1. C 手　 either of the movable parts at the end of a person's arm, including the fingers
2. C （钟表等的）指针　 a pointer or needle on a clock, machine, or measuring instrument
3. C 人手，员工　 a worker
4. S 帮助，援助　 help
5. C 字迹，书法　 handwriting
6. C 有手艺〔技能〕的人　 sb with skill, knowledge, or experience of the stated kind
7. S 鼓掌，拍手　 encouragement given by clapping the hands; a burst of applause
8. C 掌握，控制　 control, power, or responsibility

　accept sb's ～　接受某人的求婚
　ask for a lady's ～　向某个女人求婚
　bear a ～ in　在…中出一把力
　bind ～ and foot　捆住手脚
　bite the ～ that feeds one　恩将仇报
　burn one's ～　烧伤手
　change ～s　易手
　check one's ～　拒绝做某事
　clap one's ～　拍手
　come to ～　到手，收到
　cup one's ～　拱着手掌
　cut one's ～　割破手
　decline sb's ～　拒绝某人的求婚
　deliver by ～　专人递送
　dig one's ～ into　把手伸入…
　fall into sb's ～s　落入某人之手
　force sb's ～　迫使某人，强迫某人
　gain a lady's ～　求得某女士同意结婚
　get a big ～　大受欢迎
　get one's ～　使自己熟悉技能
　get sth off one's ～s　摆脱某事物，卸掉对某事的责任
　have a ～　很会…
　have an open ～　慷慨大方，大手大脚
　have one's ～s free　没有事情可做，空着手
　have one's ～s full　手头工作很忙
　hold one's ～s　迟迟不下手，观望
　join ～s　手拉手
　kiss one's ～ to　向…飞吻
　lay one's ～s on　得到，抓到，对…动武
　lend a ～　帮助，帮忙
　lift a ～　动手，帮忙
　offer one's ～　伸出手
　oil sb's ～　贿赂某人
　put one's ～ to　承担…，着手做…
　raise one's ～ against sb　打某人，威胁某人
　reach one's ～ out for sth　伸手拿某物
　set one's ～ on　着手干…
　set one's ～ to　着手干…
　shake ～s with sb　同某人握手
　show one's ～　摊牌，表明自己的真正意图
　stay one's ～　住手，不做某事
　strengthen sb's ～s　使某人采取极有力的行动
　take a ～ in　参与
　throw in one's ～　放弃，退出（竞争）
　throw up one's ～s　绝望
　tie sb's ～s　使某人无能为力
　try one's ～ at sth　尝试一下，试试身手
　turn one's ～ to sth　承担某事，着手做某事
　wash one's ～　解手，洗手
　wash one's ～ of sth　洗手不干某事，不再做某事
　wave one's ～ at〔to〕 sb　向某人挥手示意
　win a lady's ～　求得某女士同意结婚
　write a good ～　写得一手好字
　employ ～s　雇工
　hire ～s　雇工
　give sb a ～　帮助某人
　brown ～s　晒黑的手
　gentle ～s　温柔的手
　large ～s　宽大的手
　strong ～s　粗大有力的手
　thin ～s　纤细的手
　weak ～s　软弱无力的手
　good ～　字写得好
　small ～　一般书写体
　first ～　第一手的，直接的
　second ～　第二手的，间接的，用过的，旧的
　good ～ at　善于…的人
　green ～　生手
　new ～　新手
　old ～　老手，技术熟练的人
　poor ～ at　不善…的人
　white ～s　不从事劳动的人
　hour ～　时针
　minute ～　分针
　second ～　秒针
　factory ～　工人
　farm ～　农工
　at the ～s of doctors　医生给予的
　by ～　手工
　hold sb by the ～　握住某人的手
　lead sb by the ～　拉着某人的手领路
　pull sb by the ～　拉着某人的手
　take sb by the ～　抓住某人的手
　from ～ to mouth　仅够糊口地
　～ in ～　手拉手，共同地
　in one's ～　在手里
　take the business in ～　承担这件事
　a pair of ～s　一双手
　off ～　立即，当下
　on ～　手头
　under sb's ～　由某人签署的，在某人保管之下
　with a heavy ～　粗手粗脚地，严厉地，高压地
　with clean ～　廉洁地
　strike sb with one's ～　用手打某人
　with one's own ～　由某人亲自

　My left hand brushed the wall and found the doorknob.　我的左手顺着墙摸过去就找到了门的把手。
　She put her hand on his shoulder and then drew it away.　她把手放在他肩上，然后又抽了回去。
　Her trembling hands betrayed her nervousness to him.　她颤抖的双手向他表明了她的紧张不安。
　They bound the boy's hands.　他们捆住了小孩的手。
　When the Madam was carried away with the music of the opera, a thief's hand was getting at her jewellery.　当这夫人正陶醉在歌剧中时，一只窃贼的手正伸向她的珠宝。
　When the pilot reached hospital, it was found that tissue had been burnt away from his face and hands.　当那个飞行员被送到医院时，人们发现他脸上和双手的组织都烧坏了。
　We elected the captain of our football team by a show of hands.　我们举手选举我们的足球队长。
　God has equipped man with two hands, which play an important role in his work.　上帝给人配备了在工作中发挥重要作用的两只手。
　His hot pancakes are delicious, you buy them straight from the kitchen to eat in your hands.　他卖的热煎饼味道真好，你直接从厨房里买来用手拿着吃。
　The dish was made of silver, beaten out by hand.　这盘子是银制的，是手工打造的。
　He balanced the two rocks in his hands.　他用手掂两块石头的分量。
　The robber bore down on the old woman with a knife in his hand.　强盗手持刀子向老妇人逼近。
　He is generally acknowledged to have the finest collection of Dutch paintings in private hands.　人们普遍认为他所珍藏的荷兰绘画作品是私人收藏家手中最为精美的。
　In his sleep he let the book fall out of his hand.　他睡着时书从手中掉了下来。
　The hour hand is smaller than the minute hand.　时针比分针短。
　The two hands on my watch are broken.　在我的手表上有两个指针断了。
　She was at his right hand.　她在他的右边。
　We are short of hands.　我们缺少人手。
　Our hands are on strike.　我们的工人都罢工了。
　Their factory has taken on 150 extra hands.　他们厂已经额外雇用了150名工人。
　You can hardly fancy what a capital hand she is at embroidery.　你简直不能想象她是一个多么出色的绣花能手。
　The artist's work showed a master's hand.　那位艺术家的作品显示了名家的高超技艺。
　I'm a bad hand at making cakes.　我做蛋糕不内行。
　He is a poor hand at figures.　他不善于计算。
　I'm not much of a hand at painting.　我不擅长绘画。
　He writes a good hand.　他写得一手好字。
　You had better practise your hand.　你最好练习书法。
　He glanced at the envelope and recognized Eade's hand.　他看了看信封，认出是伊德的笔迹。
　Does your hand slope forward or backward?　你写的字向前斜还是向后斜?
