1. vt. & vi.玩，玩耍　 amuse oneself with a game, using toys, running and jumping, etc.; hit and send a ball
2. vt. & vi.参加比赛　 take part in a game; compete against sb in a game
3. vt. & vi.演奏　 perform on (a musical instrument); perform playing

　～ basketball　打篮球
　～ cards　打牌
　～ chess　下棋
　～ football　踢足球
　～ hockey　打曲棍球
　～ tag　捉迷藏
　～ song　演奏一首歌
　～ the guitar　弹吉他
　～ the piano　弹钢琴
　～ joke　开玩笑
　～ a part　起作用
　～ a person false　出卖某人
　～ a role　起作用
　～ game　遵照规则
　～ safety　求稳
　～ fair　比赛公平，按规则比赛
　～ fast and loose with sb　玩弄某人
　～ rough　粗野地比赛
　～ safe　为稳妥起见
　～ badly　不善于利用机会
　～ beautifully　弹得很美
　～ carefully　认真地玩
　～ cleverly　玩得巧妙
　～ delicately　柔和而细腻地演奏
　～ exquisitely　精妙入微地演奏
　～ vigorously　玩得很起劲
　～ about　玩耍
　～ along　合作
　～ around　玩弄
　～ away time　虚度光阴
　～ away youth　虚度青春
　～ back　（录音机）倒回重放
　～ down　缩小…的重要性
　～ in　以音乐迎接，使自己进入状态
　～ off　表演，假装
　～ on　继续
　～ over　重新演奏
　～ out　用完，做完，进行到底
　～ through　进行到底
　～ up　大肆宣传，强调
　～ against opponent　与对手竞争
　～ at baseball　玩棒球
　～ at hide-and-seek　玩捉迷藏
　～ by ear　不看乐谱演奏
　～ by turns　轮流玩
　～ for money　赌钱
　～ for one's team　为…队效力
　～ for time　赢得时间
　～ into each other's hands　互相勾结
　～ into hands of sb　中了某人的计
　～ of one against other (another)　使双方互斗以坐收渔利
　～ to opponent's forehand　打对方的正手
　～ with child　和小孩一起玩
　～ with fate　摆布命运
　～ with fire　玩火，做危险之事
　～ with matches　玩火柴
　～ with water　玩水

　Let's go out and play.　我们出去玩吧。
　Can Bob come out to play?　鲍勃能出来玩吗?
　Children like to play.　孩子们喜欢玩。
　Work while you work, play while you play.　工作的时候就工作，玩的时候就玩。
　Don't play all day long, boy.　孩子，别一天到晚玩。
　The children play indoors when it rains.　下雨时，孩子们在室内玩耍。
　Our best defender is injured and won't be able to play today.　我们最佳的防守员受伤了，今天不能参加比赛。
　The band is playing.　乐队正在演奏。
　The old piano won't play.　这架旧钢琴不能再弹了。
　He went to playing until he had lost everything.　他继续赌博，直到输得精光。
　I am going to the National Theatre, where Hamlet is now playing this evening.　今晚，我将去正在上演《哈姆雷特》的国家剧院。
　Is the phonograph playing?　留声机正开着吗?
　I could hear music playing on the radio.　我听见收音机里演奏着音乐。
　The radio is playing too loudly.　收音机开得太响了。
　The second actor plays well.　第二个演员演得好。
　There was a pond in the garden in which a fountain played.　花园里有一个池塘，里面一个喷泉喷着水花。
　He played the truant.　他逃学。
　I was up early and down late, set my own hand to everything, took dangers as they came, and for once in my life played the man.　我早起晚睡，亲自处理一切事情，承担一切风险，在我的一生中，这一次才不愧为堂堂男子汉。
　He's a hard opponent to beat down, but at least he plays fair.　他是个很难击败的对手，不过在比赛中他起码是很守规矩的。
　The dog played dead.　这狗装死。
　The boys like the principal because he always plays fair.　这些男孩都喜欢这位校长，因为他一向办事公正。
　They did not play fair in the matter.　在这件事情上，他们是不公正的。
　I thought I should play safe by keeping the old machine until the new one actually arrived, in case there was any delay.　我当时想，为稳妥起见，我应在新机器确实抵达之前保留这台旧机器，以防货物延期到达。
　The children don't know how to play the game.　孩子们不会玩这个游戏。
　They are playing football.　他们在踢足球。
　Do you like to play volleyball? 　你喜欢打排球吗?
