词组 | no |
释义 | 1.用 no 或 yes 回答否定的疑问句,注意不可顺着那否定语而说 yes,也不可否定那否定语而说 no,如回答 Is the baby not a boy 不可说Yes, it is not a boy 或No, it is a boy,却该说No, it is not a boy 或Yes, it is a boy。换句话说,回答否定疑问句和回答肯定疑问句,那 no 和 yes 的用法是相同的。例如: 但别以为用了 no,后面一定有否定的词。如不论那疑问句是 Is the baby a boy 或 Is the baby not a boy 那答句都可以是No, it is a girl。it is a girl 里并没有否定的词,但注意 it is a girl 却含有 it is not a boy 的意思。现在再举一个例子: Will he be at home this afternoon?(肯定疑问句) Will he not be at home this afternoon?(否定疑问句) No, he will be in his office. 回答 Do you know those children? 当然该说 Yes, I know them 或 No, I do not know them。但假使“只认识几个,并不全部认识”,那答语里用 yes 或 no 就要看后面怎样说。该说 Yes, I know some of them 或 No, I do not know all of them。 2.下面每组里的两句意思不同: 3.下面每组里的两句意思不同: 4.no such thing,no such book 等表达方式里不可在 such 后面加上 a。例如:There is no such thing (as that). 5.注意下面两句里的 no 前面没有 a,the,his 等词: He has no small reputation as an artist. He owes no small reputation as an artist to his paintings. 这种用法里的 no 是形容词(不是副词),修饰被形容词所修饰的名词,no small...=a great...。假使必须加 a,the,his 等词,最好把 no 改作 not。例如:a not small reputation,the not small reputation 和his not small reputation,但这三种表达方式不及 a great reputation,the great reputation 和 his great reputation 普通。 其他如 Hers was no common talent 和 He is a person of no great height 里的 no 的用法跟上面所说的相同。 上面说假使必须加 a,the,his 等词,最好把 no 改作 not。事实上也有a no...,the no...,his no...等用法,如 at a no distant date,the no small surprise of all 和his no inconsiderable success,但很少见,最好不用。at a no distant date 里的 a 删去,the no small surprise of all 和his no inconsiderable success 里的 no 改作 not。 上面所举各例里的 no 后面的形容词都属于原级。用了属于最高级的形容词意思便大不相同。比较下面两句: He has no small chance of success.(他大有成功的可能。) He has no smallest chance of success.(他完全没有成功的可能。) 第二句=He has not the smallest chance of success. 6.no boy 当然属于单数形式,no girl 也是单数。no boy and no girl 或 no boy and girl 也是单数。例如:No boy and (no) girl is admitted. 7.no one 是“没有人”,no man 也是“没有人”,但现在不普通,no one man 是“没有一个单独的人”。比较下面三句: No one can do it.(没有人能够做这个。) No man can do it.(跟第一句相同,但不普通) No one man can do it.(没有人能够单独做这个[必须两个或更多的人才能够]。) 比较下面两句: No one knows all of it.(没有人知道这件事的全部[众人所知道的合并起来也许是全部,但也许不是全部]。) No one man knows all of it.(没有一个单独的人知道这件事的全部[众人所知道的合并起来才是全部]。) 8.no one of us,no one of these,no one of the books 等表达方式也有人用,但不及用 none 普通。 9.no one(没有人)=no-one,参见 no-one 10.不可说No book does not interest me,该改作Every book interests me。 11.No..., no...(要是你不……,就得不到……)和 No...without...(你要……,总得……)意思相同,如 No pains, no gains(要是你不劳苦,就得不到利益,就是“不劳则无获”)和 No gains without pains(也是“不劳则无获”)。这种结构,在谚语里用得很多。例如: No mill, no meal.(不播种没收获。) No song, no supper.(不先唱歌没晚饭吃。) No sweet without sweat.(不劳则无获。) No rose without a thorn.(世上没有绝对的幸福。) No garden without its weeds.(有利必有弊。) 12.No...ing 用在招贴、口号等里,表示“不准……”。例如: No smoking!(不准吸烟!) No scribbling on the blackboard!(黑板上不准涂写!) No talking!(不准讲话!) No parking!(不准停车!) 13.No pupil has really learnt to read if he does not know how to choose books 这句意思很明白。就语法讲,he 可说指 no pupil,但不可用 no pupil 代 he,可说指 pupil,但也不可用 the pupil 代 he。 14.下面 B 说 No more he is 而不说 No more is he,因为 he 就是 A 所说的 he,说 No more is his brother 而不说 No more his brother is,因为 his brother 并不就是 he: A: I don't think he is clever. B: No more he is. No more is his brother. |
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