　Apply in your own hand.　请亲笔书写申请。
　Please excuse my bad hand.　对不起，我写得不好。
　He helps poor people with a free hand.　他慷慨地帮助穷人。
　Do you think you can do with a helping hand?　你认为你需要帮手吗?
　She did the work with a heavy hand.　她笨拙地从事着这项工作。
　The new leader carried out reforms with a bold hand.　新来的领导大胆地进行改革。
　He is a good hand with a gun.　他是个射击能手。
　The hand gradually faded.　掌声渐渐停息。
　The army went forth amid great cheering and hand.　军队在热烈的欢呼与掌声中行进。
　The comedian's joke elicited hand and laughter from the audience.　那位滑稽演员的笑话博得观众的掌声和笑声。
　It was given out that the strikers had decided to return to work, and place their dispute in the hands of their union.　据宣布：罢工者已决定复工，并决定将其争端交与他们的工会。
　You're allowed a small case as hand luggage.　你可以带一只小箱子作手提行李。

 ♣ a willing hand
　对工作不挑剔的人　a man who expresses satisfaction
　And the newcomers provide willing hand for jobs others may spun.　别人不愿干的工作，新来的人却都愿意干。
 ♣ an iron hand
　铁腕人物　a man who controls the country
　A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer.　被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。
 ♣ ask for a (lady's) hand
　向女人求婚　ask for sb as wife
　Somehow he could never summon up the courage to ask for her hand.　不知怎的，他总是鼓不起勇气向她求婚。
 ♣ at hand
　在手边，在附近，即将来临　near in time or place
　The examinations are at hand.　考试在即。
　Soon school will end and the summer vacation will be at hand.　学期快结束了，暑假即将到来。
　There's another mile to go, and we're still twenty minutes at hand.　还有一英里要走，而我们还有20分钟时间。
　When he gets a little drunk, he begins to pick a quarrel with whoever is at hand.　他喝得有几分醉意后就开始与身旁的人吵架。
 ♣ at first hand
　直接地，第一手地　by direct personal experience, or that another person
　I heard about it at first hand from my neighbour.　我是直接从我的邻居那里听来的。
　Education bears at first hand on life.　教育对生活有直接影响。
　We wished to obtain information at first hand.　我们要能得到第一手情报就好了。
 ♣ at second hand
　间接地　indirectly
　I heard it at second hand, when his father, who saw the fire, told my mother, who told me.　我是经过第二道手听来的，他父亲看到了这次失火，告诉了我母亲，我母亲又告诉了我。
 ♣ bind hand and foot
　捆住手脚，使受束缚　bind both the hands and feet of sb; make sb unable to do anything
　Such a slogan will bind us hand and foot.　这个口号会约束我们的手脚。
　If he signs that paper, he will be bound hand and foot.　如果他签署那份文件，他就会受到束缚。
 ♣ bring up by hand
　用奶瓶喂大　feed an animal that has no mother so that it can live and grow
　The lamb had to be brought up by hand.　这只小羊羔得靠人工喂养。
 ♣ by hand
　用手；亲自　using one's hand; in person
　The insecticide might harm the flowers. Let's pick off the insects by hand.　杀虫剂可能会伤害花朵。我们用手把虫捉下来吧。
　He brought up the child by hand.　那孩子是他亲手带大的。
　The note was delivered by hand.　这个通知是送来的。
 ♣ change hands
　转手　go from the possession of one person to that of another
　The house has changed hands.　这房子已经换了主人。
　The book changed hands many times.　这本书转手多次了。
 ♣ come to hand
　到手；收到　be received or obtained
　Father's letter was mailed from Florida last week and came to hand today.　父亲上周从佛罗里达寄的信今天才收到。
 ♣ deal with from a weak hand
　做得不得力　not do well on sth
　Although he apparently has Moscow's back, Kenya is dealing with it from a very weak hand.　尽管得到莫斯科支持这一点是清楚的，可是肯尼亚在对付这个问题时仍然很手软。
 ♣ dirty one's hands
　败坏自己的人格　lower or hurt one's character or good name
　The teacher warned the children not to dirty their hands by cheating in the examination.　老师警告孩子们考试不要作弊以免败坏自己的名誉。
 ♣ don't know what to do with one's hands
　手足无措　be seized with panic
　The play was terrible; half the actors didn't know what to do with their hands.　这个剧演得糟极了，一半演员连手都不知怎么放。
　When she saw her parents-in-law for the first time, she didn't know what to do with her hands.　她第一次见到公公婆婆时手足无措。
 ♣ eat out of one's hand
　〈非正〉服服帖帖；不给人惹麻烦 believe or obey sb without question; give sb no trouble
　At the end of a month club leader had the unruly youths eating out of his hand.　在月底，俱乐部领导人把几个难管的青年搞得服服帖帖。
　She is so pretty and popular that all the boys eat out of her hand.　她既漂亮又出名，使所有男孩都甘心听命于她。
 ♣ fight hand to hand
　短兵相接，打肉搏战　fight with enemies very near
　Our soldiers bravely fought hand to hand with the enemy.　我方战士英勇地同敌人展开肉搏战。
 ♣ fling up one's hands
1. 惊得手足无措；吓得魂不附体 express violent fear
　She entered the room, then flung up her hands at the sight of the terrible scene.　她走进房间，一看见那可怕的景象便吓得魂不附体。
2. 失去一切希望 lose all hopes
　His mother flung up her hands in despair when the boy failed yet another examination.　当孩子考试又不及格时，母亲感到毫无希望了。
 ♣ fold one's hands
　双臂在胸前合抱　bring one's arms together and cross them over one's chest
