| 词组 | aforementioned, aforesaid |
| 释义 | aforementioned, aforesaid Copperud 1970 cites himself and Flesch as finding these words unsuitable for ordinary contexts; Strunk & White 1959 finds aforesaid "damaging in standard prose"; Nickles 1974 labels both words "legal lingo" to be avoided. Although these two words are used in legal contexts, they also appear in general contexts, where they are not used in quite the same way as in documents. Aforementioned seems to be somewhat the more common word. It is widely employed as part of a standard auditor's statement: • In our opinion, the aforementioned financial statements present fairly the consolidated financial position of... —Annual Report, Atlantic Richfield Co., 1970 It also appears in rather ordinary contexts, many of which—perhaps surprisingly—are written in an informal style: • ... in the aforementioned times when not just natural-shoulder but all suits were eschewed in favor of jeans —David Piatt, Playboy, April 1980 • The first of the six, the aforementioned Oberhoffer, remained at the helm until 1922 —Roland Gelatt, Saturday Rev., 29 Oct. 1977 • Grandaddy of them all, the aforementioned Bonanza International —Charles Biderman, Barron's, 8 May 1972 • In 1966 the aforementioned Mr. Jenkins, in one of his earlier though not wiser pronouncements — "Albion," Security World, May 1968 • ... the aforementioned impartial and incorruptible chance —Frank Stockton, "The Lady or the Tiger?" 1882, in Worlds of People (textbook), 1951 The word is used at times for humorous effect: • "Four gin-and-tonics is whose idea of healthful sport?" said the aforementioned spouse of aforesaid with a snarl that so incensed the snarlee that I—I mean, the snarlee—did spitefully consume the four and then two more —John Ciardi, Saturday Rev., 22 Jan. 1972 • Margaret is, I regret to say, called Mopsy and she burns genteely [sic] for the unworthy Luke. In the end she gets him but not before everybody gets entangled in the aforementioned plot devices — Edward Fitzgerald, Saturday Rev., 26 July 1952 • ... the height of its forehead being lost in the still more perilous height of the aforementioned hat — Irish Statesman, 22 Nov. 1924 We have less evidence for aforesaid than for aforementioned. It does not appear regularly in any formulaic statements that we are aware of. Like aforementioned it often appears in contexts of a light or humorous nature: • I had just finished "sottin"' 48 tender celery plants in a neat row in my tillage when a large, yellow Thomas Cat hastened in a generally south-north direction and placed a foot precisely on each plant aforesaid en passant. The reason for this intrusion was immediately clear—four large and excited hounds in full cry —John Gould, Christian Science Monitor, 18 July 1980 Aforementioned and aforesaid furnish one convenient way to refer back to something mentioned earlier, perhaps on occasion to avoid the often sullied above (see above 1). They come from legal lingo and are used in legal contexts. In ordinary contexts they seem to be often used informally and for humorous effect. |
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