C 小船，小艇 small open vessel for travelling on water

　anchor a ～　停泊船
　arm a ～　为船配备武器
　board a ～　乘船，登船
　burn one's ～s　破釜沉舟，自断退路
　cast off a ～　解缆放船
　engage a ～　雇用整条船
　fasten a ～　系住船
　get into a ～　上船
　hire a ～　租船
　hoist a ～　把船吊起
　launch a ～　使船下水
　load a ～　装船
　lower a ～　放下小艇
　man a ～　为船配备人员
　manage a ～　操纵船
　miss the ～　错过船
　moor a ～　泊船
　overturn a ～　翻船
　paddle a ～　用桨划船
　pole a ～　用篙撑船
　pull a ～　拉船
　push the ～ at 　〈英口〉挥霍作乐
　push the ～ out 　〈口〉热烈庆祝，狂欢
　put off a ～　放下小艇
　rock a ～　捣乱
　row a ～　划船
　sail a ～　开船
　sail one's own ～　独立行动
　send away ～s to the rescue　派船营救
　steer a ～　驾驶船
　swamp a ～　使船沉没
　take a ～　乘船
　take to the ～s 　（沉船时）登救生艇脱险
　topple a ～　使船倾翻
　unload a ～　卸船
　upset a ～　翻船
　upturn a ～　使船倾翻
　beautiful ～　漂亮的船
　look-out ～　监视船
　new ～　新船
　rescuing ～　救援船
　show ～　〈美〉有戏剧表演的轮船
　small ～　小船
　staunch ～　坚固的船
　swift ～　快船
　wooden ～　木船
　abandoned ～　弃船
　old ～　旧船
　open ～　无甲板船
　cargo ～　货船
　collier ～　运煤船
　diver ～　潜水员用的船
　ferry ～　渡船
　fire ～　消防艇
　fishing ～　渔船
　gun ～　炮艇
　harbour ～　吃水浅的船
　life ～　救生船
　mail ～　邮船
　passenger ～　客船
　pearl ～　珍珠采集船
　patrol ～　巡逻船
　picket ～　巡逻艇
　pirate ～　海盗船
　pleasure ～　游船
　racing ～　赛艇
　rowing ～　划艇
　rubber ～　橡皮船
　sailing ～　帆船
　sauce ～　船形佐料碟
　steam ～　轮船，汽船
　toy ～　玩具船
　tug ～　拖船
　house ～　水上人家
　ice ～　在冰上滑行的船
　～ drill　救生演习
　～ line　系小船的索
　～ man　船工；出租小船的人
　～ race　赛船
　～ train　按时与船衔接的列车，水陆联运列车
　come by ～　乘船来
　cross the river in a ～　乘船过河
　be in the same ～　在同一条船上
　be on the same ～　境遇相同

　The boat measures twenty feet long.　这船长二十英尺。
　The boat pitched about in the storm.　船在风暴中上下颠簸。
　The boat rolled in the waves.　船在波浪中左右摇摆。
　The boat bobbed up and down on the water.　那条船在水中忽浮忽沉。
　The boat sailed for the mouth of the river.　船向河口驶去。
　The boats ran foul of each other.　各船相撞。
　The boat glided swiftly onward over the river.　小船轻捷地在水面向前滑行着。
　When does the next boat sail for Hong Kong? 　下一班开往香港的船什么时间启航?
　The boat tipped up.　那条船翻了。
　The boat toppled over.　那条船翻了。
　The boat canted and upset.　船倾斜后就翻了。
　The boat was overloaded and upset.　那条船因超载而翻了。
　The boat was upset by a squall.　船被暴风刮翻了。
　The boat was blown over by a squall.　船被暴风刮翻了。
　A boat is on the water.　一条船浮在水面。
　The boat is watertight.　这条船不漏水。
　This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.　这船从前航行在中国内河里。
　The boat was loaded with various kinds of cargo.　船上装载着各种货物。
　We took a boat at Wuhan.　我们在武汉乘船。
　We rowed our boat to a nearby island.　我们把小船划到附近的一个小岛。
　They steer a boat with a rudder.　他们用舵驾船。
　They anchored their sailing boat in the bay.　他们把帆船停泊在港湾里。
　All passengers are required to board the boat at once.　要求所有的旅客立即上船。
　Can we hire a boat here?　我们能在此租条船吗?
　She wants to have a handy and useful little boat.　她想有一只轻便有用的小船。
　Are you going to America by boat or by air.　你坐船还是坐飞机去美国?
　He went to the island by boat.　他乘小船上的岛。
　They went to Guangzhou by boat.　他们乘船去广州。
　Are you going to England by boat?　你乘船上英国去吗?
　He came by boat.　他是乘船来的。
　By what boat are you sailing to England? 　你坐什么船到英国去?
　My children are in that boat.　我的孩子们在那条船上。
　What boat are you on now, may I ask?　我可否问一下，你现在在哪条船上工作?
　But the people on the little boats fought back.　然而那小船上的人们又打了回来。
　The harbour is full of pleasure boats.　港口到处都是游船。
　John took me down the river in the old boat.　约翰带我坐这条旧船沿河而下。
　Boat after boat arrived.　各船相继而到。
　Boats for hire: one shilling an hour.　游船出租：每小时一先令。
　All the boat's crew were killed.　全船人员都死了。
　There was a sailing boat in the sea.　海里有只帆船。
　I took part in the boat race.　我参加赛船。

