词组 | and(or) |
释义 | and : or — 79 1a. 由前者这个连词连接两个作主语的人称代词,要看作复数(参见词目 75 、 76 、 77 、 78 和 80 );由后者连接的,则要看作单数。 比较: Dannie and I are ready to answer your question, sir. 先生,丹尼和我乐意回答你的问题。(谓语要用 are ) Dannie or I am ready to answer your question, sir. 先生,丹尼或我乐意回答你的问题。(谓语要用 am ,不用 is ) I hope Tom and Mary will bring their radio. 我希望汤姆和玛丽都带收音机来。(是两人) I hope Tom or Mary will bring their radio. 我希望汤姆或玛丽带收音机来。(是一人,但不说… his or her radio ) 1b. 在否定结构中的两个成分,使用后者来连接要比用前者来连接似乎更合乎习惯用法一些。 例如: Nora didn't speak slowly or clearly. 娜拉说起话来既不慢又不清楚。 The road of our advance is not straight or smooth. 我们前进的道路并不平坦。 He never smokes or drinks. 他烟酒不沾。 There were no books or papers about ; every chair was in the place it had been placed when the room was last swept. 屋子打扫之后,凌乱的书和报纸都不见了,椅子也放到了原来的地方。 比较: Jenney takes a bus and goes on foot. 詹尼又是乘车又是步行。 Jenney doesn't take a bus or doesn't go on foot. 詹尼并不是全乘车,也不是全步行。 The soup is salt and hot. 汤又咸又辣。(肯定句要用 and ) The soup is too, salt or hot. 汤太咸又太辣。( too 这个副词含有否定的意思,所以要用 or ) 1c. 在否定结构中,如果连接的是两个分句,而这两个分句又各有各的主语,那就得使用 and 来连接,不用 or 来连接。 比较: Martin couldn't write and I couldn't read. 马丁不识字,我也不识字。 We both neither read nor write. 咱俩都目不识丁。 1d. 在数字之间,通常要用 or 来连接,不用 and 来连接。 例如: I have read only two or three chapters. 我只读了两三章书。 I have read only two chapters or so. 我只读了两章光景的书。 I have read only two chapters or more. 我只读了两章多一点的书。 2. 用作从属连词,前者同样要用于肯定结构,后者同样要用于否定结构(注:这样使用,两者多半用于祈使结构)。 例如: Work hard, and you will be able to finish the work ahead of time. 努力干吧,这样就能提前完工。( =If you work hard , you will …) Work hard, or you won't be able to finish the work ahead of time. 努力干吧,否则就不能提前完工。( = Unless you work hard , you won't …) |
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