　Many boys are fond of playing basketball.　很多男孩子喜欢打篮球。
　We usually play badminton in the evening.　我们一般在傍晚打羽毛球。
　I like to play golf, but I'm not a very good player.　我喜欢打高尔夫球，但打得不好。
　Can you play chess?　你会下象棋吗?
　They had decided not to play their best player because she had a bad cold.　他们已决定不派他们最优秀的队员上场，因为她患了重感冒。
　We are playing Shanghai team next Sunday.　下星期日我们将同上海队比赛。
　Can you play the horn?　你能吹号吗?
　He plays the piano surprisingly well.　他钢琴弹得好极了。
　Jane is too nervous to play the piano in public.　简太紧张了，不能当着观众弹奏钢琴。
　He played a Beethoven sonata yesterday.　他昨天演奏了贝多芬的奏鸣曲。
　A piano was playing There is a Small Hotel.　钢琴正在演奏《有一个小旅馆》的曲子。
　The radio played dirges all day long.　广播电台整天都在播放哀乐。
　I'll play a tape first. Please listen carefully.　我先放录音，请仔细听。
　They are playing doctors and nurses.　他们假装医生和护士在玩。
　Let's play pirates.　我们来扮演海盗吧。
　She likes to play the great lady.　她喜欢扮演那个伟大的女人。
　She played Queen Victoria like old Queen herself.　她把维多利亚女王演得惟妙惟肖。
　Shall I play my Jack or my Queen?　我出杰克还是王后?
　I don't know how you want to play this meeting.　我不知道你想怎样应付这个会议。
　Let's play that I'm the teacher and you're the pupil.　咱们来扮演学生和老师，我扮老师，你扮学生。
　He played that he was a bridegroom.　他把自己装扮成新郎。
　I'll play you a game of cards.　我和你打一圈儿牌。
　Yesterday he played them a marching song.　他昨天给他们演奏了一首进行曲。
　Play us something happy.　为我们演奏一些快乐的乐曲。
　Will you play us a waltz, please.　请给我们弹一首华尔兹舞曲。
　He played me a trick.　他跟我恶作剧。
　He played her a nasty trick by taking all the money.　他对她耍了卑劣的花招，把所有的钱都拿走了。
　Mary was played a nasty trick by a villain.　玛丽受到一个坏蛋粗暴的戏弄。
　He'd written a tune, and played it to us on the piano.　他写了一段曲子，并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
　Emma will only play her piano pieces to a small group of friends.　艾玛只愿为她的几个朋友演奏她的钢琴曲。
　Please play some more Mozart for us.　请多为我们演奏一些莫扎特的作品。
　He played his favourite record for me.　他为我放他最喜爱的唱片。
　I trusted my friend with my money, but he played me false and disappeared with it.　我信任我的朋友，把钱交给了他，可他却骗了我携款逃跑了。
　It may not rain, but you'd better play it safe and take a raincoat.　也许不会下雨，但是你还是谨慎点带上雨衣为好。
　There was a record playing in the next room.　隔壁房间里正在放唱片。

 ♣ play about〔around〕¹　(v.+adv.)
　玩耍　spend time having fun
　The children are playing about.　孩子们在玩着。
　He plays around all the day.　他整天玩。
　You're old enough now to stop playing around and start earning a living.　你已经不小了，别再贪玩了，该开始谋生了。
 ♣ play about〔around〕²　(v.+prep.)
　在…附近玩耍　have fun or spend time near (sth)
　Why do you always play about the river?　你为什么总是在河边玩呢?
　Tell the children not to play around the power station.　告诉这些孩子别在电站附近玩耍。
 ♣ play about〔around〕 with　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 随意摆弄 examine the possibilities of (sth) in an unorganized manner
　It is dangerous for children to play about with knife.　小孩子摆弄刀是很危险的。
　Stop playing around with that gun.　别摆弄那支枪。
2. 翻乱… cause disorder to (sth)
　Who's been playing about with my papers?　是谁翻乱了我的文件?
　He played around with the clothes again.　他又把衣服翻乱了。
3. 与…发生不正当关系 have an improper relationship with (sb, usually of the opposite sex)
　You shouldn't play about with another woman's husband.　你不应该和人家的丈夫混在一起。
　I warned you not to play around with married women; it always leads to trouble.　我警告过你不要和已婚的女人胡搞，这总会引起麻烦的。
 ♣ play against　(v.+prep.)
