1. C 刷子；画笔；毛笔　 an instrument with bristles, wire, hair, etc., for cleaning, scrubbing, etc.
2. S 擦，吹拂；刷　 an act of brushing; a quick light touch
3. C 小冲突，小争执，小摩擦　 a short fight or disagreement

　apply a ～ to　用刷子刷…
　attach ～　附加刷子
　clean a ～　把刷子弄干净
　make ～es　制作刷子
　manufacture ～es　制作刷子
　need a ～　需要刷一下，需要一把刷子
　use a ～　使用刷子
　give it another ～　润色，加工一下
　give one's hat a ～　把帽子刷一刷
　give one's suit a quick ～　把衣服很快地刷一下
　give sb the/a ～ 　〈俚〉冷落某人，与某人断绝关系
　give shoes a ～　把鞋子刷一下
　give sth a good ～　把某物好好刷一下
　give the carpet a hard ～　用力刷地毯
　aboriginal ～　原生灌木丛
　antistatic ～　抗静电刷
　Chinese ～　毛笔
　dangerous ～　危险的灌木丛
　fragrant ～　带香味的笔
　magic ～　神笔
　potent ～　有力的笔
　profound ～　深奥的画笔
　ragged ～　参差不齐的灌木丛
　skillful ～　熟练的画笔
　stunted ～　低矮的灌木丛
　tangled ～　缠绕的灌木丛
　writing ～　毛笔
　boot ～　鞋刷
　bottle ～　瓶刷
　clothes ～　衣刷
　hair ～　梳子
　laundry ～　洗衣刷
　scrubbing〔scrub〕 ～　硬毛刷子
　shaving ～　修面刷
　shoe ～　鞋刷
　tooth ～　牙刷
　～ ability　运笔自如
　～ box　刷盒
　～ burn　擦伤
　～ collector　集电刷
　～ finish　粉刷
　～ pencil　画笔
　～ treatment　涂刷处理
　～ wheel　刷轮
　～ wood　砍下的树枝
　～ work　绘画
　at a ～　一举
　at the first ～　最初的一击
　from the same ～　出自同一手笔
　draw with a ～　用画笔画画
　paint with a ～　用刷子涂漆
　write with a ～　用毛笔写字
　narrow ～ with death　差一点丢掉性命的遭遇
　～ with enemy　与敌人的遭遇战
　～ with neighbour　与邻居的小冲突
　the first serious ～ with the issue　第一次认真触及这一争端
　～ with the police　与警察发生的冲突

　The brushes and paints had been set out in the art room.　画室已准备好画笔和颜料。
　He picked his brushes and palette.　他提起画笔和调色板。
　The painter uses several brushes when painting.　这个画家作画时要使用几支画笔。
　The old man likes to use a Chinese brush in writing.　这老人喜欢用毛笔写字。
　Her face will delight the painter's brush.　她的容貌会使画家乐于动笔。
　These pictures are from the same painter's brush.　这些画出自同一个画家的手笔。
　He sells brushes.　他卖刷子。
　I lost my shaving brush.　我的剃须刷丢了。
　Do you have a tooth brush?　你有牙刷吗?
