vt. & vi.擦，拭，抹；擦去，拭去，抹去 rub sth with cloth, paper, hands, etc. to clean or dry it

　～ a bike　擦自行车
　～ a car　擦汽车
　～ a dish　擦碟子
　～ a glass　擦杯子
　～ a pane of glass　擦玻璃
　～ a stain　擦去污点
　～ a table　擦桌子
　～ dirty marks　擦去脏痕
　～ footprints　擦掉脚印
　～ grease　擦去油渍
　～ one's chin　擦下巴
　～ one's eyes　擦眼睛
　～ one's face　擦脸
　～ one's feet　擦脚
　～ one's hands　擦手
　～ one's mouth　擦嘴巴
　～ one's neck　擦脖子
　～ one's nose　擦鼻子
　～ one's tears　擦眼泪
　～ shoes　擦鞋
　～ spit　擦口水
　～ sweat　擦汗珠
　～ the dust　擦去灰尘
　～ the floor　擦地板
　～ the furniture　擦家具
　～ the mud　擦去泥
　～ the washing-up bowl　把洗的碗揩干
　～ windowpanes　擦窗玻璃
　～ abruptly　突然地擦
　～ absent-mindedly　心不在焉地擦
　～ cautiously　细心地擦
　～ cleverly　灵活地擦
　～ completely　彻底擦去
　～ confusedly　慌乱地擦
　～ cunningly　巧妙地擦
　～ deftly　巧妙地擦
　～ dictatorially　专横地擦
　～ eagerly　急切地擦
　～ gently　轻轻擦
　～ gradually　渐渐抹掉
　～ hastily　草草地擦
　～ instantaneously　即刻擦
　～ mechanically　呆板地擦
　～ noiselessly　悄悄地擦
　～ occasionally　偶尔擦
　～ quietly　从容地擦
　～ repeatedly　反复擦
　～ resolutely　果断地擦
　～ sedately　沉着地擦
　～ thoroughly　彻底擦
　～ timidly　胆怯地擦
　～ vigorously　使劲擦
　～ away　擦掉，清除
　～ down　彻底擦去
　～ off　揩去，擦掉，销掉，付清
　～ off evil practice　铲除恶习
　～ off old scores　消除宿怨
　～ out　擦洗（某物的）内部，消灭，毁灭
　～ out a family　灭绝满门
　～ out deficits　消灭赤字
　～ out difficulties　克服困难
　～ out disgrace　雪耻
　～ out illiteracy　扫除文盲
　～ out losses　消除损失
　～ over　随便擦擦
　～ up　擦干（洗过的碗碟等），擦掉（落下的某物或溅出的液体等）
　～ sth off sth　把…从…擦掉
　～ on　在…上擦
　～ with　用…擦

　She wiped vigorously but the stain remained.　她擦得很使劲，可污渍还是擦不掉。
　He went on talking, occasionally wiping at his face with a towel.　他继续说着，偶尔用毛巾擦一下脸。
　Please wipe the top of the table, it is wet.　请擦一下桌面，上面湿。
　She wipes the furniture and the floor every day.　她每天擦家具和地板。
　The waitress was wiping the dishes when the phone rang.　那女服务员正在擦盘子，电话铃响了。
　The teacher wiped the misspelling from the blackboard.　老师把黑板上拼错的字擦了。
　Take this handkerchief and wipe your nose, Mary.　玛丽，拿这块手帕揩揩你的鼻子。
　She wiped sweat from her forehead.　她擦去了额上的汗珠。
　Time had wiped her image from my memory.　时间把她的形象从我的记忆中抹去了。
　She wiped a cloth over the dusty table.　她用布擦拭布满灰尘的桌子。
　He wiped his hand across his forehead.　他用手揩额。
　It takes time to wipe the windowpanes dry and clean.　要把窗户玻璃擦干净需要时间。
　Wipe your face clean.　把脸擦干净。
　After a long argument they decided to wipe the state clean and be friends again.　他们经过长期争论，最后决定不计旧怨，言归于好。
　The blackboard has been wiped clean.　黑板擦干净了。

