1. vt.使惊奇，使诧异　 give a feeling of surprise to
2. vt.意外地发现，撞见　 find or catch when unprepared

　～ very much　使非常吃惊
　～ agreeably　又惊又喜地发现
　～ delightfully　感到惊喜
　～ disagreeably　感到吃惊和不快
　～ greatly　使大为吃惊
　～ pleasantly　感到惊喜
　～ tremendously　极其惊讶
　～ unspeakably　不可名状地感到惊讶
　～ utterly　完全感到惊讶
　be ～d about　对〔听到〕…感到吃惊
　be ～d at　对〔听到〕…感到吃惊
　be ～d at the news　听了这消息非常诧异
　～ sth from sb　出其不意地使某人说出某事
　～ sb into tears　出其不意地使人哭起来
　～ sth out of sb　出其不意地使某人说出某事
　～ sb with a visit　来访使某人感到意外

　He may surprise us all yet.　他总有一天会让我们大家惊奇。
　This of course surprised us all.　这自然使我们都很惊奇。
　His enrollment as a member of the cricket club surprised us very much.　他成为板球俱乐部的成员使我们十分惊讶。
　The next contestant surprised me. She made 139 jumps in half a minute.　下一个参加跳绳比赛的人使我吃惊，她在半分钟之内跳了139下。
　Her calmness at reception of the bad news surprised us.　她接受那个坏消息时的平静态度令我们吃惊。
　The police surprised a burglar breaking into a store.　警察意外地发现了一名盗贼闯入一家店铺。
　They surprised the animals at their food.　他们乘那些动物吃食时突然袭击了它们。
　We surprised the enemy while they were still sleeping.　在敌人还熟睡时，我们突然袭击了他们。
　Why are you surprised?It's proper that his wife should inherit all of his money.　你为何觉得惊奇?他的妻子继承他的全部财产是合理的。
　It surprised me to see so many people there.　在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。
　It surprised them that she was such a fine swimmer.　她游得这么好，使他们都很惊奇。
　I'm surprised to hear you say that.　听你这样讲，我感到吃惊。
　We were surprised to see how welcome they were in the countryside.　我们惊奇地看到，它们在农村那么受欢迎。
　I was surprised to find that he knew nothing about the subject.　我惊奇地发现，他对这个题目竟一无所知。
　The old man was quite surprised to find in the envelope a ten yuan note.　老人十分吃惊地发现信封里装着10元钱。
　I'm surprised that you should think this way.　我感到奇怪的是你竟这样想。
　I'm surprised that you didn't get a bawling from your wife.　我很惊奇你妻子没对你大吵大叫。
　I am surprised that you should press the suggestion.　我很奇怪，你这样坚持提这个建议。
　Everyone was surprised that Jim didn't jump at his father's offer of a partnership.　对于吉姆不急于接受他父亲让他合伙干的建议，大家都感到惊奇。
　I'm surprised that Mary's late. She's usually so prompt.　我没料到玛丽迟到了，她平时做事总是很干脆的。
　I was surprised why he came here so early.　他为什么到这里那么早，我很惊奇。
　I wouldn't be surprised if he changed his mind.　如果他改变主意，我不会感到惊讶。
　We returned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards.　我们回来得早，没想到正好撞见有贼在偷柜子里的东西。