　He folded his hands.　他双臂交叉放在胸前。
　The child folded his hands around his mother's neck.　小孩抱住他妈妈的脖子。
　She sat erectly and folded her hands on her black skirt.　她端坐着，双手放在她的黑裙子上。
　The little child folded her hands in prayer.　小女孩双手合拢做祷告。
 ♣ force sb's hand
　迫使（某人）做不愿做的事　force sb to do what he dislikes to
　Ben didn't want to tell where he was going, but his friend forced his hand.　本不想说出自己要去哪儿，但他的一位朋友非让他说出不可。
　Mr. Smith planned to keep his land until prices went up, but he had so many doctor bills that it forced his hand.　史密斯先生本打算把土地留到涨价时出售，但他要付的医药费太多了，只好把土地卖掉。
 ♣ get the upper hand (of)
　压倒，制服　get control of power over sb/sth difficult
　Fighting went on for hours, but the authorities finally got the upper hand and put down the riot.　战斗进行了数小时，当局最后控制了局势，把暴动镇压了下去。
　After a fierce struggle, he got the upper hand of his opponent.　经过一场激烈的斗争，他制服了对手。
 ♣ give sb a free hand
　让某人放手干　allow sb to do things in his or her own way
　I have given him a free hand in the matter.　我让他在这件事情上放手干。
 ♣ give one's hand to
　与…结婚　marry
　Mary chose to give her hand to John.　玛丽决定和约翰结婚。
　My sister gave her hand to a good-looking young sailor.　我姐姐同意嫁给一位英俊、年轻的水手。
 ♣ grab sb's hand
　抓住某人的手　catch sb by the hand
　I grabbed Jim's hand but he shook me loose.　我抓住吉姆的手，但他挣脱了。
　The boy grabbed the teacher's hands to show his gratitude for his concern.　孩子拉住老师的手，对他的关怀表示感谢。
 ♣ grasp sb's hands
　握着某人的手　shake sb's hands
　Unable to find words to express themselves, they silently grasped our hands.　他们想不出话来表达自己的感情，就默默地握着我们的手。
 ♣ hand in glove
　亲密地　very close or friendly
　The Navy and the Coast Guard work hand in glove, especially in war time.　海军与海岸警卫队合作密切，尤其是在战时。
　He intended to work hand in glove with you.　他打算与你密切合作。
 ♣ hand in hand
　手拉手；密切合作　closely connected; accompanying each other
　They walked away hand in hand.　他们携手离去。
　Erected in the waist-high water, hand in hand and shoulder to shoulder, they formed a wall of men.　他们手拉手、肩并肩地挺立在齐腰深的水里，形成一道人墙。
　Theory should go hand in hand with practice.　理论应该与实践相结合。
　War and misery go hand in hand.　战争和苦难总伴随在一起。
 ♣ hand over fist
　大量而快速地　of making or losing money in great quantity and at great speed
　Business is so bad that the store on the corner is losing money hand over fist.　生意是如此的不景气，以至于拐角的那家商店大量赔钱。
 ♣ have a hand in
　参与，有关系　join in; have a relation with sth
　Do you think she has a hand in it?　你认为她跟那件事有关吗?
 ♣ have one's hands full
　非常忙　be fully occupied; be very busy
　With three small children to take care of, Mary's mother has her hands full.　玛丽的母亲要照顾三个孩子，忙得不可开交。
 ♣ have the game in one's hands
　有必胜的把握　be sure of success
　They have this basketball game in their hands.　他们对这场篮球赛有必胜的把握。
 ♣ hold one's hand
　不忍心　be not hardhearted
　I begged you to hold your hand.　我求你手下留情。
 ♣ hold sb's hand
1. 握住某人的手 shake hand with sb
　They silently hold my hand.　他们默默地握着我的手。
2. 帮助某人 help sb
　I don't need you to hold my hand.　我不需要你帮助。
 ♣ in hand
　在手中，有关系　having a connection
　She always had a great deal of work in hand, but no one ever heard her complain.　她手头总有许多工作要做，但从没有人听到她发过怨言。
　Your remarks do not bear on the matter in hand.　你的话和目前这件事没有关系。
 ♣ in one's own hands
　在某人自己手中　control sth oneself
　The workers have reasoned out that the real power is in their own hands.　工人们通过推理懂得真正的权力是在他们自己手中。
 ♣ join hands with
　与…携手合作；显示出与…的友谊　make a show of friendship with sb such as another nation
　The American soldiers joined hands with the British soldiers in the war against Germany.　美军与英军联合对德作战。
 ♣ lay one's hands on
1. 抓到，拿到，拥有 take; obtain; get possession of
　He kept his money stored away in a secret place, for fear his nephew should lay his hands on it.　他把钱藏在一个隐秘处，以防他侄儿拿到。
　I have the book somewhere, but I can't lay my hands on it just now.　我把书放在了什么地方，而现在却找不着了。
　He keeps everything he can lay his hands on.　凡是能到手的东西他是紧紧抓着不放的。
2. 找出 find; locate
　He keeps a file of letters on, he can lay his hands on one whenever he needs it.　他将信件编号存档，一旦需要即可找出。
3. 〈非正〉（为加以惩处、伤害）抓住，逮住 seize in order to punish or hurt
　If I ever lay my hands on that boy, he'll be punished.　如果我逮住那小子，那就对不起了。
4. 动手打人 hit sb by hand
　He never laid his hands on anyone.　他从不动手打人。
　If I lay my hands on him, he'll know it.　如果我动手打他，那就会够他受的。
 ♣ lend a hand
　〈口〉帮助，援助　 help; assist
　If we all lend a hand, it shouldn't take us long to get the job done.　如果我们都来帮忙，那么我们很快就能把工作做完。
　All the packing has to be done; perhaps you'll lend a hand? 　所有这些行李都要打包，也许你能帮一下忙吧?