　I bought three tooth brushes yesterday.　我昨天买了三把牙刷。
　Can I have some paint and a paint brush?　我买一把刷子和一些油漆。
　She needs a brush to comb her hair.　她需要一把刷子来梳头发。
　I paint with a brush.　我用画笔作画。
　He made a stroke with a brush.　他大笔一挥。
　She dusted the desk with a brush.　她用拂帚掸掉书桌上的灰尘。
　He painted the wall with a brush.　他用刷子粉刷墙壁。
　Paint goes on more slowly with a brush than with a roller.　用刷子涂漆比用滚筒涂漆慢一些。
　I gave my clothes a good brush.　我把我的衣服彻底刷了一遍。
　Please give the coat a good brush.　请把外套好好刷一刷。
　These shoes need a shoe brush.　这双鞋需要用鞋刷刷一下。
　She ran a brush over her hair again and again.　她把头发梳了又梳。
　She usually gives her hair a brush before she goes out.　她出门时常梳梳头发。
　She gave her hair a quick brush before she went to meet her friend.　她去迎接朋友之前，很快把头发梳理了一下。
　I got a brush from the wheelbarrow.　我被一辆手推车给擦了一下。
　I got a brush from the wheel as it passed.　我被经过的车轮轻轻地擦了一下。
　He felt the brush of the silk dress against him as she passed.　当她走过时，他感觉到她的绸衣在他身上轻轻地拂过。
　She felt the brush of his coat as he hurried by.　他匆匆走过时，她感到他的外衣擦着了她。
　The arrest for speeding was his first brush with the law.　因超速行驶而被拘留是他的首次违法。
　At the first brush, the enemy was repulsed.　敌人在第一次交火时就被击退了。
　After the storm the lawn was littered with brush.　暴风过后草坪上都是断枝。
　The rabbit disappeared into the brush.　野兔消失在灌木丛中。
　It seemed like a good idea at the first brush, but it wouldn't really work.　乍看起来，这好像是个好主意，但实际上行不通。

 ♣ give it another brush
　润色，再加工一下　try to make the painting better
　Before the artist finished his work he liked to give it another brush.　那位画家在完成他的工作之前喜欢润色一下他的作品。
 ♣ give sb the brush off
　拒绝某人…，让某人碰钉子，充耳不闻；不予理睬　terminate a friendship with sb, refuse to hear or believe, quickly and impatiently
　He'd let me down more than once so the next time he asked me for a favour I gave him the brush off.　他已不止一次为难我，因此下次他求我帮助时，我也让他碰碰钉子。
　These guests were given a brush off.　客人们受到了冷遇。
 ♣ have a brush with
　与…发生摩擦，小冲突　have a short fight or disagreement
　She had a brush with her neighbour.　她同邻居发生了一次争吵。
　He had a brush with the customs men.　他和海关人员发生小冲突。
　The demonstrators had a brush with the police.　示威者同警察发生了摩擦。
　I had a little brush with my wife just now; that's all right.　我刚与妻子发生了一点口角，不过没什么。
　He has had a few brushes with them.　他曾与他们有点摩擦。
　In everyday life you may sometimes have a brush with other people.　在日常生活中，你有时会与别人有点小摩擦。
　The young man has already had a brush with the law.　那个小伙子已经有过一次小小的违法行为。
　The only time I had a brush with the law was when I was falsely accused of taking away a car without the owner's consent.　我唯一的一次差一点险些碰到法律的行为是，我被诬告没有得到主人的同意就将其车开走。
　The motorcyclist had a brush with danger as he skidded round the bend.　摩托车驾驶员在道路弯曲处打滑了，差一点出了危险。
 ♣ tarred with the same brush
　一路货色；有相同的缺点 assumed to have the same〔bad〕　qualities as one's associates
　She's a friend of that liar Jane and is probably tarred with the same brush.　她是那个爱说谎的珍妮的朋友，也许她也是一路货色。

　我们穿过丛林。
　［误］ We walked through the brushes.
　［正］ We walked through the brush.
　［析］ brush作“丛林”解时，为不可数名词，不能用brushes.