 ♣ wipe away　(v.+adv.)
　擦掉，清除　remove by or as if by rubbing, clean away by wiping
　He wiped away the grease from the wind screen of the car.　他擦去了汽车挡风玻璃上的油渍。
　The rain then falling wiped away all the footprints.　那时下着雨，把所有的脚印都冲掉了。
　We tried to wipe away all signs of our presence.　我们试图消除我们到场的痕迹。
　And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes.　上帝将把他们的眼泪擦得干干净净。
　She wiped the sweat away from her brow with the back of hand.　她用手背擦掉额上的汗。
 ♣ wipe off¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 揩去，擦掉 remove by wiping
　Paint won't wipe off.　油漆擦不掉。
　Would you please wipe off the table?　请你擦擦桌子好吗?
　Here's a brush to wipe off the mud on your clothes.　用这把刷子刷掉你身上的泥迹。
　The teacher told us not to wipe off what he had written on the blackboard.　老师叫我们别把他写在黑板上的东西擦掉。
　He wiped off the words from the blackboard before I could copy them down.　我还没来得及抄下来，他就把黑板上的那些词擦掉了。
　They wiped off the blood and went into battle again.　他们揩干身上的血迹，又继续投入战斗。
　The girl wiped the dirty marks off.　那女孩擦掉了脏痕。
2. 〈口〉了结（债务） put an end to sth such as a debt
　〔说明〕 wipe off作此解时一般不用于进行体。
　It took five years for the couple to wipe off all the debts.　夫妇俩用了5年时间才把债务还清。
　Tom's uncle sent him a sum of money which enabled him to wipe off his debts.　汤姆的叔叔送给他一笔钱，使他得以还清债务。
　You have helped me so much that I am willing to wipe off the ￡20 you owe me.　你帮了我那么多忙，我愿意把你欠我的20英镑一笔勾销。
　Generously, he agreed to wipe off their small debt to him as a mark of respect for their dead father.　他慷慨大度地答应一笔勾销他们欠他的小额债务，以表示对他们过世父亲的尊敬。
　I shall never feel satisfied until that debt is wiped off.　那笔债不了结，我的心就踏实不下来。
 ♣ wipe off²　(v.+prep.)
　把…从…擦掉　remove sth such as a mark from a surface
　Wipe the dirt off your shoes.　把你鞋子上的脏泥擦掉。
　She stood up to wipe the sweat off her face.　她站起来擦掉脸上的汗水。
　Once inside the factory yard, Mother set her baskets down, wiped the sweat off her face and looked round.　一进工厂大院，母亲便放下篮子，揩掉脸上的汗水，向四周张望。
　I'm sorry. I wiped those words off the blackboard before I remembered that you wanted them left on.　对不起，我把黑板上那些字擦掉了才想起你要保留它们。
 ♣ wipe on　(v.+prep.)
　在…上擦…　clean sth on sth
　Wipe your shoes on the mat before coming into the house.　进入屋子以前，要在垫子上擦鞋。
　He wiped his dirty hands on his apron.　他在围裙上擦他的脏手。
　Wipe wax on the scratched surface.　请把划坏了的表面打上蜡。
 ♣ wipe out　 (v.+adv.)
1. （把器皿里面用抹布）擦净 clean the inside of a vessel by rubbing with a cloth
　It is months since he wiped out the fuel tank.　他好几个月没有擦洗油箱了。
　Don't forget to wipe out the sink when you've finished the dishes.　你洗完盘子后，不要忘记洗刷水槽。
　Could you wipe the basin out?　把洗脸盆里面弄干净好吗?
　We wiped the bottles out before returning to the milkman.　我们把瓶子还给送奶工之前，先把它们擦干净。
　These cups have been thoroughly wiped out.　这些杯子已经擦得干干净净了。
　Make sure that the inside of the coffee pot is thoroughly wiped out.　咖啡壶的里边一定要擦得干干净净。
2. 擦掉（符号） remove the signs of
　These stains won't easily wipe out.　这些斑点不易去掉。
　Wipe out the pencil marks on your textbook!　把你课本上的铅笔道儿擦掉！
　She got angry and wiped out her name on the blackboard.　她生气了，于是就把黑板上写的自己的名字擦掉了。
3. 了结 put an end to sth
　〔说明〕 wipe out作此解时一般不用于进行体。
　This last payment will wipe out your debt to me.　这最后一笔付款将了结你欠我的债务。
　After years of family fighting, the uncles agreed to wipe out old scores so their children could marry.　经过多年家族争斗之后，长辈们同意消除宿怨，以便孩子们可以通婚。
4. 彻底摧毁，消灭 cancel〔destroy〕 sth completely; put an end to sth; kill, destroy or get rid of sb/sth, especially in great numbers
　They wiped him out to keep him from appearing as a witness.　他们把他杀害了，怕他出来作证。
　The epidemic wiped out half the town's population.　流行病夺去了镇上一半人的生命。
　One atom bomb can wipe out thousands of people.　一颗原子弹能杀死成千上万的人。
　We are always ready to wipe out any enemy who dares to attack.　我们时刻准备着消灭一切敢于来犯之敌。
　The enemy wiped out the whole nation.　敌人毁灭了整个国家。
　Doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe out cancer.　医生们正在寻找消灭癌症的医疗方法。
　Centuries ago, this deserted place was a flourishing town, but a tornado is said to have wiped it out.　几个世纪前，这片荒芜的地方曾是一座繁荣的小镇，可据说一场龙卷风扫平了它。
　Smoking in the field is strictly forbidden in the harvest season; a single spark can start a fire that will wipe out all the crop.　收获季节严禁在田地里吸烟，一点儿火星都可能引起一场大火，烧毁所有的庄稼。
　The depression wiped out his savings.　经济萧条使他把存款花光了。
　His generous gift has helped to wipe out our loss.　他的慷慨捐赠帮助我们弥补了损失。
　The wicked must be wiped out.　除恶务尽，斩草除根。
　Thousands of men were wiped out in that battle.　在那次战斗中数以千计的士兵阵亡了。
　A whole battalion of enemy troops were wiped out in the battle.　那场战斗中消灭了敌军整整一个营。
　All four aircrafts were wiped out by missiles fired from the ground.　四架飞机全被地面发射的导弹击毁了。
　The city was completely wiped out.　那座城市被彻底毁灭了。
　Illiteracy has been wiped out in our village.　我们村已经消灭了文盲。
　As time went on, those unpleasant events were gradually wiped out from his memory.　随着时光的流逝，那些不愉快的经历便渐渐地从他的记忆中消失了。
 ♣ wipe up　 (v.+adv.)
　（把洗过的碗碟等用抹布）擦干，擦掉（落下的某物或溅出的液体等） take up liquid etc. by mopping〔rubbing〕　with a cloth, or to dry crockery, etc. after it has been washed; make dry
　Anyone is welcome to use the meeting room but must wipe up the mess afterward.　欢迎大家使用会议室，但用后必须把废弃物清理干净。
　Who is going to wipe up this mess?　谁来把这块乱糟糟的东西擦掉?
　The waitress wiped up the soup spilt over the table.　女服务员擦干了溅在桌上的汤迹。
　Don't let the coffee sink into the carpet; wipe it up.　别让咖啡渗进地毯里，把它擦干。
 ♣ wipe with　(v.+prep.)
　用…擦　clean (sth such as a surface) by rubbing with (a cloth); use (a cloth) for cleaning
　Mother wiped the glasses with a dry towel.　妈妈用一条干毛巾擦干洗好的杯子。
　I like to wipe the windows with a very soft cloth.　我喜欢用非常柔软的布擦窗子。
　He wiped his face and neck with a towel.　他用毛巾擦脸和脖子。
　He wiped the sweat from his brow with his hands.　他用手擦去了额头的汗。