 ♣ surprise at　(v.+prep.)
　对…惊讶　give a feeling of surprise to sth
　There is nothing to be surprised at.　没有可以惊奇的地方。
　You don't look very surprised at the news of his failure.　你听到他失败的消息似乎并不感到怎么意外。
　I was surprised at hearing him say so.　我听到他这样说很吃惊。
　We were surprised at finding the house clean, bright and spacious.　我们发现房子又干净又豁亮感到惊奇。
　She was very much surprised at his coming at all.　他居然来了，她非常惊讶。
 ♣ surprise by　(v.+prep.)
　以…使（某人）惊奇　give a surprise of (sth unexpected) by doing sth
　I surprised everyone by wearing a terrible mask.　我带了一副可怕的面具，使大家受惊了。
　He surprised us by producing from his pocket a five-pound note.　他从口袋中取出一张5英镑的纸币，这使我们感到意外。
　The magician surprised the audience by producing from under his hat a rabbit.　魔术师从帽子下面拿出了一只兔子，使观众感到惊奇。
　They were surprised by this strange noise.　这奇怪的声音使他们很吃惊。
　She was much surprised by the news.　那条消息使她大吃一惊。
　We were surprised by his success.　我们因他的成功而感到惊奇。
 ♣ surprise into　(v.+prep.)
　以出其不意的方式促使…进行　force (sb) into (action or doing sth) by surprising
　With an unexpected question, the clever lawyer surprised the prisoner into admission of his guilt.　聪明的律师以一个预想不到的问题迫使犯人承认了他的罪行。
　Her sudden question surprised him into betraying himself.　她突然提出的问题使他原形毕露。
　The prisoner was surprised into admitting his guilt.　有人使囚犯无意中承认自己有罪。
 ♣ surprise out of　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　出其不意地使某人说出某事　force (sb) to say sth by surprising
　The court surprised a confession out of the defendant.　法庭冷不防使被告招了供。
　They surprised the secret of the murderous past out of the hypocrite.　他们出其不意地使那个伪君子说出了他杀人的往事。
　The judge surprised the facts out of the witness.　法官使证人冷不防地吐出了真情。
 ♣ surprise with　(v.+prep.)
　用…使（某人）惊奇　give a surprise of (sth unexpected) with sth
　They surprised us with a visit.　他们突然来访使我们大感意外。
　He surprised us with his knowledge of the locality.　他对那个地方的熟悉使我们感到惊奇。
　Let's surprise her with a birthday party!　让我们给她办个生日聚会，叫她感到惊讶！
　Her daughter surprised her with a full mark in a math examination.　她女儿的数学考试得了满分，叫她感到惊奇。

 ♣ surprising, surprised
　surprise　的现在分词和过去分词都可用作形容词，在句中作主语或表语，但两者含义不同：surprising指施加影响于人，使人产生惊讶的情绪；而surprised指人受到外界影响而产生惊讶的情绪。
 ♣ surprise, startle, wonder
　这组词都有“惊异”“震惊”的意思。其区别在于：wonder指对异常现象或难以解释的事感到“惊讶”或“疑惑”; surprise是普通用词，表示各种各样的惊讶；startle指因没有提防而“大吃一惊”或“吓了一跳”。
 ♣ surprise, alarm, amaze, astonish
　参见alarm条。
 ♣ surprise, ambush, waylay
　这三个词的共同意思是“突然袭击”。其区别在于：surprise指趁对方出其不意时突然发动攻击，也指在对方没有料到时突然出现；ambush指游击战时在灌木丛中埋伏以便伏击敌人，引申指类似遭到伏击的情况；waylay指潜伏在路边伺机伏击或拦路抢劫，也可指在路上拦住某人说话。

1. 他的去世使我们很吃惊。
　［误］ His death was surprising to us all.
　［正］ His death surprised us all.
　［析］ surprise为及物动词，表示“令…吃惊”，可以直接加宾语。
2. 听到那消息，我们很吃惊。
　［误］ We are surprising to hear the news.
　［正］ We are surprised to hear the news.
　［析］ surprising为现在分词作形容词表主动，说明主语的性质。surprised为过去分词作形容词表被动，具有“由于…原因而惊骇”的意思，常跟动词不定式或at+sb's/sth v-ing.
3. 我对他在聚会上的举动感到吃惊。
　［误］ I was surprised with his behavior at the party.
　［正］ I was surprised at his behavior at the party.
　［析］ 表示“对…感到吃惊”，应该说 be surprised at，而不能说 be surprised with.
4. 他在20天内写完了一本小说，真令人吃惊。
　［误］ It was surprised that he finished writing a novel in only twenty days.
　［正］ It was surprising that he finished writing a novel in only twenty days.
　［析］ surprised表示“感到吃惊的”，其主语应该是人，而 surprising表示“令人吃惊的”，其主语应该是物或某件事情。所以误句中的 surprised应改成 surprising.
5. 关于对儿童施加暴行的新闻报道使人们感到震惊。
　［误］ The newspaper report of an outrage against the children surprised the public.
　［正］ The newspaper report of an outrage against the children shocked the public.
　［析］ surprise侧重于表示“出人意料而使人感到惊讶”，语气较弱。汉语中的“震惊”，在英文中是 shock，这个词的意味远比 surprise强。
6. 听到你这么说，我真觉得奇怪。
　［误］ I surprised to hear you say that.
　［正］ I am surprised to hear you say that.
　［析］ 当surprise作及物动词表示“使惊奇”“使震惊”时，它后面可直接跟宾语，但要表示“某人对某事感到惊奇”，往往采用 be surprised to-v的系表结构， surprised是过去分词，在句中作表语。