1. vt. & vi.擦；刷　 rub with a brush
2. vt. & vi.轻触，掠过　 touch lightly against (sb/sth) in passing

　～ bookshelf　刷书架
　～ box　刷箱子
　～ chair　刷椅子
　～ cheek　拂过脸颊
　～ coat　刷大衣
　～ face　吹脸
　～ floor　扫地
　～ hair　梳头发
　～ nail　刷指甲
　～ paint　刷漆
　～ shaving　刷面
　～ shoes　刷鞋
　～ teeth　刷牙
　～ wall　刷墙
　～ aimlessly　无目的地刷
　～ effectively　有效地画
　～ gently　轻轻地刷
　～ hastily　匆忙地刷
　～ interminably　没完没了地刷
　～ lightly　轻轻擦过
　～ monotonously　单调地画
　～ nervously　紧张地刷
　～ skillfully　熟练地画
　～ slowly　慢慢拂过
　～ tenderly　轻轻地刷
　～ vigorously　强有力地擦过
　～ vivaciously　有生气地画
　～ aside　不理，不顾，无视，漠视
　～ difficulties aside　不顾困难
　～ objections aside　不顾反对意见
　～ opposition aside　漠视反抗
　～ the snow aside　扫雪
　～ away　刷去，拂去，无视，漠视
　～ away a fly with one's hand　用手赶走苍蝇
　～ away the dust　拂去灰尘
　～ away tears　拭去眼泪
　～ down　刷下来，刷净，责骂
　～ down one's skirt　把裙子刷干净
　～ off　刷去，拂去，跑脱，逃掉
　～ dirt off　把灰尘刷掉
　～ off the dust　拂去灰尘
　～ off sb's questions　对某人提的问题不予理睬
　～ over　轻刷，轻轻地上色
　～ up　重新学习，复习，改进，润饰
　～ up against　轻轻触到，遇到
　～ up one's act　检点自己的行为
　～ up one's article　修改稿子
　～ up one's English　重新复习英语
　～ against　擦，碰
　～ with a pencil　用铅笔绘画

　Brush after each meal.　饭后刷牙。
　I brush twice, what about you?　我每天刷两次牙，你呢?
　The boy brushed by me in a rude way.　小男孩从我旁边经过时，冒失地碰撞了我。
　I'll brush the floor.　我来刷地板。
　The servant brushes his hat.　佣人刷他的帽子。
　He began to brush his jacket.　他开始刷他的夹克衫。
　He often brushes his overcoat.　他经常刷他的大衣。
　You must brush your shoes; they are very dirty.　你的鞋太脏了，得刷一刷。
　An elderly servant slowly brushed the carpet.　一位上了年纪的仆人慢慢地擦地毯。
　He brushed his clothes on Sunday.　他在星期天洗了衣服。
　She likes to brush her hair.　她喜欢梳理头发。
　Brush your teeth at least twice a day.　一天至少要刷两次牙。
　I brush my teeth every morning.　我每天早晨刷牙。
　You must brush your teeth before going to bed.　睡觉前你必须刷牙。
　It's a good habit to brush your teeth twice a day.　每天刷牙两次是个好习惯。
　After getting up, she brushes her teeth and combs her hair.　起床后她刷牙、梳头。
　She came down to breakfast in a hurry, not having brushed her teeth.　她匆匆忙忙地下楼吃早饭，连牙也没刷。
　A cool breeze brushed his face, ruffling his hair.　一阵凉风迎面拂来，吹乱了他的头发。
　The leaves of the trees brushed my face as I ran through the forest.　我从森林里跑过时，树叶拂过我的脸。
　Some kinds of bamboo grow very fast. If they are growing near a house, their slim leaves brush the roof gently and cool the house with their shade.　有些种类的竹子长得非常快。如果这些竹子生长在房子附近，它们纤细的叶子轻轻擦过屋顶，房子由于它们的树阴而凉快下来。
　His lips brushed her ear.　他用嘴唇轻轻地吻了一下她的耳朵。
　The bicycle just brushed me as it passed.　那辆自行车与我擦身而过。
　Then he took a brush and he brushed the dog until her fur began to shine.　然后他拿一把刷子在狗身上刷，一直到它的毛开始发亮为止。
　The spider web brushed my forehead.　我的前额碰着了蜘蛛网。
　My left hand brushed the wall and found the doorknob.　我的左手顺着墙摸过去就找到了门的把手。
　The floor has been brushed by the students.　学生们已把地板擦过了。
　Please help me to brush my shoes clean.　请帮我把鞋擦干净。
　Brush the blackboard clean, please.　请把黑板擦干净。
　She brushed his hat clean.　她将他的帽子刷净。

 ♣ brush against　(v.+prep.)