　Lend a hand in carrying these chairs indoors, please.　请帮我把这些椅子拿到屋里去。
　They all lend a hand, and between them the thing is done.　他们每人都帮把手，事情就干完了。
　We mustn't stand idly by without lending a hand.　我们不能袖手旁观，一点忙都不帮。
　Lend me a hand to shift this piano, will you?　你能帮我搬一下这架钢琴吗?
　Could you lend me a hand with these parcels?　你能帮助我弄一下这些包裹吗?
　He lent me a hand with the heavy boxes.　他帮我抬这些重箱子。
　It will take me hours to check all these figures; I wish somebody would lend me a hand with them.　检查这些数字得花我几个小时；希望有人帮帮忙就好了。
　We got through the job sooner than we had expected, as we were lent a hand by a couple of boy scouts.　我们做完这项工作比我们料想的要快，因为两个童子军帮了忙。
 ♣ live from hand to mouth
　挣一点吃一点；仅够糊口　live without saving for the future; have just enough
　Mr. Johnson got very little pay, and the family lived from hand to mouth when he had no job.　约翰逊先生收入很少，因而当他失业时，一家人仅够糊口。
 ♣ many hands make light work
　人多好办事　many people do thing that everyone is light
　Come on boys, many hands make light work. If we work together, we can finish painting the barn.　过来吧，孩子们，人多好办事。如果我们一起干，就能漆完这个谷仓。
 ♣ on every hand
　从各个方面　on all hand
　Nature mocked her on every hand.　大自然从各个方面嘲弄她。
 ♣ on hand
　在手边，在附近；在场　near in time or place; at present
　Mr. Blake's secretary is always on hand when he appears in public.　布雷先生在公开场合露面时，他的秘书总在场。
 ♣ on the other hand
　另一方面　as one point in the argument
　On the other hand, many women choose to go out to work.　在另一方面，许多妇女又出去工作。
 ♣ out of hand
1. 无法控制 can't control
　The boy is getting out of hand.　这孩子变得越来越不听话了。
　We must deal with the situation before it gets out of hand.　我们应在局面变得无法控制前找到对策。
2. 立即 at once
　His application was rejected out of hand.　他的申请立即遭到拒绝。
　Aye, aye, sir, I'll do it out of hand.　是，长官，我马上去办。
　We must radio the message out of hand.　我们必须立刻用无线电发出这条消息。
3. 终于 in the end
　The business was finally out of hand.　这事终于了结了。
　They decided by drawing straws out of hand.　最后他们用抽签的方式决定了。
 ♣ out of sb's hand
　不再由某人负责掌握　sb doesn't charge again
　The decision was abruptly taken out of his hand.　这个决议突然不让他来负责了。
　The situation was out of my hand.　这个局面已非我所能掌握。
 ♣ play into sb's hands
　助人损己；给人可乘之机　do sth which gives one's opponents an advantage; be or do sth that another person can use against you; help an opponent against yourself
　In the basketball game, Jerry's foul played into the opponents's hands.　在这场篮球赛中，杰瑞的犯规给对方一个投篮的机会。
　By acting in that way you are merely playing into the hands of adversaries.　你这样做简直是给了对手可乘之机。
 ♣ play one's hand
　耍手腕　trick
　He's just playing his hand rather heavily.　他只不过做得过分一点。
 ♣ poke one's hand
　伸手　dig one's hand into
　Poke your hand through the fence and see if you can reach the piece of paper.　你把手从篱笆缝里伸过去，看看能不能够着那张纸。
 ♣ press sb's hand
　握手　shake hands with sb
　He pressed my hand warmly when we met.　我们见面时，他热情地紧握我的手。
 ♣ put one's hand to　
　着手做；开始做　start working at; try to do
　Once you have put your hand to an undertaking, you should persevere until you have finished it.　你一旦着手一项工作，就应当坚持不懈直至完成。
 ♣ raise a/one's hand to
　体罚，打人　be physically threaten
　Don't you dare raise a hand to my son!　你敢碰我儿子一根指头！
　Like all other children, my boys were naughty when they were young, but I never raised a hand to them.　和别的孩子们一样，我的孩子小时候也很顽皮、淘气，但我从不体罚他们。
　He was good-tempered and never raised his hand to his children.　他脾气很好，从不动手打小孩。
 ♣ raise one's hand
　举手　lift hand
　When he saw the principal, he raised his hand in salute.　他看到校长时举手敬礼。
 ♣ reach one's hand across
　把手伸过…　stretch out a hand across sth
　He reached his hand across the table to shake hands with Jacelin.　他隔着桌子把手伸过去和杰斯林握手。
 ♣ reach out a/one's hand
