its speed, and because of the many savings deriving from speed, air cargo service has become valuable to manufacturers, to retailers, and to consumers.(William E. o'Connor, An Introduction to Airline Economics, p.154)由于航空货运速度快,而且由于速度快而可以大量节约,这种货运方式已经为生产厂家、零售商和消费者所重视 (这里的 many savings 既可以理解为不可一一分割的“大量节约的钱财总额”,也可以理解为“一个个项目的节约机会”)。
  • The new registration process offers few savings for insurers.新的(汽车)登记手续,并不使得投保户节约多少。
  • With little savings to fall back on, millions of American households reach for the only other lifeline they have: credit cards.数以百万计的美国人家没有多少储蓄作为靠山,就伸手去动用他们唯一剩下的生命线:信用卡。

比较级有时用可数的 fewer,有时用不可数的 less。

  • German electronic health-insurance cards may generate fewer savings than originally expected.德国的电子健康保险卡,所提供的节约额,可能比原先预期的少。
  • Whereas in previous times one bread winner per family was sufficient to provide for the family, the family now needs the second bread winner plus more debt with less savings and less time for the children, to do the same.在从前,每家一个人挣饭吃,就足以养活全家,而现在,一家人还要有第二个人来挣饭吃,还有背上更多的债,减少储蓄,少费时间同孩子一起过,才能养活一家人。
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更新时间:2025/5/31 23:23:26