　碰，擦　touch; bump
　A drunkard brushed against me in a rude way.　一个醉汉从我身边经过时粗鲁地碰了我一下。
　His car brushed against mine.　他的汽车擦着我的汽车开过去。
　She brushed against a chair as she rushed in.　她飞跑进来时碰倒了一张椅子。
　Something brushed against the back of the case.　有什么东西擦着了箱子的背面。
　He brushed against the door as he entered the room.　他进入房间时，身子和房门碰了一下。
　If we happened to brush carelessly against the over-hanging rocks they would crash down at any moment.　如果我们不小心偶然碰着那些悬空的岩石，它们随时都可能掉下来。
　I am brushed against by cyclists.　我被骑车人一擦而过。
　The child was brushed against by a motorcycle.　这孩子被一辆摩托车擦了一下。
 ♣ brush aside〔away〕　(v.+adv.)
1. 把（某物）扫掉，刷掉或抹掉 sweep (sth) away with a brush or one's hand
　He brushed aside the tears with his sleeve.　他用衣袖擦去泪水。
　Our scouts brushed aside in one breath all the mines laid by the enemy.　我们的侦察兵把敌人埋的地雷一下子全排除了。
　The advancing flood waters brushed houses and cars aside like matchsticks.　滚滚向前的洪水像扫除火柴杆一样地把房屋和汽车都冲掉了。
　She brushed away a tear.　她擦掉眼泪。
　Brushing away her tears she promised to return.　她抹掉泪珠，答应回来。
　He brushed away the dust from the old machine and discovered that it could still be put use after some minor repairs.　他把旧机器上的灰尘扫去后，发现这部机器稍加修理还可使用。
　They brushed the leaves away.　他们扫除了树叶。
2. 轻而易举地对付（敌人） deal successfully with (an enemy)
　Brushing the enemy aside, we swept into the next town.　我们击溃了敌人，长驱直入下一个城池。
3. 无视，不顾，漠视（某情况等） refuse to pay attention to (sth)
　He brushed the whole business away.　他不理会整个这件工作。
　You can't just brush it away like this!　你不能就这样漠视它。
　Brushing away all opposition he put the matter to a vote.　他不顾所有的反对意见，把此事付诸表决。
　Brushing away the adverse reports of his scouts, the general ordered the attack at dawn.　将军不顾侦察兵报告的不利情况，下令拂晓进攻。
　You can't brush your difficulties aside in that easy manner.　你不能对困难掉以轻心。
　He brushed the papers aside.　他把文件堆在一旁，不予理睬。
　Most of us admit study as something important, but brush it aside at busy times.　我们大多数人都承认学习是重要的，可一忙起来就把它忽视了。
　The boss brushed aside all our objections.　老板对我们的反对意见置之不理。
　The chairman brushed aside my suggestion.　主席没有采纳我的建议。
　She had now completely brushed aside his repeated instructions.　这时，她把他反复讲过的话，全都抛到脑后。
　The teacher brushed aside all objections made by the students.　老师对同学们提出来的反对意见统统置之不理。
　Brushing aside all oppositions, the committee passed the motion.　委员会不顾反对意见，通过了这项提案。
　As a leading comrade, one should not brush aside the suggestions and criticisms from the masses, but take them into serious consideration.　当领导应该认真考虑而不应该无视来自群众的建议和批评。
　He brushed aside thoughts of his own safety as he dived into the river to rescue the child.　他把个人安危置之度外，跳入河中抢救小孩。
　His opinions cannot be brushed aside.　他的意见不能漠然视之。
　I don't like being brushed aside like this.　我不喜欢让人家这样瞧不起。
　One member of the committee wished to put an amendment, but it was brushed aside by the chairman.　有一名委员希望提出一项修正案，但主席对此不予理会。
　He didn't expect to be brushed aside like that.　他没想到会受到那样的冷遇。
　His idea for going abroad was brushed aside by his father.　父亲不同意他出国的想法。
　We have to learn to work with others, and many of our own ideas have to be brushed aside for the good of the whole.　我们必须学会同他人合作，而且为了整体的利益，我们自己的许多想法必须撇开。
 ♣ brush down　(v.+adv.)