　伸出手　stretch forward a hand
　I reached out a hand and caught the ball.　我伸手接住了球。
　When I could find no way out, he reached out a helping hand.　正当我走投无路的时候，他向我伸出了援助的手。
　The child reached out a hand towards the plum.　孩子把手伸向梅子。
　He reached out his hand for the dictionary.　他伸出手去拿词典。
 ♣ remove one's hand from
　把手从…拿开　take hand away from sth
　He removed his hand from the man's collar.　他挪开抓住那人衣领的手。
 ♣ request sb's hand in marriage
　向某人求婚　ask for a lady's hand
　He requested her hand in marriage.　他向她求婚。
 ♣ rest on one of one's hands
　支撑在一只手上　lean on one of one's hands; be supported by one of one's hands
　Her head rested on one of her hands as she sat there waiting.　她一只手撑着头，坐在那儿等候。
 ♣ rub one's hands
　搓手　move one hand backwards and forwards on the other hand
　He was rubbing his hands all the time as if he was washing them, and smiling without stopping.　他一直在搓着手，好像是在洗手，并且不停地笑。
 ♣ rule with a firm hand
　用铁的手腕来统治或管理　govern sth such as a group in a very severe way
　He sent a special governor to Altorf, a man named Gressber, who would rule with a firm hand.　他往阿尔托夫城派了一个特别总督——一个名叫盖斯勒的人，这个人要用铁的手腕来统治。
 ♣ set one's own hand to
　亲手处理　do sth oneself
　I was up early and down late, set my own hand to everything, took dangers as they came, and for once in my life played the man.　我早起晚睡，亲手处理一切事情，承担一切风险，在我的一生中，这一次才不愧为堂堂男子汉。
 ♣ shake hands with
　和…握手　grasp sb's hands
　He warmly shook hands with those gathered around the rostrum.　他同聚集在主席台四周的人热情握手。
 ♣ sit on one's hands
　拒绝工作　refuse to work
　We asked him for help with our project, but he sat on his hands.　我们要求他在这个项目上提供帮助，但是他拒绝了。
 ♣ take in hand
　把…管起来　put sb/sth under control
　When the Export Department began to fail, Mr. Smith took it in hand and made a success of it.　当商品出口部不景气的时候，史密斯先生接管了，他取得了成功。
 ♣ try one's hand at
　试图去做　try to do sth
　Finally he tried his hand at novel writing, and he succeeded.　最后他试图写小说，果然成功了。
 ♣ turn one's hand to　
　着手做；开始做　start working at; try to do
　John does a good job at everything that he turns his hand to.　凡约翰着手去做的事，他都能做得很好。
　After John found farming unprofitable, he moved to town and turned his hand to carpentry.　约翰发现务农无利可图后，他就搬到城里开始做木匠。
 ♣ wait on sb's hand and foot
　伺候（某人）　serve sb
　Don't expect me to wait on your hand and foot, make your own breakfast.　不要样样都指望我伺候你，你的早饭你自己做。
 ♣ wash one's hands of
　退出，不过问　withdraw from or refuse to be responsible for
　If you won't listen to me, I'll wash my hands of you.　你不听我的话，我就不过问你的事了。
　We washed our hands of politics long ago.　很久以前，我们就不过问政治了。
　The school washed its hands of the students' behavior during spring recess.　春假期间学校对学生的行为不负任何责任。
 ♣ win hands down
　轻易地获得　win easily
　Joe ran for monitor and won hands down.　乔竞选班长并一举成功。
　Our team won the game hands down.　我们队轻取对方。

 ♣ at hand, by hand, in hand, on hand, to hand
　这组短语意思并不相同。其区别在于：
1. by hand表示“用手”“亲自”。例如：
　Are your socks knitted by hand or machine-made?　你的袜子是手工织的还是机器织的?
2. to hand为商业信札里的用语，表示“（信）已收到”。例如：
　Yours to hand.　来函收悉。
　Your letter is to hand.　来函收悉。
3. in hand多用于引申义，可表示“（局势）在控制中”“（工作）在进行中”，也可表示“（钱、物、时间）在手中”，即可供使用。例如：
　The situation is now in hand.　局势现在控制住了。
　The printers say that Tom's book is now in hand and will be ready by the beginning of next month.　印刷厂说，汤姆的书目前正在印刷，下月初可以印完。
4. at hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”，也可用于时间指“即将来临”，多与系动词be的一般时态连用。例如：
　I couldn't look up the spelling of the word, as I hadn't a dictionary at hand.　我没法查这个词的拼写，因为我手边没有词典。
　He lives close at hand.　他住在近处。
　The great day is at hand.　这个伟大的日子就要到来。
5. on hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”，也可用于时间指“即将来临”，须用于将来时， on hand可引申表示“出席”“在场”。例如：