1. U 惊奇，惊讶　 feeling caused by sth happening suddenly or unexpectedly
2. C 令人吃惊的事物　 event or thing that causes this feeling

　affect ～　故作惊讶
　ask with ～　惊奇地问
　attempt ～　企图突袭
　cause ～　引起惊讶
　conceal ～　掩盖惊讶的心情
　exhibit ～　表现惊奇
　express ～　表示惊奇
　feel ～　感到惊奇
　get a big ～　大吃一惊
　give ～　给…一惊
　have a ～　吃了一惊
　imagine one's ～　想象某人吃惊的样子
　induce ～　导致意外之惊
　prepare ～　准备使惊讶
　provide a ～　使大吃一惊
　reveal ～　显露惊讶之色
　show ～　表现惊奇
　spring a ～ on sb　使某人大吃一惊
　acceptable ～　可接受的意外
　admiring ～　令人羡慕的意外
　agreeable ～　愉快的惊奇
　amiable ～　可爱的意外
　annoyed ～　令人感到烦恼的意外
　big ～　大吃一惊
　blank ～　完全的意外
　calm ～　不动声色的意外
　charming ～　迷人的意外
　comic ～　喜剧性的意外
　complete ～　完全出人意料
　continual ～　连续不断的意外
　curt ～　不客气的惊吓
　delightful ～　令人愉快的意外
　dramatic ～　戏剧性的惊人之举
　dull ～　笨拙的惊人之举
　effusive ～　热情洋溢的惊人之举
　excessive ～　过分的使人吃惊
　great ～　非常惊奇
　happy ～　令人愉快的意外
　hollow ～　无内容的惊人之举
　infinite ～　无穷无尽的惊奇
　joyous ～　令人喜悦的意外消息
　much ～　非常惊奇
　mute ～　目瞪口呆
　painful ～　痛苦的意外
　pleasant ～　令人愉快的意外
　puzzled ～　离奇的意外
　quick ～　奇袭
　real ～　真正的意外
　total ～　使人感到十分惊奇的事情
　unexpected ～　使人感到意外惊奇的事情
　birthday ～　令人惊喜的生日礼物
　hurt ～　伤害的意外
　～ attack　突然袭击
　～ party　料想不到的聚会
　～ visit　突然访问
　by ～　冷不防，突然
　capture sb by ～　出其不意地俘获某人
　take the fortress by ～　奇袭要塞
　in ～　惊异地
　look up in ～　惊异地向上看
　to one's ～　使…惊奇的是
　with ～　惊异地
　without ～　毫不惊奇
　～ at　对…惊讶
　～ at recent events　对最近的事件表示惊讶
　～ to　出乎…的意外
　～ to everyone　出乎大家的意料

