| 词组 | start |
| 释义 | start If you start, begin, or commence something, you do it from a particular time. My father started work when he was ten. The prisoners plan to begin a hunger strike today. I commenced a round of visits. There is no difference in meaning between these words, but commence is a formal word. You do not use it in conversation. The past tense of 'begin' is began, not 'beginned' or 'begun'. Botanists everywhere began a dramatic revision of their ideas. The past participle is begun. The company has begun a programme of rationalization. ◊ used with other verbs You can use a 'to'-infinitive or an '-ing' form after start and begin. Ralph started to run. He started laughing. I was beginning to feel better. We began chattering and laughing together. Note that you do not use an '-ing' form after starting or beginning. You do not say, for example, 'Now that I feel better, I'm beginning eating more'. You must say 'Now that I feel better, I'm beginning to eat more'. After commence, you use an '-ing' form. You do not use a 'to'-infinitive. He let his oars sink into the water and commenced pulling with long strokes. ◊ used as intransitive verbs Start, begin, and commence can all be used as intransitive verbs to say that something happens from a particular time. His meeting starts at 7. My career as a journalist was about to begin. He had been held for 9 months when his trial commenced. ◊ special uses of 'start' Start has some special meanings. You do not use begin or commence with any of these meanings. You use start to say that someone makes a machine or engine start to work. He couldn't get his engine started. He started the car and drove off. You use start to say that someone creates a business or other organization. He scraped up the money to start a restaurant. In stories, start is used to say that someone starts to move in a particular direction. Ralph started back to the shelters. They started down the street together. |
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