 ♣ be (all) in the same boat　
　命运相同，同舟共济　in similar (difficult) circumstances
　We are in the same boat; we must help each other.　我们既然同舟，就要共济。
　People who are in the same boat help each other.　同舟共济。
　I don't know why you're complaining that you have to pay more; we're all in the same boat.　我不知道你为什么要抱怨你要多付一些，我们现在是难兄难弟。
　We wage earners are all in the same boat during these hard times.　在此困难时期，我们所有这些工薪族命运都一样。
　I should be only too pleased to help you out of your difficulties if I could, but I am in the same boat as you are.　如果我能帮你摆脱困难的话，我是乐意为之的，但你我处境相同呀！
　Times are hard. We are all in the same boat and if you sink us now we will all drown.　岁月艰难，我们同舟共济，如果你现在毁了我们，大家都得完。
 ♣ burn one's boats　
　破釜沉舟，自断退路　take an irrevocable step
　Bob was a good wrestler but a poor boxer. He burned his boats by letting Mickey choose how they would.　鲍勃长于摔跤而短于拳击，可是他自断退路竟让米奇选择打斗的方式。
　David got tired of working in London so he burned his boats and moved up to Scotland and bought a small hotel there.　戴维厌烦在伦敦工作，因此他背水一战迁移到苏格兰，在那里买了一家小旅店。
　Catherine burned her boats when she married him.　凯瑟琳同他结婚时就下决心要结合到老。
　When it came to burning his boats, he wavered.　到了破釜沉舟的时刻，他动摇起来。
　He burned his boats and was ready to do it to the end.　他破釜沉舟，决心干到底。
　I changed my mind about giving up my job, but unfortunately I had burnt my boat by telling my boss that I was leaving.　我已改变了辞职的想法，但很不幸的是，我已自断退路告诉老板我的去意。
 ♣ cross the river by boat〔in a boat〕　
　乘船渡河　go cross the river on a boat
　The pupils crossed the river by boat.　学生们乘小船过河。
　We crossed the lake by boat.　我们乘船渡过湖。
　We crossed the river in a boat.　我们乘船渡河。
　They crossed the stream in a boat.　他们乘船渡河。
 ♣ miss the boat　
　错过机会　miss an opportunity
　We shall have to make up our minds very soon, or we'll miss the boat.　我们必须立即拿定主意，否则就会坐失良机。
　John offered me a share in the venture but I couldn't raise the money in time and I missed the boat.　约翰要把企业的一份股份出让给我，但我不能及时筹款，结果我错失了良机。
　The buyer missed the boat and never got the house when he offered too low a bid.　这位买主出价太低，失去了机会，结果没有买到那幢房子。
　Don't miss the boat!Take advantage of our free offer now!　别错过机会，把握好我方出价的优势。
 ♣ push the boat out　
　庆祝；想方设法玩得痛快　celebrate with drinks; make a special effort; have a good time
　I really pushed the boat out last Friday.　上星期五我玩得很痛快。
　Now that we know we have got that new contract, let's go down the pub and push the boat out.　既然我们知道得到了那个新合同，就让我们去酒店庆祝一下吧。
 ♣ rock the boat　
　破坏现状，捣乱　interfere in an undertaking so as to jeopardize its success
　Don't rock the boat.　不要捣乱。
　They seldom rock the boat or annoy the mayor or board of aldermen with unusual budget requests.　他们很少捣乱或提出过分的预算要求来为难市长或市参议会。
　We'll have enough trouble finishing on time without June rocking the boat.　即使琼不妨碍计划的进行，我们也难以准时完成。
　Now that we are on the way to economic recovery we cannot allow any section of the community to rock the boat by unreasonable demands or irresponsible action.　由于我们现在正处在经济恢复的道路上，我们不能允许社会上无论哪一种以无理要求或不负责任的行动来破坏我们。
　Wilson wants to change the way the company sells its goods, but the profits were very large last year and he's been told not to rock the boat.　威尔森想改变公司销售货物的方法，但去年的营业利润很高，他被告知不要捣乱了。
 ♣ take to a boat　
　乘救生艇逃生　survive on a life boat, continue to live, especially after an ocean crash
　The ship ran a ground and the passengers were told to take to the boats.　船搁浅了，旅客们接到通知，要他们上救生艇。