　与…进行比赛　oppose (sb or a team) in sport
　May I play against you?　我可以和你进行比赛吗?
　I see we're playing against my old school next month!　我知道我们下个月要与我原来的学校比赛。
 ♣ play along¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 等待回音或决定 keep (sb) waiting for an answer or decision
　They have played me along for some time, without telling me what they really want.　他们没有告诉我真正想要做什么，使我焦急地等了一段时间。
2. 合作 cooperate
　Since I have no choice, I'd better play along.　既然没有选择的余地，我最好还是合作。
　I will play along if you have made all arrangements.　如果你已经全都安排好了，我会合作的。
　She was in charge, so I had to play along with her odd ideas.　她是负责人，对她的怪念头我只好假意服从。
 ♣ play along²　(v.+prep.)
　（使）沿…闪动，荡漾　(cause to) be directed along (sth)
　The sunlight played along the water ahead of us, making it difficult to see where the boat was going.　阳光在我们眼前的水面上荡漾，晃得我们都看不清小船向哪里驶去了。
　They played the water along the whole side of the burning building.　他们向燃烧着的楼房的整面墙上喷射水柱。
 ♣ play as　(v.+prep.)
1. 在比赛中担任… take (a certain position in a team game)
　He has once played as defence before.　他以前打过后卫。
　The captain wants to play Mills as defence in our next game.　队长想让密尔斯在下次比赛中打后卫。
2. 把…演成… perform a part so as to seem a certain kind of person
　The director would like you to play the sister as a sympathetic character.　导演要你把姐姐演成一个富于同情心的人物。
　Hamlet is usually played as a sorrowful person who cannot make decisions or take action.　哈姆雷特常被演成一个优柔寡断的伤感型人物。
3. 把…演奏成… play music so as to seem sth
　Play the piece as music and not as a struggle between yourself and your instrument.　要把这支乐曲演奏成音乐，不要听起来像你和乐器间的搏斗。
 ♣ play at　(v.+prep.)
1. 玩…；参加… take part in (a game)(against sb)
　The children often play at hide-and-seek here.　孩子们常常在这里捉迷藏。
　We watched the kindergartners playing at camping out this afternoon.　今天下午我们看了幼儿园的孩子做野营游戏。
　Don't play Father at cards; he always wins.　别和父亲打牌，他总是赢。
2. 在…演奏；扮演… perform (music, a character, etc.) at (a place)
　A world-famous violinist is playing at tonight's concert.　一位世界著名的小提琴家将在今晚的音乐会上演奏。
　They're playing Carment at the Coliseum.　他们在伦敦的大剧场上演《卡门》。
　Who is playing Hamlet at Stratford this year?　今年谁在斯特拉福演哈姆雷特?
3. 在体育比赛中担任… take a certain position in a team game
　He is always playing at centre.　他一直踢中锋。
　The captain wants to play Brown at left half in the next game.　队长打算在下次比赛中让布朗踢左前卫.
4. 做假装…的游戏 pretend, for fun, to be sth or do sth
　Let's play at pirates.　咱们来玩扮演海盗的游戏。
　A party of children played at soldiers, at catching a spy, and at keeping house.　一群孩子们玩打仗、抓特务、过家家等游戏。
5. 漫不经心地做… do sth without seriousness
　You cannot learn anything if you just play at it.　如果你不认真学，你什么也学不会。
　His parents are so rich that he can just play at business.　他的父母有的是钱，以致他可以敷衍了事地做个商人。
　He's only playing at his job in the city; he's much more interested in being a racing driver.　他对城里的工作只是敷衍一下而已，他一心想的是当赛车手。
　I don't think he's really learning carpentry; he's only playing at it.　我看他并不真正在学木工，他只是在玩玩罢了。
　You're only playing at boxing.　你只是在随随便便打拳击。
 ♣ play back　(v.+adv.)
1. 把…打回给对方 return (a ball) to an opposing player
　He played the ball back close to the net.　他把球击回到对方靠近球网的地方。
2. 后退一步接球 take one step backwards before hitting the ball
　When a fast ball lands short of you, you have to play back.　当一个快球靠近你着地时，你得后退一步击球。
3. 播放，重播 reproduce from a tape or disc after sth has been recorded
　To record, press these two buttons together; then rewind, and then press the red button to play back.　要录音就得一起按下这两个键，而后倒回，按下这个红键放音。
　When I play back the text, please listen carefully to see whether there are any mispronunciations in it.　我放课文录音时请仔细听，看里面有没有发音错误。
　She played the tape back to us.　她把录音带重放给我们听。
　When we finished the recording we'll play it back to you.　我们录完了就给你们放。
 ♣ play down　(v.+adv.)
