1. vt. & vi.教　 help to learn; show how to do
2. vi.教书　 give lessons in a subject

　～ a person　教某人
　～ a subject　教一门课
　～ boys　教孩子们
　～ English　教英语
　～ German　教德语
　～ history　教历史
　～ mathematics　教数学
　～ prepositions　教介词/cn>
　～ sb a lesson　给某人一个教训
　～ student　教学生
　～ the pupils　教小学生

～+副词

　～ competently　胜任教学工作
　～ conscientiously　教学认真
　～ dispassionately　冷静地教学
　～ easily　容易教
　～ effectually　教学有效果
　～ exclusively　限制严格地教学
　～ explicitly　讲授清楚
　～ extensively　泛讲
　～ laboriously　辛苦地教学
　～ poorly　教学质量差
　～ professionally　职业教育
　～ scrupulously　教学一丝不苟
　～ strictly　严格教学
　～ systematically　系统讲授
　～ wrongly　教错
　～ zealously　教学热情

～+介词

　～ at a primary school　在小学教书
　～ by example　以示范方式教
　～ children by example　用榜样教育儿童
　～ by correspondence　函授
　～ for a living　以教书为生
　～ through composition　通过写作讲授
　～ English to one's pupils　教学生英语
　～ composition with much success　作文课上得很成功

　She's decided to teach.　她决定教书。
　Where does he teach?　他在哪里教书?
　I have a book that teaches easily.　我有一本好教的书。
　This course teaches easily.　这门课容易教。
　Both of her parents teach at a middle school.　她的父母都在一个中学任教。
　My husband teaches at a local school.　我丈夫在本地一所学校教书。
　He teaches for a living.　他靠教书过活。
　Who teaches these children?　谁教这些孩子?
　He teaches foreigners.　他给外国人上课。
　Nobody taught me, I learnt it by myself.　没有人教过我，我自己学会的。
　What are you teaching this term?　你这学期教什么课?
　He has been teaching mathematics for more than twenty years.　他一直教了20多年数学。
　He teaches both physics and chemistry.　他兼教物理和化学。
　The boy must be taught.　这男孩必须有人教导。
　I was taught by Mr. Green.　我由格林先生教课。
　English is taught in the school.　这所学校开设英语课程。
　He was well taught in many things.　他在许多事物上受过良好教育。
　He was taught by this incident.　他因这次意外事故而得到了教训。
　Some schools also teach swimming and skating.　有些学校还教游泳和滑冰。
　The Bible teaches that we should all love each other.　《圣经》教导我们大家要互爱。
　He taught that wars can be just or unjust.　他教导说：战争有正义和非正义之分。
　This will teach you to speak the truth.　这就是撒谎的教训。
　That'll teach you to go out without an umbrella.　那是对你出门不带雨伞的教训。
　I wish someone would teach him not to drive as he did.　我希望有人给他点苦头吃，使他不至于像以前那样鲁莽地开车。
　I will teach you to spoil our good name.　要是你破坏我们的好名声，我就要不客气了。
　Mr. Smith teaches us French.　史密斯先生教我们法语。
　I taught myself German.　我自学德语。
　Please teach us the words of the song.　请教给我们歌词。
　The experience taught him a good lesson.　这次经历给了他一个有益的教训。
　The burns Tom got from playing with matches taught him a lesson.　汤姆因玩火柴而烧伤使他得了一个教训。
　That would teach them a little courtesy.　那会叫他们懂得，应该有点礼貌才对。
　Our experience teaches us our limitations.　我们的经验使我们懂得，我们的能力是有限的。
　He was taught a lesson for it.　他因此而得到教训。
　He teaches chemistry to the students.　他给学生们讲授化学。
　Will you teach English to me?　你将教我英语吗?
　She is teaching the piano to several of the village children.　她教几个乡村儿童弹钢琴。
　I found a job teaching English to a group of adults in Paris.　我在巴黎找到了一份教成年人英语的工作。
　He taught the boy how to build a small boat.　他教这男孩如何制作小船。
　The worker taught them how to build a canoe.　那位工人教他们如何造独木舟。
　She taught us how to knit.　她教我们怎样编织。
　I taught him how to do the job.　我曾教他如何做这项工作。
　The older children are teaching the young ones how to read.　大孩子们教小孩子们认字。
　All this taught us how to deal with the enemy.　所有这些都教育了我们应如何对付敌人。
　They must be taught how to use their speech organs.　必须教他们如何使用发音器官。
　Experience has taught her that it is dangerous to do it.　经验使她认识到这样做是危险的。
　Mother often teaches me that I must not show my feelings.　妈妈时常教导我不应当表露我的感情。
　Facts taught us that genuine knowledge comes from practice.　事实告诉我们：实践出真知。
　It has taught us that unity means strength.　这件事使我们认识到团结就是力量。
　I was taught that two sides of a triangle were greater than the third.　我学会了三角形的两边之和大于第三边。
　He taught them where they could gather the medicinal herbs.　他教他们在什么地方能采到这种草药。
　Tom taught us where we could find the best mushrooms.　汤姆教给我们在哪里可以找到最好的蘑菇。
　The teacher is teaching his students to read.　老师在教学生阅读。
　Tom had taught me to drive.　汤姆已经教我驾驶。
　The girl taught me to sing the song.　那女孩教我唱这支歌。
　He teaches us to serve the people heart and soul.　他教导我们全心全意为人民服务。
　Who taught you to ride a bicycle?　谁教你骑自行车?
　He will teach his boy to swim.　他要教儿子游泳。
　He has taught his dog to perform some clever tricks.　他已经训练他的狗玩几套灵巧的把戏。
　Soldiers are taught to obey orders.　士兵们被训练学会服从命令。
　He taught me playing table tennis.　他教我打乒乓球。