　I always like to keep a certain amount of money on hand, in case of an emergency.　我总喜欢手边留一定量的钱，以备不时之需。
 ♣ at sb's hands, in sb's hands, on sb's hands
　这组短语含义并不相同。其区别在于：
1. at sb's hands表示“受折磨”。例如：
　The captive suffered much harsh treatment at his jailers hands.　那个犯人受到狱卒许多残酷的折磨。
　I did not expect such unkind treatment at your hands.　我没料到你会如此无情。
2. in sb's hands表示“在某人手中”“由某人处理”。例如：
　The documents are in my solicitor's hands.　文件由我的律师保管。
　The matter is in your hands.　这事要由你决定。
　As regards the next move, I am in your hands entirely.　关于下一步我完全听你的。
3. on sb's hands表示“由某人负责”。例如：
　I have an empty house on my hands.　有一所空房子要我照管。
　I don't know how Mrs. Jones manages with three growing children and an invalid husband on her hands.　琼斯夫人有三个未成年的孩子和一个残废的丈夫要照看，我不知道她怎么应付得了。
 ♣ with a heavy hand, with a high hand, with a strong hand
　这组短语的意思并不相同。其区别在于：with a high hand的意思是“专横的”; with a strong hand的意思是“用高压手段”; with a heavy hand的意思是“滥用一气”。例如：
　Well, I don't like him; he deals with everything with a high hand.　是嘛，我不喜欢他，他做起事来总是专横。
　These bosses used to put the strike down with a strong hand.　这些老板以往总是用高压手段来压制罢工。
　We are very short of water, so don't use it with a heavy hand as you usually do.　我们用水短缺，因此不能像平时那样滥用一气。
 ♣ with open hands, with open arms
　参见open条。
 ♣ lift a hand, lift one's hand
　这两个短语的意思并不相同。其区别在于：lift a hand意思是“举手之劳”；而lift one's hand意思是“举手”。例如：
　Please lift a hand to turn it over.　请费心把它翻一下。
　The prisoner lifted his hand and pleaded not guilty.　这个犯人举手来诉说自己无罪。
 ♣ hand on, on hand
　这两个短语结构相同，词序不同，含义用法也不同。前者意为“传递”，是"v.+adv."型短语动词，其后接传递的东西作宾语，再加to引出传给的对象。后者是"prep.+n."型短语，作“在手头”解时在句中常用作状语，而作“在场”解时常用作表语。例如：
　Please hand on the magazine to Sybil.　请把这杂志传给西比尔。
　I have a great deal of important work on hand.　我手头有许多重要的工作要做。
　Please be on hand at 11 sharp.　请在11点整到这里来。
 ♣ hand in, in hand
　这两个短语结构相同，词序不同，含义用法也不同，前者意为“上交”，是"v.+adv."型短语动词，其后接上交的东西作宾语。后者是"prep.+n."型短语，作“在手头”解时在句中常用作状语。例如：
　Each student has to hand in a composition.　每个学生都要交一篇作文。
　I still have some money in hand.　我手头还有些钱。
 ♣ lay a hand on, lay hands on
　这两个短语的共同意思是“打人”，都是口头用语，常用于否定句和疑问句中，其区别在于：
1. lay a hand on指“打一下”，而lay hands on则起码“打两下或两下以上”。试比较：

2. lay hands on还可表示“找到”“弄到”，而lay a hand on无此义。
 ♣ 下面句子中短语的意思相同：

 ♣ 下面句子中短语的意思不同。试比较：

 ♣ 下面句子中短语的意思相反。试比较：

1. 我的每只手都可以举起这块石头。
　［误］ My every hand can lift the stone.
　［正］ Each of my hands can lift the stone.
　［析］ hand作名词指一个人的手时，不可用every, none, any, all作限定词。
2. 庆祝的日子临近了。
　［误］ The day of celebration is in hand.
　［正］ The day of celebration is at hand.
　［析］ 短语at hand意思是“在手边，在眼前”; in hand意为“在手里”。
3. 我抓住他的手。
　［误］ I grabbed him by hand.
　［正］ I grabbed him by the hand.
　［析］ 在表示“抓住某人的手”时， hand前要用定冠词the.
4. 他很聪明，但在另一方面，他又犯了许多错误。
　［误］ He is clever, but in the other hand, he makes many mistakes.
　［正］ He is clever, but on the other hand, he makes many mistakes.
　［析］ on the other hand是固定短语，表示“另一方面”，其中介词on不可换为in.
5. 昨天谈到的每件事都跟我们决定要做的事情有直接关系。
　［误］ Everything that was said yesterday bears in first hand on what we decide to do.
　［正］ Everything that was said yesterday bears at first hand on what we decide to do.
　［析］ at first hand为固定短语，意思是“直接地”，其中介词at不可换为in.
6. 他把手伸到衣兜里摸，试图找到那把钥匙。
　［误］ He dived the hand into his pocket in an attempt to find the key.
　［正］ He dived his hand into his pocket in an attempt to find the key.
　［析］ hand用作动词的宾语时，其前须用物主代词而不用定冠词。
7. 在我们厂里伍德先生是个新手。
　［误］ Mr. Wood is a young hand in our factory.
　［正］ Mr. Wood is a green hand in our factory.
　［析］ a green hand为固定短语，意思是“生手”“新手”。
8. 那男孩双手抱着孩子。
　［误］ The boy carried a baby in his hands.
　［正］ The boy carried a baby in his arms.
　［正］ The boy held a baby in his arms.