1. 轻描淡写，故意缩小…的重要性 try to make appear less important than it is
　Somehow Harriet always tried to play herself down to her friends.　不知为什么哈丽特总是竭力使自己在朋友们中间显得无足轻重。
　He will play down the financial difficulties of the company.　他将轻描淡写公司的财政困难。
　In a crisis it is best to play down the emotional issue.　在危机当中对感情问题最好轻描淡写些。
2. 和善地对待，放下架子 deliberately talk to or behave towards sb so that he does not feel inferior, in order to win support or favor
　Taylor used to play down to most of his employees.　泰勒经常放下架子对待他的大部分员工。
　Politicians have to learn to play down to the voters.　政治家必须学会对选民放下架子。
 ♣ play for　(v.+prep.)
1. 为了…而… perform (sth such as music or a play) so as to gain (sth such as a result)
　On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise.　在村庄的草地上，你临时组成了比赛球队，不牵涉到地方观念，那么，你可以纯粹为娱乐或锻炼而打球。
　Never play cards for money.　永远别为赌钱而玩牌。
　She dreams of the day when she will be playing the piano for a living.　她梦想着有朝一日能以演奏钢琴为生。
2. 代表…一方 be an active member of (a team); represent a game
　All promising young cricketers would like to play for England.　所有年轻有为的板球运动员都愿意为英格兰打球。
　She plays hockey for England.　她在英格兰队打曲棍球。
 ♣ play in¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 以音乐迎接 play music while sb enters
　The band played the guests in.　乐队奏乐迎宾。
2. 使自己进入比赛状态 accustom oneself to playing
　The team took a few minutes to play itself in.　队员们在比赛前花了几分钟的时间使自己进入状态。
　I need a few more minutes to play myself in.　我还需要几分钟才能适应。
 ♣ play in²　(v.+prep.)
1. 在…玩耍 amuse oneself (with a game) in sth such as a place
　It's healthy for children to play in the fresh air.　在新鲜空气中玩耍有益于孩子的健康。
　The local farmer used to let us play in his fields.　那个当地农夫常常让我们在他的地里玩。
　Why are children not allowed to play ball games in the park?　为什么不让孩子在公园里玩球?
2. 在…演奏；在…扮演角色 perform sth in a place
　Many of the workers play in the factory's brass band.　许多工人都在工厂铜管乐队中演奏。
　A famous actress is to play in our next production.　一位著名女演员将在我们下一出剧目中扮演角色。
　What an honour to play the drums in the town band!　在市乐队中击鼓是多么光荣啊！
　The United States played a key role in getting the hostages released.　美国在促使人质获释方面起了重要作用。
　This piece is not suitable to be played in the open air.　这个曲子不适合在露天演奏。
3. （使）在比赛中占…位置 (cause to) fill a position in a team game
　But I've never played in a defence position.　但我从来没当过后卫。
　I think we should play one of the younger men in goal.　我认为我们应该从更年轻的队员中选一位守门员。
 ♣ play like　(v.+prep.)
1. 像…那样表演 perform (music, an instrument, a character) in the manner of (sb/sth)
　All horn players wish they could play like Mr. Brain.　所有的管乐演奏者都希望自己能像布莱恩先生一样地演奏。
　The pianist played like a man possessed by devils.　这个钢琴家演奏起来就像着了魔似的。
2. 轻而易举地控制住… control sb easily
　One of the secrets of the speaker's success is his ability to play his opponent like a fish.　这位讲演者成功的秘诀之一就是他能轻而易举地控制住他的对手。
 ♣ play off　(v.+adv.)