 ♣ teach, teach school
　teach　用作不及物动词时，意思是“教书”，美式英语则常把teach用作及物动词，以school作宾语来表示“教书”的意思。试比较下面两个句子：
　
 ♣ teach, coach, educate, instruct, school, train, tutor
　这组词的共同意思是“教”，指向学生传授知识、技能等，但含义和用法上有所区别：
1. teach的概念最广泛，意义最普通，可以指讲授一门课程，也可指传授一种技能，也可能仅指帮助别人能解决一些问题或处理事情。而instruct, educate, train和school则各有其侧重点。instruct强调的是“系统性”; educate强调的是“总体性”; train强调的是“方向性”，而school强调的则是“严格性”。现分述如下：
　①instruct与teach的区别在于其“系统性”，即“系统教授”，内容上是系统的知识，方法上是连续地、正式地。例如：
　Dr. Williams instructs classes in algebra.　威廉博士教代数课。
　②educate比teach更为正式，强调的是教育的总目标和培养结果，内容很广泛，所花的时间也较长，教育的内容不仅是知识，更多的是做人的道理，如：世界观、性格、品质等。例如：
　The poor boy had to educate himself in the evening after finishing his work.　这可怜的孩子只有在工作完以后的晚上自学。
　Some schools teach, but fail to educate their students.　有些学校只教给学生知识，却忽略了育人。
　We are educated under the Party.　我们受党的教育。
　③train指的“教育”带有明显的方向性，或者造就某方面需要的人才，或者是训练某种特殊技能，以达到体力极佳、智力极强、反应极敏锐，从而迅速地胜任某种工作、任务或参加某比赛，也可以用于驯服动物或使植物向某方向生长。在训练方法上， train指由易到难，循序渐进，在这一点上与instruct有些接近。例如：
　They were trained as animal doctors in this school.　他们在这所学校里得到训练，成为兽医。
　He is specially trained for this kind of work.　为了胜任这种工作，他曾受过特殊训练。
　The old farmer trained his horse to do farm work for him.　老农夫训练他的马为他干农活。
　Mother tried to train the vines over the porch.　母亲想引导葡萄藤爬到门廊上面。
　④school强调教育和训练的严格性，指在某一方面进行特别严格的训练，也指学会忍耐难以忍受之事或锻炼和严格约束自己处理一些复杂困难事情的意思。例如：
　She was schooled in foreign languages.　她在外语方面受到过严格训练。
　His father was schooled in Harvard.　他的父亲是在哈佛大学受教育的。
　The parents schooled their children in politeness.　家长们严格教育子女们讲礼貌。
　He was schooled by life itself.　生活本身锻炼了他。
2. teach和instruct在用法上也不同， teach接sb sth；而instruct接sb in sth. 试比较下面两个句子：
　
　另外，两词接to-v时意思也不同：teach sb to-v的意思是“教某人做某事”，而instruct sb to-v的意思是命令或通知某人做某事。例如：
　He taught us to run the machine.　他教我们开机器。
　We are instructed when to start.　已有人通知我们何时出发。
3. tutor和coach的含义与上述五个词不同，强调的是“个别性”，向一位专门教师学习，或在某小组中学习，即进行个别辅导。其区别是：coach只指补习或辅导，不指教新课，而tutor既可指复习功课，也可指讲授新课。例如：
　I'll coach some of the students this evening.　今晚我要辅导几个学生。
　He is coaching a basketball team.　他正在指导一个篮球队。
　The teacher tutors him to play the piano.　这位教师教他弹钢琴。
　I offered to tutor him in English.　我建议替他补习英文。
 ♣ 下面两组句子中的意思相同：
　
　
 ♣ 下面两个句子的意思不同：
　

1. 她教她的孩子认字。
　［误］ She taught her child read.
　［正］ She taught her child to read.
　［析］ “教某人做某事”应为teach sb to do sth，不定式符号to在这里不能省略。
2. 她不喜欢教阅读。
　［误］ She doesn't enjoy teaching to read.
　［正］ She doesn't enjoy teaching reading.
　［析］ 动词teach后面不可直接用动词不定式作宾语，可以接名词或动名词。
3. 当我撞见我的小兄弟在伤害我的猫以后，我决定教训教训他。
　［误］ I decided to teach my young brother lesson after I caught him hurting my cat.
　［正］ I decided to teach my young brother a lesson after I caught him hurting my cat.
　［析］ teach sb a lesson意为“教训某人”，属固定结构，其中a不可省略。
4. 她在幼儿园教书。
　［误］ She teaches a kindergarten.
　［正］ She teaches in a kindergarten.
　［析］ 误句意为“她教幼儿园”，事实上教的只能是“人”，不能是表地点的名词。在某处教某人（或教书）应表示为teach (sb) in ...。

　teach　所接的动词不定式，是否加疑问词how，往往取决于工艺大小、复杂与否。工艺大、复杂的，多加how；工艺小、简单的，一般不加how. 如：(how) to swim〔dance, ride, type〕等。但在下面的句子中， how不能省略：He taught me how to light a fire without matches.他教我在没有火柴时怎样生火。

　［同义词］ discipline, educate, impart, inform, instruct, school, train, tutor
　［词源］　古英语tæcan（给看，示看，教导，教诲）