　［析］ 在表示“双手抱着孩子”时，不能用hand，而应用arm，因为arm一词指“肩膀至手掌部位”。

1. vt.递，交付　 give or transfer sth with one's hand or hands
2. vt.传给　 give or leave to people who are younger or live after

　～ a good line　所有功课都考得好
　～ sb a blow　给某人一击
　～ the old granny　扶那位老太太
　～ bewilderingly　使人迷惑地传递
　～ cautiously　小心地交出
　～ confidentially　秘密地传递
　～ conscientiously　诚心诚意地给
　～ constantly　连续地传递
　～ cordially　真心诚意地交出
　～ delicately　灵敏地传递
　～ dexterously　熟练地传递
　～ discreetly　谨慎地给
　～ earnestly　诚挚地交出
　～ erroneously　错误地传递
　～ felicitously　恰当地传递
　～ generously　大度地交出
　～ methodically　有条理地传递
　～ immediately　立刻交出
　～ impressively　令人难忘地传递
　～ incompetently　不适当地交出
　～ intelligently　明智地交出
　～ intentionally　故意地给
　～ passively　被动地交出
　～ selectively　有选择地传递
　～ systematically　有条理地传递
　～ unanimously　一致交出
　～ unhesitatingly　毫不犹豫地交出
　～ back　把（某物）交还给某人，使某人重新获得
　～ back the government to the people　把政权还给人民
　～ down　把（某物）传递给下面的人，提出或公开声明
　～ down a decision　公布一项决定
　～ in　把（某人）扶上车，把（某物）递交给负责人，提交
　～ off　用手推开对手
　～ on　把（某物）传递给某人，给他人传递（消息），把…移交他人
　～ out　分发，散发，免费提供
　～ out copies　分发文本
　～ over　把…移交他人
　～ round　把…递给，分发给众人
　～ round the letter　把那封信给大家传阅
　～ up　把…递上去，把…提交给上司
　～ sb across the street　扶某人过街
　～ sb from the car　把某人扶下汽车
　～ sb into the car　把某人扶上汽车
　～ to　把（某物）交给或递给（某人）
　～ the salt to sb　把盐递给…

　A doctor and a nurse are handing my father from the ambulance.　一个医生和护士把我父亲从救护车上扶下来。
　She handed me the timetable.　她把时刻表递给了我。
　Hand me that book, please.　请把那本书递给我。
　She handed him the list of names.　她把那张名单交给他。
　Hand me the tools, please.　请把工具递给我。
　With the words he handed Professor Wang a tube.　说着他交给王教授一个试管。
　As soon as I came out he handed me a bottle of salted water.　我一出来，他就拿给我一瓶盐水。
　Hand me two eggs.　给我拿两个鸡蛋。
　He handed each of them a shilling.　他给了每人一个先令。
　It handed them a laugh.　这弄得他们大笑。
　We were handed tickets at the entrance.　在入口处有人把票给了我们。
　Please hand my book to me.　请把我的书递给我。
　He handed the papers to the headmaster.　他把文件交给校长了。
　He handed a letter to me when I went into the room.　我进屋时他递给我一封信。
　He penciled the number on a card and handed it to me.　他用铅笔把号码写在一张卡片上交给了我。
　It was handed to me yesterday.　这东西是昨天交给我的。
　He hands the old granny upstairs and downstairs every day.　他每天扶那位老大娘上下楼。
　He handed the business over to me.　他把业务（的处理权）转交给我。

 ♣ hand back　(v.+adv.)
　交还　return; give back
　Hand it back when through.　用完就还。
　Please remember to hand back your room key before leaving the hotel.　请记住在离开旅馆之前交还你的房间钥匙。
　The ticket was handed back to the passenger.　票还给旅客了。
　Examination papers will be handed back after the marks have been officially recorded.　成绩正式登记在册之后将把考卷发还。
 ♣ hand down　(v.+adv.)
1. 把…传递下来 pass down by hand
　Please hand down the large dish from the top shelf.　请把那只大盘子从架子顶层递下来。
2. 遗留，流传，传下 give or leave after death; leave as an inheritance; give or leave to people who are younger or come later; give or leave to the younger generation
　That folk song has been handed down through generations.　那首民谣已传了几代了。
　These customs have been handed down through the ages.　这些风俗是世世代代传下来的。
　It has been handed down by generations of peasants.　它是农民世世代代传下来的。
　This necklace has been handed down in my family.　这串项链是我家祖上传下来的。
　He passed on to us all the skill that had been handed down in his family.　他把他家传的技术全部教给了我们。
　Our fathers handed down these customs to us.　我们的父辈把这些习俗传给了我们。
　Our ancestors have handed a rich national culture down to us.　我们的祖先给我们留下了丰富多彩的民族文化。
3. 搀扶…下去 assist to get down with the hand
　They handed Grandma Li down to the ground floor.　他们搀扶李奶奶下楼到底层去。
4. 正式宣布，正式宣判 deliver; pronounce formally
　The judge handed his decision down at noon.　法官中午下了判决。
 ♣ hand in　(v.+adv.)
1. 交上，递交，呈送 give in by hand; send in; submit
　The teacher asks every student to hand in his homework in time.　老师要求全体学生按时交作业。
　You have to hand in your exercise books before Monday.　你们必须在星期一以前交练习本。
　I've handed in my paper, the questions are not very difficult.　我已交卷了，题目不太难。
　Please hand this letter in at the office as you go past.　请你走过办事处时把这封信交进去。
　He handed in his resignation right after the cabinet meeting.　内阁会议一开完，他就提出了辞呈。
　Amy promised to hand in the money early next morning.　艾米答应第二天一早就把钱交上去。
　All the exercise books must be handed in before you leave school.　放学前所有练习本务必交上来。
　These letters were duly handed in, and copies were given to the press representatives.　这几封信及时交了上去，副本则分发给了新闻界代表。
2. 把…扶上车 assist to get up with the hand aboard a car
　Part of the gentleman's duty in former times was to hand a lady in when she entered her carriage in Great Britain.　过去的英国，绅士有义务在一位女士上车时扶她一下。
 ♣ hand it to　(v.+pron.+prep.)
1. 认输，甘拜下风 admit defeat
　All right, you've got me beaten there. I hand it to you.　好呀，这回你赢了，我甘拜下风。
2. 敬佩 respect sb
　He's done well!You've got to hand it to him.　他做得好！你必须佩服他。
　You have to hand it to him, he is a good talker.　你们不得不佩服他，他是一个优秀的演说家。
 ♣ hand off　(v.+adv.)
　用手推开某人　push sb away with the hand
　The player caught the ball and ran down the field, handing off any player from the other team who tried to stop him.　那个运动员得球后向对方场地跑去，用手推开试图阻挡他的对方队员。
 ♣ hand on　(v.+adv.)