1. 重新比赛，加赛 play again
　The two equal winners had to play off an additional game to decide the winner of the whole competition.　并列的那两名优胜者还要进行加赛以决定整个比赛的优胜者。
　The tie will be played off this afternoon.　今天下午将再比赛一次来决定胜负以解决这个平局。
　The match between the joint leaders will be played off tomorrow.　两个优胜队明天决赛。
2. 取笑 make fun of sb
　We must not try to play off the boy troubled with a stammer.　我们不可以去取笑这个有口吃病的男孩。
 ♣ play off against　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 完成同其他优胜者的平分比赛 finish playing (equal games) against (the other winner)
　The top teams in each group will play off seven games against each other.　各组的优胜者还要相互比赛七次。
2. （使）相互争斗以坐收渔利 oppose one person to another, for one's own advantage
　She played her enemies off against each other.　她挑动对手，让他们之间相互争斗。
　He played off Kane against Carlton until both were too angry with each other to attack him.　他挑起凯恩与卡尔顿之间的矛盾，直到两个人相互怒气冲冲而无暇来攻击他。
 ♣ play on¹　(v.+adv.)
　继续比赛　continue to play
　As there was still plenty of light, the teams decided to play on.　天还很亮，球队决定继续进行比赛。
 ♣ play on²〔upon〕　(v.+prep.)
1. 在…玩 amuse oneself on (sth such as an object or place)
　The baby is playing on the ground.　婴儿正在地上玩。
　Don't play upon the carpet.　别在地毯上玩。
2. 演奏… perform on (a musical instrument)
　While he sang, I played on the flute.　他唱歌，我吹笛伴奏。
　I can play upon the piano very well.　我弹钢琴弹得很好。
　He was playing an old tune on his flute.　他用笛子吹奏一首老曲子。
　He just sits in his room playing records on his stereo.　他只是坐在房间里放立体声唱片。
3. （使）在…荡漾，（使）喷射在…上 (cause to) pass over; (cause to) be directed onto (sth)
　She watched the sunlight playing on the water.　她注视着水面上闪烁的阳光。
　The sunlight plays on water.　阳光在水面上荡漾。
　The searchlights played on the clouds.　探照灯扫过云端。
　His mind played on the idea of going away for a holiday.　他心里动着度假的念头。
　The firemen played their hoses on the burning building.　消防队员用水龙头喷射燃烧着的建筑物。
　He played a searchlight on an object.　他用探照灯照射目标。
4. 对…加以利用 take advantage of (sb's emotions, fears, incredulity, sympathies, etc.)
　By playing upon the old lady's fears, the criminals were able to persuade her to give them her money.　罪犯们利用老太太恐惧的心理，终于使她把钱交了出来。
 ♣ play out　(v.+adv.)
1. 在户外玩耍 play out of doors
　It's too wet for the children to play out today; they'll have to amuse themselves indoors.　今天外面太潮，孩子们不宜在户外玩耍，他们得在室内玩了。
2. 进行到底 perform to the end
　Shall we call it a draw, or play it out?　我们是算平局呢，还是继续比赛决出胜负?
　As neither of the two teams had gained any points, they decided to play the match out until a goal had been scored.　由于两队都没有得分，所以他们决定继续比下去，直到一方射门得分。
3. 演完，做完 finish performing (a play) or playing (a game)
　When they played out, there is a smile on their face.　当他们演完时，他们的脸上露出了笑容。
　The children succeeded in playing out the comedy within two hours.　孩子们成功地在两小时内演完那出喜剧。
4. 以音乐送走 play music while sb leaves
　The band played the guests out.　乐队奏乐送客。
　The pianist played the happy pair out with the Wedding March.　钢琴家弹奏着《婚礼进行曲》送走了这对幸福的新婚夫妇。
5. 逐渐放开 unreel or unfold (a line, etc.)
　The rubber hose is playing out.　卷着的橡皮管正在逐渐放开。
　Let's play out the rope.　让我们把卷着的绳索放开。
6. 疲倦，用完 exhaust; use up
　We hope we have not yet played out our supplies.　我们希望贮备的东西还没用完。
　Having walked eighty li that day, some of them were played out at the end.　那天走了80里，结果他们中有几个人感到疲倦极了。
 ♣ play over¹　(v.+adv.)
　重新演奏或比赛　play again
　They play over the whole symphony.　他们把整个交响乐重新演奏了一遍。
 ♣ play over²　(v.+prep.)
　（使）在…荡漾或闪动；（使）喷射在…上　(cause to) pass over
　I saw a secret smile playing over his lips.　我看到一丝诡秘的微笑掠过他的嘴角。
　The watchers played a powerful light over the whole sky, searching for enemy planes.　哨兵们向整个天空发射强大的光柱，搜寻敌机。
 ♣ play through　(v.+adv.)