 ♣ boat, ship
　这两个词都可译为“船”。其区别是：
1. boat指小船， ship指大船，但这并无严格界限，一般说木制的船叫boat，能吊离水面的船叫boat，靠帆和桨行驶的船叫boat，个人拥有的船叫boat；宇宙飞船用ship，航海的船叫ship. 一般机动船则称boat或ship均可。泛指大大小小的各种船只时可用boats，也可用ships. 试比较：They rowed the boat down the river.他们划着船顺河而下。
　The boatmen pulled their boat onto the sand.　船工们把船拖上沙滩。
　Australia ships meat to England.　澳大利亚用船把肉运到英国。
　He has taken ship for India.　他已乘船到印度去了。
　The ship is bound for America.　这艘轮船是开往美洲去的。
　The ship is now on her first voyage.　这只船是初次航行。
　A camel is known as the ship of the desert.　骆驼被认为是沙漠之舟。
2. boat, ship各自构成的复合词和短语很多，各有固定的意思。例如：
　shipmaster　船长〔船主〕， shipwreck船只失事， shipyard船厂，这些词不能用boat代替ship；反之， boat的复合词也不能用ship取代之。如下列船只通常称 boats: fishing boats渔船， sailing boats帆船， rowing boats划艇， motorboats汽艇， ferryboats渡船。国家海军较大的舰船 battleship等通常称ships.
3. 表示“划船游玩”用go boating，不可用 go to boat. boat people不指普通意义的“船民”，而指“乘船逃亡者”，如越南、海地等靠船出逃的难民。例如：
　Many boat people left their homeland only to die on the sea.　许多难民乘船逃出了他们的家园却又葬身于大海之中。
 ♣ 下面各组中的短语意思不同：

　他坐船去长沙。
　［误］ He went to Changsha by the boat.
　［正］ He went to Changsha by boat.
　［正］ He went to Changsha on a boat.
　［正］ He went to Changsha in a boat.
　［析］ 表示“坐船”用in a boat, on a boat或by boat均可。侧重交通方式时用by boat, boat前不加冠词。侧重具体的行为则可用介词on或in，须加冠词a或the.

　burn one's boats　源自古罗马凯撒带兵出征时，渡河后常烧毁船只使士兵后退无路，只能勇往直前，战胜敌人或战死。

1. vi.乘船，划船　 go in boat especially for pleasure
2. vt.用船载运　 convey by a boat

　～ incessantly　持续不断地划船
　～ reluctantly　不情愿地乘船
　～ skilfully　巧妙地用船载运
　～ wholeheartedly　全心全意地划船
　～ sb across the bay　用船摆渡某人过海湾
　～ sb across the river　用船摆渡某人过河
　～ down　乘船沿…直下
　～ on the lake　在湖上划船
　～ with　同（某人）乘船一起游玩

　They are boating on the lake.　他们在湖上划船。
　Let's go boating on the lake.　咱们去湖上划船吧！
　We went boating last Sunday.　上星期日我们去划船了。
　The old man boated me across the river.　那老人将我摆渡过河。
　He boated some bags of rice across the river.　他将几袋大米摆渡过河。

 ♣ boat down　(v.+prep.)
　乘船沿…直下　go down in a river on a boat
　We boated down the river.　我们乘船顺水而下，一路游玩。
 ♣ boat with　(v.+prep.)
　同（某人）乘船一起游玩　go down in a river on a boat
　Will you go boating with me?　和我一块去划船玩好吗?

　［同义词］ n. craft, ship, vessel v. ship
　［词源］　中古英语bot（中空树干）