　I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.　我永远不会忘记我们告诉他时他所表现出来的惊讶表情。
　The truth must be elicited by surprise.　必须出其不意，才能套出真情。
　Surprise, surprise! It's me! I'm back!　想不到吧！是我！我回来了！
　He heard the news without surprise.　他听到这消息后并不感到惊奇。
　Mr. Small showed no surprise at the news.　斯摩尔先生对那条消息并不感到惊奇。
　His surprise was visible.　看得出来，他很惊奇。
　He turned pale with surprise.　他惊奇得脸色都变苍白了。
　I noticed with surprise that the house had not been repainted and the garden tidied up.　我惊异地注意到房子没有重新油漆，花园也没有整理。
　His eyes shone with surprise and joy.　他的两眼流露出又惊又喜的神情。
　She came to me with a look of surprise.　她带着惊讶的神色走到我这里来。
　Jack stared at me in surprise.　杰克惊异地打量着我。
　She looked at me in surprise when I suggested that the story might not be true.　当我表示这个故事也许不真实时，她惊异地瞧着我。
　I asked in surprise why she had not stayed in the hospital.　我惊异地问她为什么不住在医院里。
　I got a big surprise.　我大吃一惊。
　What a nice surprise!　多么好的一件惊喜事！
　She gave them a surprise by arriving early.　她来得早，使他们感到很突然。
　Your letter was a pleasant surprise.　没有想到会收到你的信，真高兴。
　I was prepared for a surprise by my cousin's mysterious letter.　我的表哥突然来一封神秘的信，不过我思想上早有准备。
　I don't like surprises.　我不喜欢碰上意想不到的事情。
　We've had some unpleasant surprises.　我们得到了一些令人不快的意外消息。
　I have a surprise for you.　我有一件你想不到的事告诉你。
　She said to him after dinner, "I've got a surprise for you". 　宴会后她对他说：“我给你带来了一件你意想不到的礼物。”
　His visit was a great surprise to me.　他的来访使我大为惊奇。
　It was a complete surprise to me.　这对我完全是件意外的事。
　His resignation came as a complete surprise to his staff.　他的辞职对手下工作人员来说是十分意外的。
　Philip was conscious that his failure was a surprise to no one but himself.　菲利普知道他的失败，除了他自己外，对别人都是意料中的事。
　We have some surprises in store for you.　我们有几件使你吃惊的事情要告诉你。
　The news of his promotion came as a surprise to Mr. Talbert.　塔尔伯特先生听到了自己晋升的消息感到意外。
　Your visit will be a surprise to the family—they do not expect you.　你的来访会使全家人感到意外——因为他们没想到你会来。
　She gave a surprise party.　她举办了一次出人意料的宴会。
　Lanny came home for the weekend, and found a surprise letter.　兰妮回家度周末，发现一封意想不到的信。
　I didn't know it was a surprise packet—I found a coin in the sweets!　我真没想到——糖果里竟藏了一枚硬币。
　The President paid today a surprise visit to two Medicare patients.　总统今天突然去看望了两位享受医疗保险的病人。
　They determined to attempt a surprise.　他们决定采用奇袭。
　The troops were told to stand by for a surprise attack.　部队受令准备突然袭击。
　This surprise attack put me in a fix.　这一突如其来的打击使我陷入困境。

 ♣ (much/greatly) to one's surprise
　使某人惊奇的是　not expect sth is to happen
　To our great surprise, he won the prize.　使我们感到十分惊奇的是他得了奖。
　To my surprise, the door was unlocked.　使我惊奇的是，门竟然没锁。
　To my surprise, Premier Zhou Enlai himself showed up at our meeting.　使我惊奇的是，周恩来总理竟然亲自出席了我们的会议。
　Much to my surprise it had stopped raining by the time I wanted to go out.　我想出去的时候，雨就停了，使我大为惊奇。
 ♣ take by surprise
1. 出其不意或毫不预示地攻击、捕获 attack, capture, etc. sb/sth unexpectedly or without warning
　The policeman took the burglar by surprise as he opened the window.　当夜盗开窗时，警察冷不防地捉住了他。
　The town was well defended so there was little chance of taking it by surprise.　该城防守严密，万难袭占。
　The invaders took the town by surprise.　入侵者突然袭击，攻下了那座城。
　The fort was taken by surprise.　那堡垒出其不意地被攻占了。
2. 使某人吃一惊 happen unexpectedly, so as to shock sb slightly
　The news took me by surprise.　这消息使我大吃一惊。
　His sudden appearance took us quite by surprise.　他的突然出现使我们非常惊讶。

1. 令我吃惊的是他得奖了。
　［误］ In my surprise, he won the price.
　［正］ To my surprise, he won the price.
　［析］ to one's surprise是固定用法，意为“令人吃惊的是”。
2. 使我吃惊的是，他只用几天时间就完成了这项工作。
　［误］ To my surprised, he managed to finish the work only in a few days.
　［正］ To my surprise, he managed to finish the work only in a few days.
　［析］ “使某人吃惊的是”，英文是"to one's surprise", to是介词，所以后接名词。
3. 听到这消息，他脸上露出惊异的神情。
　［误］ His face showed surprises at the news.
　［正］ His face showed surprise at the news.
　［析］ surprise表示“惊奇”时为抽象名词，不可数。
4. 有一件你想不到的事告诉你。
　［误］ Here is surprise for you.
　［正］ Here is a surprise for you.
　［析］ surprise表示“使人惊异的事或东西”时，用作可数名词，可在前面加不定冠词a.

　［同义词］ v. alarm, amaze, astound, scare, startle, ambush, catch, waylay n. amazement, astonishment, shock, wonder
　［词源］　古法语surprendere（从上面出其不意抓住）