1. 进行到底 complete the playing of sth
　Let's see if we can play the whole piece through without a mistake.　让我们看看能否奏完整支曲子而不出错。
2. 保持不败 keep winning games
　Our team played through right up to the last game.　我们队一直到最后一场都保持不败的纪录。
3. 连续打下去 continue playing while others in front of one wait for one to go past
　We'll give you a few minutes to play through.　我们再给你几分钟时间让你连续打下去。
 ♣ play up　(v.+adv.)
1. 努力，积极地比赛 do one's best, play or move vigorously
　Play up! It's your turn.　加油啊！轮到你了。
　Play up! My friend.　努力啊！我的朋友。
　Play up! Play the game.　加油！别犯规。
2. 夸大 give excessive importance to sth
　In the interview you should play up your experience of working abroad.　在面试时你应当强调你在国外的工作经历。
　She played up her past achievements just to impress us.　她夸耀过去的成绩就是让我们觉得她了不起。
3. 为…做广告 advertise sth
　This new film will attract the crowds, whatever its quality, provided that it gets played up in the right way.　如果广告做得好，那么，无论这部新片子的质量如何，都会吸引许多观众的。
4. 出了毛病 not work properly
　The washing machine is playing up again.　洗衣机又出毛病了。
　The engine began playing up.　引擎开始出毛病了。
5. 给（某人）找麻烦，使（某人）感到难受 behave mischievously; cause trouble
　Don't let the children play up.　别让孩子们调皮捣蛋。
　The children are very active, but never play up.　这些孩子很淘气，但从不惹麻烦。
　My shoulder is playing up horribly.　我的肩膀痛得厉害。
　This wretched rheumatism has been playing me up.　这讨厌的风湿病又在找我的麻烦了。
 ♣ play up to　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 担任配角 assist (another actor)
　Your job as a supporting actor is to play up to the leading character.　作为一个配角，你的工作是与主角配合。
　He seems to want two good actors to play up to him.　看来他需要两个好演员来配合。
2. 博取…的欢心 try to win the favour of sb
　Helen is always playing up to people who may be able to help her.　海伦老是讨好那些可能帮助她的人。
　She's always playing up to the boss.　她总是讨好老板。
 ♣ play with　(v.+prep.)
1. 同…一起玩 amuse oneself with sb
　Alatook's sister was playing with her friends near the house.　阿拉吐克的妹妹正和伙伴们在屋子附近玩。
　The kid was playing with his ball while old Maggie sat dozing off in a deck chair.　孩子在玩皮球，老玛吉在帆布躺椅上睡觉。
　Don't play cards with your brother.　不要和你兄弟玩牌。
　I am playing chess with my father.　我正在和爸爸下棋。
2. 玩弄… treat (sb/sth)
　The boss attempted to play with his woman secretary.　老板企图玩弄他的女秘书。
　It is wrong for a man to play with a woman's affections.　男人玩弄女人的感情是错误的。
　He's not a man to be played with.　他可不是个可受耍弄的人。
3. （不太认真地）考虑 think about (often carelessly)
　She has often played with the idea of going abroad.　她经常有出国的念头。

 ♣ play, play at
　这两个词（组）都可以表示“玩”，在多数情况下可以互换使用。其区别是：
1. 有些运动如golf, football或cricket一般不可用play at. 例如：
　We are playing golf.　我们正在打高尔夫球。
2. 从前说play at cards〔chess, billiards〕等，现在一般不用play at，而用play. 例如：
　Do you like to play cards?　你愿意玩牌吗?但如果比赛的对象或玩的伙伴为play的宾语时， at则不可省略。例如：
　Will you play me at chess?　你愿意和我下象棋吗?
3. to play tennis强调宾语：打网球；而to play at tennis侧重动词：以打网球消遣，打网球玩。
4. 在现代英语中，指成年人扮演角色时通常用play，而指孩子的模仿时常用play at. 例如：
　The children played at soldiers.　孩子们模仿士兵。
　The men play soldiers.　成年人扮演士兵角色。
 ♣ play ball with, collaborate with, cooperate with, team up with
　参见cooperate条。
 ♣ 下面两句意思相同：
　
 ♣ 下面两个短语意思不同：
　
 ♣ 下面的句子可有三种不同的理解：
　

　有空请到我家来玩。
　［误］ Please come to my home and play when you have time.
　［正］ Please come and see me when you have time.
