代替；顶替　in place of that

　go ～　代某人去
　drink beer ～　改喝啤酒
　laugh ～　反倒笑了
　take one's class ～　代某人的课

　Instead, he did experiments to test and prove an idea before he was ready to accept it.　相反，他在准备接受一种观念之前，总是进行试验，进行验证。
　Mike doesn't study at all. Instead, he sits idle all day.　迈克根本不肯读书，相反地，他终日游手好闲。
　She stayed home, and her sister went riding instead.　她留在家里，而她的妹妹骑车去了。
　I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale instead.　我放弃了写叙事诗，而写了这个小故事。
　If you can't go, I will go instead.　如果你不能去，我替你去。
　If Henry is not well enough to go with you, take me instead.　如果哈利不舒服不能跟你去，那就带我去吧。
　Mr. Black was ill, so she was taking his class instead.　布莱克先生生病了，因此她在代他的课。
　The water here is not good, so I'm drinking beer instead.　此地的水不好，所以我改喝啤酒。

 ♣ instead of
　（用…)代替…，（是…)而不是…，（用…)而不用…　in place of
　They use cotton instead of silk.　他们用棉花代替丝绸。
　Give me this instead of that.　给我这个，不要那个。
　Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead of older.　每天锻炼身体使他看起来更年轻，而不是更衰老。
　I went to borrow this book instead of to buy it.　我去借这本书，而不是去买它。
　We went to the Biology class instead of to attend the English lesson.　我们去上生物课，而不去上英语课。
　When one has something to say, it's best to come to the point directly instead of talking in a round-about way.　一个人有话要说的时候，最好是直截了当地说出来，而不要转弯抹角。
　The herdsmen are living a settled life instead of roaming from place to place in search of water and grass.　牧民们过着定居的生活，不再为了找水草而到处游牧。
　The wheels turned quickly, but instead of going forward the bus slid into a drift four feet high.　车轮转得很快，但是车子不是向前走，而是滑进了一个四英尺高的雪堆。
　We shall have tea in the garden instead of in the house.　我们将在花园里用茶，而不在室内用。
　They went there by bike instead of by bus.　他们没乘汽车而是骑自行车去的。
　Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of to lack of ability.　有些人把自己所有的麻烦都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。

 ♣ instead of, in place of
　这两个短语都有“代替”的意思。其区别在于：in place of表示某一人或事物代替另一人或事物，其后接被代替的对象，一般是名词或名词的同等成分；instead of的含义是“某一人或事物，而不是另一人或事物”，所以常有否定后面成分的意思。例如：
　The Chinese use chopsticks in place of forks and knives.　中国人吃饭用筷子，而不用刀叉。
　That increased instead of decreased our courage.　那不但没有减弱我们的勇气，反而增强了我们的勇气。
 ♣ instead, instead of
　两者的共同意思是“代替”，含有“用前者而不用后者”的意味。仅在于instead是副词， instead of是复合介词。

1. 我们可以用这个代替肥皂。
　［误］ We may use this instead soap.
　［正］ We may use this instead of soap.
　我要这本书而不要那本。
　［误］ I will take this book instead that one.
　［正］ I will take this book instead of that one.
　［正］ I will not take that book. Instead I'll take this one.
　［析］ instead是副词，后面不能直接跟宾语， instead of是复合介词，后面可跟名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，表示“代替…”。
2. 我们将乘车，而不是骑车去市里。
　［误］ We shall go downtown by bus instead by bicycle.
　［正］ We shall go downtown by bus instead of by bicycle.
　［析］ 连接两项不同的选择时，应该说...instead of...（不是…而是…)。

　一般认为动词不定式和形容词不能作介词宾语，所以可以把"instead of+adj./to-v”看作是of之后省略了being或其他v-ing形式的动词。例如：
　He walks slowly instead of (walking) quickly.　他走路缓慢，而不快速。
　Why don't we stay home and watch television instead of (being) to go to the cinema?　我们为什么不呆在家里看电视而去看电影呢?

　［同义词］ preferably, rather