1. 转交，转送，传递 send from one person to another; give from one person to another, especially sth which can be used by many people one after another
　Hand it on to others after you have read it.　你看过后把它传给其他人。
　Hand it on to each of your classmates when through.　看完后在班上传阅。
　In the early days, news was handed on from one person to another.　很早的时候，消息是靠逐人传递的。
2. 传下来，传给下一代 hand down; pass down
　〔说明〕 hand on作此解时通常用于被动结构。
　The estate is handed on from generation to generation.　不动产一代代地传下去。
　This ring was handed on from my great-grandmother.　这枚戒指是我的曾祖母传下来的。
 ♣ hand out　(v.+adv.)
1. 搀扶…出来 assist to get out with the hand
　As the lady stepped down from the carriage, the gentleman politely handed her out of the car.　当这位女士下车时，那男士有礼貌地把她扶下车。
2. 〈非正〉分发，发给，散发 give things of the same kind to several people; distribute sth, especially printed sheets of paper
　The teacher is handing out the first paper—Chemistry.　教员正在发第一份考卷——化学。
　The teacher was handing the examination-papers out when a telephone call was for her.　老师正发试卷时，打来了一个电话找她。
　She helps hand out the pamphlets in the street.　她帮着在街上散发小册子。
　They handed out leaflets in the streets.　他们在街上散发了传单。
　Text and worksheets are handed out, and students are asked to read the questions given before reading the article.　读文章以前把课文和作业纸发给了学生，并要求他们读所给的问题。
　The teacher handed the new books out to his students.　老师把新书发给他的学生。
　We shall hand out these written statements to the reporters.　我们将把这些书面声明发给记者。
3. 提出 offer, give or allocate criticism, work, punishment, etc.
　Mrs. White likes to hand out advice to the young people, whether they want it or not.　怀特女士喜欢给年轻人提出劝告，不管人家爱不爱听。
　The police handed out punishment to those who stole bicycles.　对于偷窃自行车的人，警方给予惩罚。
4. 拿出，取出 bring out from some place
　He handed out the goods and his children took them away.　他取出货物，他的孩子们把这些货物拿走。
　I'll stay by the car and hand the boxes out to you, so that you can carry them into the house.　我将站在车边把箱子卸下来交给你，以便你把它们搬进屋里。
5. 维持，忍受 last; endure; not give in
　The besieged garrison managed to hand out for ten days, after which their supplies became exhausted.　被围困的驻军设法坚持了十天，后来他们的给养完全耗尽了。
6. 居住 live
　This is your friend John, is it?And where does he hand out?　这是你的朋友约翰，是吧?他住在哪里?
 ♣ hand over　(v.+adv.)
1. 交出；交付；交给 yield control of
　She refused to hand over the car key until he promised to wear his safety belt.　她拒绝把车钥匙交给他，直到他答应系上安全带。
　We will hand over the documents after we receive the payments.　收到应付款项之后，我们将交付文件。
　When the teacher saw Tom reading a picture book in class, she made him hand over the book.　老师发现汤姆在课堂上看小人书，就让他把书交出来。
　I shall be glad to hand the job over.　我很乐意把这项工作交出去。
　The arms of the people, every gun and every bullet, must be kept, must not be handed over.　人民的武装，一支枪、一粒子弹，都要保存，不能交出去。
2. 让予，移交 give control or possession of; give sth to another person; transfer power, control, responsibility. etc.
　I'm handing over the post immediately.　我将立即办理移交。
　The time had now come for handing over power.　移交权力的时间到了。
　He wants to hand over his business to his daughter when he gets old.　他想老了以后把生意交给女儿。
　That thief was handed over to the police.　那个小偷已送交派出所了。
　The command of the ship was handed over to her new captain at a small ceremony this morning.　在今天上午举行的小型仪式上，该舰的指挥权移交给了新舰长。
　The ship was formally handed over to the Algerian Government.　这艘轮船正式移交给了阿尔及利亚政府。
　The motion was handed over to a committee.　这项动议被转给了一个委员会。
 ♣ hand round〔around〕　(v.+adv.)
1. 传递 pass to all the people in a group
　They handed the flower round in quick order.　他们围着一圈快速传花。
　The monkey handed a hat round to collect money.　猴子拿着一顶帽子绕圈收钱。
　A rumor was soon handed round that he had been thrown into prison.　说他被监禁的谣言不久就传开了。
2. 把…递给；分发给众人 distribute among a gathering
　She helped to hand round the dishes.　她帮忙端菜。
　She handed round bananas and sugar and invited us to eat.　她端出香蕉和糖果请我们吃。
　It was such a wealthy party that special servants were employed to hand the drinks around.　这个宴会很奢华，竟至雇用专职招待员向客人敬酒。
 ♣ hand up　(v.+adv.)
1. 向上传递，递上去 pass by hand from a lower to a higher position
　Hand the paintbrush up to Father on the ladder.　父亲在梯子上，把油漆刷子递给他。
2. 把…扶上去 assist to get up with the hand
　I shall need you to hand me up on this difficult slope.　我需你扶我上这个陡坡。
3. 上交，呈交 deliver up
　He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.　他把起诉书送交最高法院。
　Your request will be handed up to the board of directors.　你的要求将被提交给董事会。

　在车站入口处，他把票递给了检票员。
　［误］ He handed the ticket-collector for his ticket at the entrance of the station.
　［正］ He handed the ticket-collector his ticket at the entrance of the station.
　［正］ He handed his ticket to the ticket-collector at the entrance of the station.
　［析］ hand接双宾语，其间接宾语可以转化为介词to而不是for的宾语。

　［同义词］ n. ability, aid, skill, support, worker v. aid, assist, deliver, give, guide, help, lead, pass
　［词源］　古英语hand（抓住）