　那天晚上他们玩得热闹极了。
　［误］ That evening they played very enthusiastically.
　［正］ They had a very good time that evening.
　［正］ They enjoyed themselves that evening.
　我们学校的外国留学生常和我们一起玩。
　［误］ The foreign students in our school often play with us.
　［正］ The foreign students in our school often join our recreational activities.
　［析］ 在现代英语中， play用作不及物动词表示“玩”时，几乎只能用于儿童、动物或用于玩笑口吻中。不可把汉语“玩”一律译成play.

　play　后接球类时虽然不加冠词，但用game作宾语时要说play a game of，后接球类或游戏名称，意为“打一会儿”。例如：
　The children want to play a game of football.　孩子们想玩一会儿足球。

1. U 游戏，玩耍，娱乐　 activity done for amusement, especially by children recreation
2. U 比赛，竞赛，运动　 playing of a game
3. C 戏剧，剧本　 work written to be performed by actors; drama

　act ～　演戏
　allow ～　充分发挥
　buy ～　买剧本
　commend ～　赞赏剧本
　criticize ～　批评戏剧
　follow a ～　看戏
　give a ～　演一出戏
　go to ～　去看戏
　novelize a ～　把剧本改写成小说
　perform ～　演戏
　present ～　上演戏剧
　produce ～　上演戏剧
　put on ～　演戏
　render a ～　演某出剧
　review ～　评论戏剧
　see ～　看戏
　show ～　演戏
　sit out a ～　一直坐到演出结束
　sponsor ～　为电视播放戏剧出资
　stage ～　上演戏剧
　telecast a ～　电视播放一出戏
　touch ～　修改剧本
　work on ～　写剧本
　write ～　写剧本
　bring sth into ～　发挥，调动，利用，使活动
　call sth into ～　发挥，调动，利用，使活动
　come into ～　起作用，开始活动
　hold in ～　牵制
　make ～ for　挖空心思地吸引（某人）
　put ball into ～　开球
　ambitious ～　雄心勃勃的比赛
　boisterous ～　兴高采烈的比赛
　brawling ～　喧闹的比赛
　careless ～　无忧无虑的游玩
　ceaseless ～　不停的玩
　exciting ～　紧张的比赛
　expert ～　精彩的比赛
　fair ～　公平的比赛，光明正大的行为，光明磊落
　fine ～　精彩的动作
　full ～　拼命活动，全力运转
　good ～　漂亮的动作
　pretty ～　精彩的比赛
　rough ～　粗野的比赛
　comic ～　喜剧
　contemporary ～　现代剧
　double ～　双打
　experimental ～　试验剧
　historical ～　历史剧
　humorous ～　幽默剧，滑稽剧
　modern ～　现代剧
　musical ～　音乐剧
　mystery ～　神秘剧
　new ～　新剧
　numerous ～　大量剧本
　propagandist ～　宣传剧
　realistic ～　现实主义戏剧
　symbolic ～　象征派戏剧
　traditional ～　传统戏剧
　broadcast ～　广播剧
　miracle ～　（中世纪表演基督教《圣经》故事的）奇迹剧
　one-act ～　独幕剧
　passion ～　耶稣受难剧
　stage ～　舞台剧
　team ～　团体赛，全队协作
　after ～　戏演完后
　at ～　看戏时，在玩，正在游戏
　by a ～　靠发挥…
　for ～　玩
　in ～　在剧中，界内球，不是死球
　into ～　发挥，发扬
　of ～　爱玩
　out of ～　出界
　～ in five acts　五幕剧
　～ of words　文字游戏，玩弄词藻
　～ on〔upon〕 words　双关语，俏皮话

　His life is all work and no play.　他的生活只是工作，没有娱乐。
　All work and no play isn't a good thing.　只工作不玩耍不是件好事。
　No one who has not been working can truly enjoy play.　未曾工作的人是不会真正享受游玩的乐趣的。
　We did all our work and all our play.　我们总是一起干活一起玩耍。
　It is time for play.　该玩玩了。
　He's very fond of play.　他很爱玩。
　All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.　只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
　Rain stopped the play.　比赛因下雨而无法进行。
　That's not fair play.　那比赛不公平。
　The tennis players need total concentration during play.　网球运动员在比赛中需要全神贯注。
　We've had an interesting day's play in the cricket match.　今天的板球赛打得很精彩。
　There was some excellent play in yesterday's match.　昨天的比赛有些出色的表现。
　There was some nice play from the United in the second half.　联队在下半场比赛中有些精彩的表现。
　There was some exciting play near the end of the game.　比赛快结束时，有些令人兴奋的场面。
　They were penalized for too much rough play.　他们因在比赛中过于粗野而受罚。
　There were some rough plays in that hockey game.　那场曲棍球比赛中有一些粗野的动作。
　The play caught on well.　这出戏大受欢迎。
　The play ran for two years on Broadway.　那出戏在百老汇连续演出达2年之久。
　When does the play begin?　戏什么时候开演?
