英语词汇chalk的意思、翻译、用法及例句-英语用法大全

chalk

☞chalkn. [tʃɔːk]　(chalks)

双解释义

1. U 制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩　 this or a similar substance made into white or coloured sticks for writing or drawing on blackboard
2. U C 粉笔　 one of these sticks

基本要点

1. chalk的基本意思是指“制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩”，表示一种物质，是不可数名词。
2. 作“粉笔”讲时，一般用作不可数名词，但说“各种颜色的粉笔”时，则要用复数。表示“一支粉笔”时用a piece of chalk，“两支粉笔”用two pieces of chalk，“一盒粉笔”用a box of chalk，“一盒彩色粉笔”用a box of coloured chalks.

词汇搭配

动词+～

　break ～　折断粉笔
　make ～　制作粉笔

形容词+～

　coloured ～　彩色粉笔
　French ～　滑石粉
　red ～　红粉笔
　tailor's ～　划粉，滑石粉

～+名词

　～ dust　粉笔末
　～ downs　白垩质高地

介词+～

　by a long ～　远远地，（差得）很远
　picture drawn in ～　粉笔画
　write in ～　用粉笔写
　a piece of ～　一支粉笔
　a stick of ～　一根粉笔
　mark with ～　用粉笔做记号
　write with ～　用粉笔写字

句型例句

　The teacher wrote with a stick of chalk.　老师用粉笔写字。
　They were drawing patterns on the blackboard in colored chalks.　他们用彩色粉笔在黑板上画图案。

常用短语

♣ as different as chalk and cheese
　截然不同，本质上完全不同　entirely different
　Attending a cookery class once a week and running your own house are as different as chalk and cheese, my girl, as you'll very soon find out.　每周去一次烹调班和管理你们自己的家根本不同，我的姑娘，这点你很快就会发现的。
　The two brothers resembled each other physically, but were as different in their natures as chalk and cheese.　这兄弟二人外貌相像，但性格截然不同。
♣ by a long chalk
　大大地，很大程度上　by a wide margin
　The problem isn't solved yet by a long chalk.　这个问题尚未解决，离解决还差很远。
　We're not beaten yet, by a long chalk.　我们还没有败，远远没有败。
　As a pitcher, John is better than James by a long chalk.　作为一名棒球投手，约翰比詹姆斯高明得多。

☞chalkv. [tʃɔːk]　(chalks; chalked; chalk-ing)

双解释义

　vt.　用粉笔写、画、作记号 mark, write, or draw with chalk

基本要点

　chalk　的基本意思是“用粉笔写、画、作记号”，是及物动词，接名词或代词作宾语，可用于被动结构。

词汇搭配

～+名词

　～ the date　记下日期

～+副词

　～ out　用粉笔标出
　～ up　用粉笔记录

句型例句

用作及物动词

▲ S+～+n./pron.

　The inspector chalked OK on my bag.　检查员用粉笔在我的包上写了OK.
　Chalk down the song on the blackboard, please.　请把这首歌抄在黑板上。

常用短语

♣ chalk out　(v.+adv.)

▲ chalk sth ⇔ out

1. 用粉笔标出（图样、计划等），打图样 draw sth with chalk
　She chalked out a design on the blackboard.　她用粉笔在黑板上画出一个图样。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　Goalposts were roughly chalked out on the playground wall.　操场的墙上已经标出了球门柱的轮廓。
2. 概略地说明 describe sth in words in a general way
　The general chalked out his plan of attack.　将军简略地叙述他的进攻计划。
♣ chalk up　(v.+adv.)
1. 记下，记录 record; score

▲ chalk sth ⇔ up

　We shall chalk up his good points.　我们将记下他的优点。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　The results were chalked up on the blackboard as soon as they came in.　比分一出来就记在黑板上。
　Several important milestones in foreign policy have been passed by this Congress and they can be chalked up as major accomplishments.　这次代表大会通过了对外政策中几起划时代的事件，并且它们可作为主要成就记录下来。
　He may accept your apology, but the offence will be chalked up against you.　他也许会接受你的道歉，但你的冒犯将被记恨在心。
2. 得到，取得 achieve or register

▲ chalk up

　In the first six months of this year the hotel-owner will have chalked up, round the world, thirteen opening ceremonies.　今年前6个月，这位旅馆的老板将会达到接纳世界上13个开幕式的记录。

▲ chalk sth ⇔ up

　The team chalked up another victory last week.　该队在上周又取得一次胜利。
3. 归因于 record on sb's or one's own account

▲ chalk sth ⇔ up to sth/v-ing

　She noticed herself getting tired easily. She chalked it up to getting older.　她注意到自己容易疲倦，她认为这是自己衰老的缘故。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　His failure can be chalked up to lack of experience.　他的失败可归因于缺乏经验。

