1. U C 战争　 fighting between nations, groups within a nation using military force
2. C U 斗争，竞争　 competition; conflict

　avoid ～　避免战争
　conduct a ～　交战，斗争
　declare a ～　宣战
　end a ～　结束战争
　enter ～　参战
　fight a ～　交战，斗争
　force a ～　挑起战争
　go into ～　加入战争
　lose a ～　打败仗
　make a ～　发动战争
　prepare for ～　备战
　prevent a ～　防止战争
　start a ～　开战
　step up a ～　把战争升级
　wage a ～　开展战争
　win a ～　打胜仗
　all-out ～　全面战争
　atomic ～　原子〔核〕战争
　civil ～　内战
　cold ～　冷战
　endless ～　无休止的战争
　full-scale ～　全面战争
　general ～　全面战争
　good ～　正义的战争
　hot ～　真枪实弹的战争
　limited ～　有限战争
　local ～　局部战争
　long ～　长期的战争
　lost ～　战败
　nuclear ～　核战争
　offensive ～　进攻战
　racial ～　种族战
　regional ～　局部战争
　religious ～　宗教战
　revolutionary ～　革命战争
　severe ～　激战
　shooting ～　真枪实弹的战争
　total ～　全面战争
　air ～　空战
　class ～　阶级战争
　price ～　价格战
　star ～　星球大战
　trade ～　贸易战
　world ～　世界大战
　～ orphans　战争孤儿
　after ～　战后
　at ～　交战
　at ～ with　处于跟…交战中
　at ～ with one's neighbors　跟邻国交战，跟邻居争斗
　the bitter fruits of ～　战争的恶果
　the outbreak of ～　战争的爆发
　the outcome of ～　战争的结局
　the prisoners of ～　战俘
　～ against　反击…的战争
　～ between 　…之间的战争
　～ without battle　冷战

　The visit was broken short because there was talk of war.　由于谣传战争，访问提早结束。
　The dawn of peace has appeared, but the danger of war still remains.　和平的曙光已经出现，战争的危险依然存在。
　They were fighting a just war.　他们在打一场正义战争。
　The last century has seen two world wars.　上个世纪经历了两次世界大战。
　Their courage brought the people through the war.　他们的勇气使人民群众熬过了战争。
　They carried the war into the enemy's camp.　他们向敌阵进攻。
　The king made war on his neighbour.　国王向他的邻国开战。
　Everyone cheered the news that World War Ⅱ was over.　每人都为二战结束的消息而欢欣鼓舞。
　On the outbreak of the First Revolutionary Civil War, the Government called in all gold coinage and replaced it by notes.　在第一次国内革命战争爆发的时候，政府下令收回所有的金币，并代之以纸币。
　The city was all burnt down during the the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.　抗日战争期间，这座城市全部给烧毁了。
　His one leg was blown off by a bomb in the American War of Independence.　他的一条腿在美国独立战争中被炸弹炸掉了。
　He was accused of betraying his country during the First World War.　他被指控一战期间叛国。
　Destruction and misery attended on war.　破坏和苦难随战争而来。
　Soldiers are trained for the war of nerves.　士兵们为作神经战而受训练。
　They were happy together, until the civil war came and broke up their home.　他们在一起过得很幸福，直到内战爆发破坏了他们的家园。
　The convention barred the use of the poison gas in the war.　这项公约禁止在战争中使用毒气。
　All his hopes were blasted by the war.　他的所有希望都为战争所破灭。
　The soldier was blinded in the war against disease.　那士兵在同疾病作斗争中双目失明了。
　China was at war with Japan in 1894.　中国于1894年和日本交战。
　They are at war with each other.　他们互相争吵。
　We don't favour underestimating the importance of the art of war.　我们不赞成低估战略和战术的重要作用。
　It goes against the principles of war.　这与军事原则相违背。
　We can never be frightened when the principles of war are concerned.　牵涉到我们的战争原则时，我们是永远也吓不倒的。
　They will furnish you with the necessary war materials.　他们将向你提供必要的军需物资。

 ♣ declare war against
1. 向（某国）宣战 state that one's nation is now at war with (another nation)
　Our government has declared war against the enemy.　我国政府已向敌人宣战。
　China formally declared war against Japan in December 1941.　中国在1941年12月正式对日本宣战。
2. 宣布将尽力与…作斗争 state that one will make every effort to stop or destroy (sth, usually bad)
　Can you declare war against violent crime?　你能和暴力犯罪作斗争吗?
　I declared war against the bad habits.　我与坏习惯作斗争。
　We must declare war against this kind of idea.　我们要与这种思想作斗争。

 ♣ war, battle, combat, conflict, encounter, fight
　参见battle条。

1. 他们在与邻国作战。
　［误］ They are at war against their neighbouring country.
　［正］ They are at war with their neighbouring country.
　［析］ at war后接with表示交战对象，不用against；但wage war之后要用against.
2. 他们同邻国处于交战状态。
　［误］ They are at a war with their neighbouring country.
　［正］ They are at war with their neighbouring country.
　［析］ 表示“处于交战状态”用at war, war前不可加a.
3. 北方向南方宣战。
　［误］ The North has declared war to the South.
　［正］ The North has declared war against the South.
　［析］ 表示“向…宣战”用against，不可用to代替。

　关于两次世界大战的说法，有一个演变过程。在第二次世界大战爆发前，英国人用the Great War指第一次世界大战，而美国人用the World War. 第二次世界大战爆发后，英美两国都把第一次世界大战改称the First World War（也可以说World War I)，而把第二次世界大战称为the Second World War（也可以说World War II)。

1. vi.进行战斗；作战　 make war; wage war
2. vi.斗争　 fight; struggle

　～ continually　不断斗争
　～ effectively　有效地打击
　～ fearlessly　无畏地斗争
　～ fiercely　残忍地斗争
　～ gallantly　英勇地斗争
　～ historically　历史性地斗争
　～ hopelessly　无希望地斗争
　～ manfully　果断地斗争
　～ mortally　你死我活地斗争
　～ savagely　疯狂地斗争
　～ silently　无声地斗争
　～ terrifically　恐怖地斗争
　～ thrillingly　激动地斗争
　～ against　与…斗争
　～ for　为…而战
　～ over　因…而战
　～ with　因…而战

　The two countries have been warring constantly for years.　这两国多年来一直交战。

 ♣ war against　(v.+prep.)
　与…斗争　fight; oppose
　They warred against the opposing army for eight years.　他们与敌人整整打了8年仗。
　He warred against vice.　他与罪恶作斗争。
　We must continue to war against poverty and disease.　我们一定要继续同贫穷和疾病作斗争。
 ♣ war for　(v.+prep.)
　为…而战　fight for sth
　They warred for freedom.　他们为自由而战。
　They are warring for national independence.　他们正在进行民族独立战争。
 ♣ war over　(v.+prep.)
　因…而战争　fight or argue about which side should possess
　They warred over disputed territory.　他们因有争议的领土而进行战争。
 ♣ war with　(v.+prep.)
　与…打仗　fight or oppose with
　The country warred with its neighbours for years.　该国与邻国打了多年仗。
　We shall war with our old enemies and defeat them.　我们将与我们的宿敌继续作战，并且要战胜他们。
　The two armies warred with each other for four years.　两军相互交战了4年。
　The temptation warred with his conscience.　这种诱惑与他的良心作斗争。

　［同义词］ n. battle, combat, conflict v. battle, combat, conflict, encounter, fight
　［反义词］ n. peace
　［词源］　古英语werre（战争）