　We are going to see the new play at the Playhouse.　我们要到大剧院看新剧。
　I saw the play a couple of years ago.　几年前我看过这出戏。
　She has just written a new play.　她刚写完一部新剧。
　This is the play of supernatural forces in human destiny.　这就是超自然的力量对人类命运的影响。
　Give your rope some play— don't keep it so tight.　给绳子松一下——不要绑得太紧。
　There's too much play in the steering wheel.　这汽车的方向盘太松了。
　He gave full play to his feelings and began to shout angrily.　他任意宣泄感情，开始生气地叫喊起来。
　Before the building there is a fountain with a leaping play of water.　大楼前面有一个喷泉，喷出的水柱忽高忽低。
　I could feel the play of wind.　我能感觉到微风的吹拂。
　He won 1000 pounds in last night's play.　他昨天晚上赌赢了1000英镑。
　It is high play.　这是输赢很大的赌博。
　Whose play is it?　该轮到谁了?
　It's your play.　轮到你了。

 ♣ at play
　在游戏　playing
　The children are at play.　孩子们正在玩耍。
　He spent his leisure hours at play with his four sisters.　他闲暇时与四个姐妹一起玩耍。
　The children are now at play in the court.　孩子们现在正在院子里玩。
 ♣ bring into play
　发挥　cause sth to have an influence
　We must bring all positive factors into play.　我们必须调动一切积极因素。
　This financial crisis has brought new factors into play.　这次金融危机引发新的因素起作用了。
　He brought all his strength into play to move the rock.　他使足了劲去搬动那块石头。
　He had to bring all his experience into play to beat this difficult opponent.　他不得不运用他的全部经验来击败这个难对付的对手。
 ♣ come into play
　积极活动或起作用　be active or have an influence
　Now that television has become important in elections, a new set of circumstances has come into play.　既然电视在选举中已变得十分重要，那么一系列新的情况已经开始发生影响。
　All your faculties have come into play in your work.　在你的工作中，你的全部才能已起到了作用。
　Personal feelings should not come into play when one has to make business decisions.　为公事作决策不应掺杂个人情感。
 ♣ in play
1. 开玩笑地，打趣地 as a joke; not seriously
　The remark was only made in play.　那话只是说着玩的。
　She only did it in play — she didn't really mean it.　她只是闹着玩，不是有意的。
2. 处于比赛状态，活球 playing; in a position where the rules of the game allow it to be played
　While the ball is in play, no player may leave the field.　在比赛中没有选手可以退出场地。
　The football rolled towards the edge of the pitch, but he managed to keep it in play.　足球向草地边缘滚去，他好不容易才使它没变成死球。
3. 赌博 gamble
　He lost a lot of money in play.　他赌输了很多钱。
 ♣ make a play for
　为得到意想的结果而采取行动　perform actions that are designed to achieve a desired result
　She was making a big play for the leadership of the party.　她千方百计要当党的领导。
　He was making a play for the prettiest girl in the college.　他挖空心思想勾引那所学院中最漂亮的女生。
 ♣ out of play
　出界，死球　not in a position where the rules of the game allow it to be played
　The defender kicked the ball out of play.　防守者把球踢到界外。
　The judge ruled that the ball was out of play and so the point did not count.　裁判判定球已出界，所以得分无效。
 ♣ play on words
　双关语　pun
　English humour consists of plays on words.　许多英语幽默都运用了双关语。

 ♣ play, game, match, sport, tournament
　参见game条。
 ♣ 下面各组中的两个短语意思不同：
　
　
　

　［派生词］ player n.游戏的人，打牌的人，选手，比赛者；演员；演奏者‖playful adj.活泼快乐的；爱玩的；戏谑的，闹着玩的
　［词源］　古英语plegan（玩，忙于游戏，表演）