补充资料

　［词源］　古英语cealc<拉丁语calc（石灰石，白垩）

词组	chalk
释义	chalk ☞chalkn. [tʃɔːk]　(chalks) 双解释义 1. U 制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩　 this or a similar substance made into white or coloured sticks for writing or drawing on blackboard 2. U C 粉笔　 one of these sticks 基本要点 1. chalk的基本意思是指“制造白色或彩色粉笔的白垩”，表示一种物质，是不可数名词。 2. 作“粉笔”讲时，一般用作不可数名词，但说“各种颜色的粉笔”时，则要用复数。表示“一支粉笔”时用a piece of chalk，“两支粉笔”用two pieces of chalk，“一盒粉笔”用a box of chalk，“一盒彩色粉笔”用a box of coloured chalks. 词汇搭配动词+～　break ～　折断粉笔　make ～　制作粉笔形容词+～　coloured ～　彩色粉笔　French ～　滑石粉　red ～　红粉笔　tailor's ～　划粉，滑石粉～+名词　～ dust　粉笔末　～ downs　白垩质高地介词+～　by a long ～　远远地，（差得）很远　picture drawn in ～　粉笔画　write in ～　用粉笔写　a piece of ～　一支粉笔　a stick of ～　一根粉笔　mark with ～　用粉笔做记号　write with ～　用粉笔写字句型例句　The teacher wrote with a stick of chalk.　老师用粉笔写字。　They were drawing patterns on the blackboard in colored chalks.　他们用彩色粉笔在黑板上画图案。常用短语 ♣ as different as chalk and cheese 　截然不同，本质上完全不同　entirely different 　Attending a cookery class once a week and running your own house are as different as chalk and cheese, my girl, as you'll very soon find out.　每周去一次烹调班和管理你们自己的家根本不同，我的姑娘，这点你很快就会发现的。　The two brothers resembled each other physically, but were as different in their natures as chalk and cheese.　这兄弟二人外貌相像，但性格截然不同。 ♣ by a long chalk 　大大地，很大程度上　by a wide margin 　The problem isn't solved yet by a long chalk.　这个问题尚未解决，离解决还差很远。　We're not beaten yet, by a long chalk.　我们还没有败，远远没有败。　As a pitcher, John is better than James by a long chalk.　作为一名棒球投手，约翰比詹姆斯高明得多。 ☞chalkv. [tʃɔːk]　(chalks; chalked; chalk-ing) 双解释义　vt.　用粉笔写、画、作记号 mark, write, or draw with chalk 基本要点　chalk　的基本意思是“用粉笔写、画、作记号”，是及物动词，接名词或代词作宾语，可用于被动结构。词汇搭配～+名词　～ the date　记下日期～+副词　～ out　用粉笔标出　～ up　用粉笔记录句型例句用作及物动词 ▲ S+～+n./pron. 　The inspector chalked OK on my bag.　检查员用粉笔在我的包上写了OK. 　Chalk down the song on the blackboard, please.　请把这首歌抄在黑板上。常用短语 ♣ chalk out　(v.+adv.) ▲ chalk sth ⇔ out 1. 用粉笔标出（图样、计划等），打图样 draw sth with chalk 　She chalked out a design on the blackboard.　她用粉笔在黑板上画出一个图样。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　Goalposts were roughly chalked out on the playground wall.　操场的墙上已经标出了球门柱的轮廓。 2. 概略地说明 describe sth in words in a general way 　The general chalked out his plan of attack.　将军简略地叙述他的进攻计划。 ♣ chalk up　(v.+adv.) 1. 记下，记录 record; score ▲ chalk sth ⇔ up 　We shall chalk up his good points.　我们将记下他的优点。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　The results were chalked up on the blackboard as soon as they came in.　比分一出来就记在黑板上。　Several important milestones in foreign policy have been passed by this Congress and they can be chalked up as major accomplishments.　这次代表大会通过了对外政策中几起划时代的事件，并且它们可作为主要成就记录下来。　He may accept your apology, but the offence will be chalked up against you.　他也许会接受你的道歉，但你的冒犯将被记恨在心。 2. 得到，取得 achieve or register ▲ chalk up 　In the first six months of this year the hotel-owner will have chalked up, round the world, thirteen opening ceremonies.　今年前6个月，这位旅馆的老板将会达到接纳世界上13个开幕式的记录。 ▲ chalk sth ⇔ up 　The team chalked up another victory last week.　该队在上周又取得一次胜利。 3. 归因于 record on sb's or one's own account ▲ chalk sth ⇔ up to sth/v-ing 　She noticed herself getting tired easily. She chalked it up to getting older.　她注意到自己容易疲倦，她认为这是自己衰老的缘故。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　His failure can be chalked up to lack of experience.　他的失败可归因于缺乏经验。补充资料　［词源］　古英语cealc<拉丁语calc（石灰石，白垩）
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