 ♣ wipe with, wipe on
　这两个短语在含义上有细微差别：
　wipe A with B　表示的是“用…擦…”，一般说，A是静的，B是动的；而wipe A on B表示的是“在…上擦…”，一般说，A是动的，B是静的。另外， wipe A on B还含有从A上擦下来的东西附着在B上的意味。注意有的句子只能用wipe with，有的句子只能用wipe on，有的句子用with或on均可。试体会下面三个句子的含义：
　
 ♣ wipe away, wipe off, wipe out, wipe up
　这四个短语的共同意思是“擦干净”，其区别在于：
1. 在构成上， wipe away, wipe out和wipe up都是“动+副”型短语动词；而wipe off则既是“动+副”型短语动词，又是“动+介”型短语动词。
2. 在含义上， wipe away强调“擦下去，擦掉”， wipe off指从表面上擦去， wipe out指把器物的里面擦干净， wipe up则指把洗过的碗碟等擦干或把落下的某物或溅出的液体等擦掉。
3. 在用法上， wipe away, wipe out和wipe up都使用wipe sth ⇔ away〔out, up〕句型；而wipe off除使用wipe sth ⇔ off句型外，还可使用wipe sth off sth句型。
4. wipe out常用来表示“摧毁”“消灭”“杀死”等义， wipe off和wipe up较少用于表示这些意思，而wipe away则一般不用于表示这些意思。在作“消灭”“毁灭”解时， wipe out有“大量”“成批”“不留痕迹”的意味， wipe up则有将被消灭的人〔物〕视如“溅出”之物的意味，暗含一种蔑视的感情。
5. wipe off和wipe out都可表示“了结”，另外两个短语则无此含义。
 ♣ wipe, rub
　这两个动词都有“擦，拭”的意思，其区别简言之即是rub>wipe，具体表现在于：
1. rub的含义除“擦，拭”外，还可表示“摩擦”。例如：
　He bent over and rubbed his sore ankle.　他弯着身子按摩疼痛的脚踝。
　Trainers rub down an athlete after hard exercise.　强化训练之后，教练员为运动员按摩。
2. rub一般说比wipe更用劲。例如：
　Please wipe up the spilt milk.　请把溅出来的牛奶擦干净。
　I rubbed the rust from the old machine.　我把旧机器上的锈擦掉。
3. rub的用具除布、纸等外，还可以用刷子。例如：
　She was rubbing her shoes with a brush.　她正用刷子擦她的鞋子。
4. rub的目的除“干”“净”之外，还有“滑”“亮”。例如：
　She has rubbed up the plate.　她把盘子擦亮了。
 ♣ wipe, clean, sweep
　参见clean条。
 ♣ wipe out, die out
　这两个短语都有“消灭，灭绝”的意思，其区别在于前者的意思是“主动地消灭”，后者的意思是“被动地灭绝”。试比较：
　

