| 词组 | administrate |
| 释义 | administrate Usage writers will sometimes pass along misinformation because they have not used important resources such as the historical dictionaries. Copperud 1970, 1980 tells us administrate is an Americanism. It is not; it was first used in British English in the 17th century. Nickles 1974 calls it a back-formation; it is not, having been coined out of pure Latin. Nickles further informs us it is overused. That is a matter of judgment, of course, but as a matter of fact it is a much less frequently used word than its synonym administer. Jerry Adler, writing in Newsweek (8 Dec. 1980), quotes William Safire to the effect that administrators no longer administer, but administrate. Our files contain abundant evidence that they administer. Sometimes they do both: • I'm a good administrator when I have something to administer. I mean, I really think I administered the Civil Aeronautics Board very effectively, and the Public Service Commission. But I don't have anything to administrate here —Alfred E. Kahn, quoted in NY. Times, 9 Nov. 1980 Administrate is an unstigmatized entry in OED, Webster's Second, and Webster's Third. It might not have been noticed at all had not H. W. Fowler put it in his list of long variants in 1926. It is not used nearly as often as administer, although our citations of its use have increased somewhat in recent years. It appears to be developing an intransitive as well as a transitive use. William Safire (N. Y. Times Mag., 6 Oct. 1985) quotes a linguist, William Kretzschmer, Jr., as finding that administrate is becoming differentiated from administer. Our evidence is too sparse at the present to confirm any differentiation. |
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