1. 从…刷掉，掸掉或拂去灰尘或脏东西；把…刷干净 remove dust and dirt from (sb or oneself)
　Come and help me to brush the horses down.　来，帮我给马刷刷。
　She picked herself up, brushed herself down, and started walking again.　她爬起来，掸掸身上的灰尘，又往前走去。
2. 斥责（某人） scold (sb) for a fault
　I could hear the director brushing Jim down for being late again.　我听到主任正训斥吉姆再次迟到。
 ♣ brush off¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 刷掉，掸掉或拂掉（某物） (cause to) be removed or cleaned with a brush
　This kind of mud brushes off easily when it dries.　这种泥土干后很容易刷净。
　Dried mud on the shoes brushes off easily.　鞋上的污泥干后一刷就落。
　Don't worry about that mark; it will brush off.　别担心那个斑点，用刷子能把它刷掉。
　Please brush this insect off.　请把这只虫掸掉。
2. 〈口〉拒绝听，不理睬 refuse to listen to (sth) or have a relationship with (sb)
　I didn't expect her to brush us off like this.　我没有料到她会这样拒绝我们。
　Jim's girlfriend brushed him off before he met Mary.　吉姆的女友在他结识玛丽之前就把他甩了。
　He tried to start a conversation but she brushed him off.　他想搭讪，但她不理睬他。
　She brushed me off when I invited her to go to the movies with me yesterday.　我昨天邀请她和我一起去看电影时，她拒绝了我。
　I invited him to watch an opera with me yesterday, but he brushed me off.　昨天我邀请他同我一起看戏，但他毫不客气地拒绝了。
　I've tried to make contact with them, but they've brushed me off.　我本来想和他们接触接触，但是他们都不理睬我。
　Eva went up to speak to her employer, but he brushed her off impatiently.　伊娃上前和她的雇主说话，但他不耐烦地不理睬她。
　The mayor hurried into his office, brushing off the reporters.　市长赶快走到办公室，拒不接见记者。
　The mayor brushed off the reporter's question with a joke.　市长用句笑话打发掉记者的问题。
　She brushed off all our suggestions.　她拒不采纳我们的建议。
　He has brushed the whole matter off.　他把整个事情都丢弃了。
　He cut his finger but he brushed it off as not important and kept working.　他割破了手指，但仍若无其事地继续工作。
　The committee brushed off his enquiries with meaningless promises.　委员会用毫无意义的许诺来搪塞他的要求。
　She brushed off every suggestion with a shrug and raised eyebrows.　她对每个建议都耸耸肩，扬起眉毛加以拒绝。
　He brushed off her warning that he might fall from the roof.　她告诫他，说他会从屋顶摔下来，他却充耳不闻。
　John brushed off Peter's warning that he might fall from the tree.　彼得警告约翰当心别从树上跌下来，约翰却不理睬。
　He has never been brushed off so rudely before.　他从来没有遭到过如此粗鲁的拒绝。
　I don't know why our suggestions have been brushed off.　我不知道为什么我们的建议被拒绝了。
 ♣ brush off²　(v.+prep.)
　刷掉，掸掉或拂掉（某物）　(cause to) be removed or cleaned with a brush
　He brushed the snow off his clothes and went inside.　他把身上的雪拂去，然后才进去。
　She brushed the dirt off my coat.　她刷去我衣服上的灰尘。
 ♣ brush over　(v.+adv.)
1. 刷或扫（某处） sweep (a place)
　He brushed the coat over.　他把大衣全刷了。
　Please brush the floor over when you have finished.　干完活后把地扫一扫。
2. 不经心地谈到… speak about (sth)
　The chairman brushed over the question of your appointment.　主席略提了一下你的任命问题。
 ♣ brush past¹　(v.+adv.)