1. 请把盘子擦干。
　［误］ Please wipe the dishes dryly.
　［正］ Please wipe the dishes dry.
　［析］ 表示“把…擦干”可以用"wipe+sth+adj."结构，这里dry是宾语dishes的补语，表示动词wipe的动作发生后宾语dishes的变化，形容词dry不可用副词dryly代替。
2. 她擦去桌面上的灰尘。
　［误］ She wiped the dust out of the tabletop.
　［正］ She wiped the dust off the tabletop.
　［析］ out of表示“向外的动作”， off才表示“脱离的动作”。

C 擦，拭，揩，抹，搽 act of wiping

　fetch sb a ～　给某人一记重打
　give a ～　擦一下
　good ～　好好擦一下
　quick ～　迅速的擦
　～ on a towel　用毛巾擦

　Give your nose a good wipe.　把鼻子好好地擦一擦。
　Give this plate a good wipe.　好好擦擦这个盘子。
　Give your hands a wipe on this towel.　用这条毛巾把你的手擦一擦。
　Please give the table mats a quick wipe.　请把桌上的盘碗垫擦一下。
　The cook gave every bowl a wipe before landing food into it.　厨师先把每一只碗都擦了一遍，才盛装食物。
　He fetched me a wipe.　他重重打了我一下。

　［同义词］ v. brush, clean, clear, mop, remove, rub, sponge, take away, take off n. brush, lick, rub
　［词源］　中古英语wipen<古英语wipian（擦，揩，抹）