1. vt.把…归档　 place in a file; place on record
2. vt.提交（申请等），呈递　 send sth so that it may be recorded
3. vi.排成纵队前进　 march or walk in the specified direction in a single line
4. vt.用锉锉　 cut or shape with a file

　～ an application　递交申请
　～ letters　把信件归档
　～ a petition　提交请愿书
　～ a suit against sb　告某人一状
　～ away　把…归档，排成纵队出发，把…锉平
　～ away letters　把信件归档
　～ away the rough edges　把粗边锉平
　～ off　排成纵队出发
　～ out　鱼贯而出，陆续退出
　～ by　成纵队走过
　～ for　提出…申请
　～ for divorce　申请离婚
　～ for a job　申请就业
　～ in　鱼贯而入，陆续编入
　～ into　成纵队进入
　～ into the room　鱼贯而入房间
　～ on application　提出申请书
　～ out of the room　鱼贯走出房间
　～ past　成纵队走过…
　～ past the rostrum　列队走过检阅台

　They filed an application to have their case heard early.　他们申请早日审理他们的案子。
　It was announced the Vice Director had filed his resignation.　已公布副局长书面提出辞呈。
　She was filing her nails.　她在锉指甲。
　They are filing the teeth of a saw.　他们正在用锉子锉锯齿。
　Adoption papers were duly filed in May 1974.　有关收养的文件在1974年5月就已归档好。
　He filed the wood smooth.　他把木头锉光滑。
　Try to file the nail sharp.　设法把钉子锉尖。

 ♣ file away　(v.+adv.)
1. 存档（备查） store sth where it can be consulted
　I'll ask the secretary to file these letters away.　我让秘书把这些信件归档。
　I'll file his name away for future use.　我把他的名字记住，将来有用。
　Just file this correspondence away under "Forecasts of Sales", will you, Miss Brown?　布朗小姐，请将这封信件归在“销售预报”一档里，好吗?
　They don't read the letters from the peasants. They just file them away.　他们对农民的来信并不看而是归档保存起来。
2. 锉掉 remove
　You have to file away for hours to get this metal smooth.　你得锉上几个小时才能使这金属变得光滑。
　He files away the rough edges.　他把粗毛边锉去。
　The owner's name marked on this cigarette lighter has been filed away by the thief.　打火机上主人的名字已被这个贼锉掉了。
 ♣ file down　(v.+adv.)
　将某物锉光滑，锉小　make sth smooth and smaller in size by using a filing
　The door won't fit, you'll have to file it down.　这门关不上，你得把它锉一锉 。
　File down the woodwork before you paint it.　上油漆前，先把这木器打磨光滑。
　My nails are too long, I must file them down.　我的指甲太长了，必须把它们磨小。
 ♣ file for　(v.+prep.)
　〈美〉申请，诉之法律　 apply to; bring an action to a lawcourt
　The actor's wife has filed for divorce again.　这位演员的妻子再一次申请离婚。
　How many people have filed for this office?　有好多人申请进入这办事处工作吗?
 ♣ file in　(v.+prep.)
　鱼贯而入　march into
　The students filed in the classroom.　学生们鱼贯而入教室。
 ♣ file onto　(v.+prep.)
　排成纵队朝某方向前进　march in the specified direction in a single line
　The men filed onto the parade ground.　士兵们排成单行进入阅兵场。
 ♣ file out of　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　鱼贯而出　go out in a single
　The jury filed out of the courtroom.　陪审员们从法庭里鱼贯而出。
　When there is a fire, people file out of the building in an orderly way.　失火时，人们要一个接一个地离开大楼。
 ♣ file past　(v.+prep.)
　走过　go past
　The soldiers filed past the general.　士兵们排成单行从将军面前走过。
　Hundreds of people filed past the body of the dead leader, to pay their last respects.　数百人排队瞻仰逝世领导人的遗容。
 ♣ file through　(v.+prep.)
1. 锉断 file sth to be broken
　The prisoner had filed through the steel bars and escaped.　那囚犯锉断钢条逃跑了。
2. 排队行进 march through in a single
　The undergrowth was so thick that we had to file our way through it.　下层灌木丛太密，我们只得成纵队行进。
 ♣ file with　(v.+prep.)
　提交　give sth to
　He has filed his resignation with the manager.　他已向经理提出辞呈。
　She filed an application with several employment agencies.　她已经向几个职业介绍所提交了求职申请书。
　He filed an accusation with the police.　他向警方申诉。
　A lot of applications have been filed with the department.　这个部门接到许多求职申请书。
　The document has been filed with the director.　文件已经交给主任了。

1. C 文件夹，公文箱　a box for storing papers in an ordered way in an office
2. C 卷宗，文件；计算机文件　 store of papers on one subject; organized collection of related data or material in a computer
3. C 纵列　 line of people or things one behind the other

　confidential ～　机密档案
　data ～　数据文件
　text ～　文本档案
　～ name　档案名

　Fran came in holding a blue file.　弗兰拿着一个蓝色的文件夹进来了。
　Put this letter in the main file.　将这函件放入文卷总档中。
　The soldiers were walking in single file.　战士们排成一列纵队前进。

 ♣ file on
　有关…的资料　material about sth
　The police have a file on him.　警方存有他的档案。
 ♣ on file
　存档，有案可查　kept in a file
　This card should be kept on file for reference.　此卡应归档备查。
　Do you have an application on file with us?　你向我们提出的申请书有案可查吗?
 ♣ the rank and file
　列兵，普通老百姓　soldiers; common people
　The payment offered to the rank and file is extremely poor.　列兵的待遇极低。

 ♣ file, line, row
　参见row条。

　［同义词］ n. document
　［反义词］ n. rank
　［词源］古英语fil（线）<希腊语pirkos（锋利）