　经过时触及某人〔物〕 pass (sth/sb)，　touch-ing lightly
　I wanted to speak to her, but she just brushed past.　我想同她讲话，可是她很快就走过去了。
　There was only just room to brush past in the crowd.　在人群中只有探着身子才能过去的空隙。
　Don't bother to move. I think I can just brush past.　不必麻烦动了，我想我能擦身挤进去。
 ♣ brush past²　(v.+prep.)
　经过时触及某人〔物〕 pass (sth/sb)，　touching lightly
　He brushed past me in a rude way.　他粗鲁地从我身旁擦过。
　Mr. Smith brushed past me in the street.　史密斯先生在街上和我擦肩而过。
　He brushed past the secret agents and quickly strolled out of the teahouse.　他从特务身边走过，从容地出了茶馆。
　He brushed past the reporters without making any comment.　他从这些记者旁擦身而过，没作任何评论。
　When they brushed past each other in the corridor, he noticed that she was wearing a new perfume.　当他们在走廊里擦肩而过时，他注意到她用了一种新的香水。
 ♣ brush up　(v.+adv.)
1. 向上梳（某物） raise (sth) by brushing
　Don't brush my hair up the wrong way; it hurts.　别把我的头发往上瞎梳，这样太疼了。
2. 〈非正〉使提高或完善 improve (sth) by brushing
　I would like to brush up my zoology.　我想重新温习一下动物学。
　My English has got rusty;I must brush it up.　我的英语荒疏了，我得重新温习一下。
　She thought of brushing up her shorthand.　她想到要复习一下过去学过的速记术。
　I shall have to brush up my mathematics before I take on that job.　在接受那项工作以前，我得把数学重新温习一下。
　You'd better brush up your article before you read it to the conferees at the meeting.　在会上发言前你最好把自己的稿子修改一下。
　His spoken Arabic was hurriedly brushed up before he started for the Middle East.　他在动身去中东以前，把阿拉伯口语匆匆复习了一下。
 ♣ brush up against　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 轻轻地敲（某物） knock lightly against (sth)
　I brushed up against the door, and some of the wet paint came off onto my coat.　我去轻轻地敲门，结果我的外套上粘上了一点门上未干的油漆。
2. 意外地遇到 meet (usually trouble) unexpectedly
　He has brushed up against trouble.　他碰到了麻烦。
　I hadn't thought that we would brush up against so much opposition in this town.　我未曾想到在这个镇上会遇到这么多反对。
 ♣ brush up on　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　复习　review
　I really need to brush up on my French.　我确实需要提高我的法语水平。
　She spent the summer brushing up on her American History as she was to teach that in the fall.　她利用夏天温习了美国历史，因为她秋季要讲授那门课程。
　Jack can't go with you because he needs to brush up on his notes.　杰克不能同你一块儿去，因为他需要温习笔记。
　I'm going to brush up on those medical terms, some of which I may come across some day in my translation duties.　我得复习一下那医学术语，以后在翻译中可能会碰到一些的。
　You had better brush up on your backstroke if you are playing with him.　如果你要同他比赛，你最好重新练习一下反手击球。

 ♣ brush, glance, graze, shave, skim
　这组词都有“擦”“拂”的意思。其区别是：brush的动作像刷子一样在某物表面上刷；有时指抚摸或轻擦，以弄散某种东西。graze指子弹或其他快速运动的物体迅速擦过，例如：
　The wing seemed to graze the treetops as the plane climbed away.　飞机爬升时，机翼似乎擦过树梢。
　glance　表示“擦过”，多指未成功的“刺，击，砍”所造成的从身边擦过，例如：
　The sword glanced off the shield.　剑擦盾而过。
　shave　表示“擦过，掠过”，指像刀片刮脸那样紧贴着轻轻地擦过，往往含有“险些弄伤”的意思，例如：
　I cut myself while I was shaving.　我刮胡子时把自己的脸刮破了。
　skim　表示“掠过”，不含危险或伤害的意思，例如：
　The plane skimmed the treetops.　飞机从树梢上掠过。

　［同义词］ n. broom, bush, encounter, scrub, thicket, whisk
　［词源］　古英语broisse <中古英语brushe（刷）