| 词组 | arrive |
| 释义 | arrive 1. The question of what prepositions to use with arrive has been a matter of comment since 1770. Baker 1770 prescribes at, rather than to, for literal senses; either at or to for figurative senses. The figurative senses do not seem to occur to later commentators: Raub 1897 says "at a place, in a vehicle, from a place," and Bernstein 1965 says only at or in without explanation. We will take up literal and figurative senses separately, the literal first. When the place of arrival is the object, we find in and at: • ... arrived in the United States —Current Biography, April 1968 • ... when we first arrived in Stonington —Dana Burnet, New England Journeys, 1953 • Ninety per cent of the emigrants arrive in New York City —Geographical Rev., January 1954 • Safely arrived at the capital —Christian Herald, October 1967 • ... members arrived at the classroom with arms full of books —Marel Brown, Christian Herald, March 1954 Either may be used of birth: • When Harley Johnston came into the world, he arrived at a small manor house —Donn Byrne, A Daughter of the Medici, 1935 • Late that autumn a boy baby arrived in their home —Irving Bachelier, A Man for the Ages, 1919 On or upon may be used in some instances: • ... by early morning the uniformed youngsters began to arrive on the dock —Frank Oliver, The Reporter, 6 July 1954 • American tenor Jess Thomas arrived on the roster of the New York Metropolitan Opera in 1962 —Current Biography, June 1964 • Two policemen at length arrived upon the scene — OED Into is also sometimes used: • Neighbors arrive into what is already a madhouse scene —Elizabeth Bowen, New Republic, 9 Mar. 1953 • ... with which persons may arrive into the world at birth —Psychiatry, May 1945 When things—material or immaterial—arrive, we find in, at, or on: • ... a just appreciation of Baudelaire has been slow to arrive in England —T. S. Eliot, "Baudelaire," in Selected Essays, 1932 • ... was safe when Allen's lob to Johnson arrived at the bag too late —Joseph Durso, N Y. Times, 7 Sept. 1969 • Swift's words arrive on the page with the regular tap of a day's rain —V. S. Pritchett, Books In General, 1953 • ... the day that particular issue ... arrived on the New Hampshire newsstands —The Reporter, 17 Aug. 1954 If the object is the point of departure, from is the most common, with out offinding a little use: • ... many of them recently arrived from the hill country —Cabell Phillips, N. Y. Times Mag., 30 May 1954 • ... who arrived in 1849 from Munich —American Guide Series: Tennessee, 1939 • When material aid arrived from the Soviet Union — Current Biography, June 1967 • ... a lost begrimed dark burnt army abruptly arrived out of some holocaust —Marshall Frady, Harper's, November 1970 • ... belches begin arriving out of your body —Richard Brautigan, A Confederate General from Big Sur, 1964 When the object is the means of arrival, we find by, on, and occasionally in: • ... but, after arriving by boat, it was found to be too heavy to transport —American Guide Series: Louisiana, 1941 • ... the visitor who arrives, as I did, by air —George Lichtheim, Commentary, October 1957 • Francis Cooke, who arrived on the Mayflower — Current Biography, February 1967 • ... other invisible persons arriving in close carriages —Herman Melville, Pierre, 1852 In figurative use, the object in mind is almost always the point of arrival and the preposition in modern use is overwhelmingly at. The OED recognizes the use of to, which it labels obsolete. To is perhaps not quite obsolete, but it was more common in the 18th century (when Baker took note of it) than it is in the 20th. • I have arrived to vast courage and skill that way — Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, reprinted in Encore, November 1944 • ... and those, who could not otherwise arrive to a Perfection,... made use of the same Experiment to acquire it —Jonathan Swift, "A Discourse Concerning the Mechanical Operation of the Spirit," 1710 • ... power arrives to them accidentally and late in their careers —Hilaire Belloc, Richelieu, 1930 • ... he had at least arrived at what he considered a reasonable point —Norman Mailer, Harper's, March 1971 • The investigator arrives at a list of units —W. F. Bolton, A Short History of Literary English, 1967 • ... want to do considerable exploring in college before arriving at a career decision —Milton S. Eisenhower, Johns Hopkins Mag., February 1966 • ... when their eldest child was arriving at school age —Frederick Lewis Allen, The Big Change, 1952 • ... each in his own way, suddenly arrived at inventing twentieth-century art —Janet Flanner, New Yorker, 6 Oct. 1956 • ... to arrive at general conclusions —Robert A. Hall, Jr., A Short History of Italian Literature, 1951 • ... the deepest secret of the universe at which we can arrive —John Cowper Powys, The Meaning of Culture, 1939 • It's restful to arrive at a decision —Robert Frost, New Hampshire, 1923 • ... began to arrive at a certain importance —Osbert Sitwell, Triple Fugue, 1924 From may indicate a figurative as well as a literal source: • ... a century in which totalitarianism arrives as easily from the Right as from the Left —Barbara Ward, N. Y. Times Mag., 20 June 1954 2. Harper 1975, 1985 notes with regret the transitive use of arrive and depart by airlines people—simply the usual verb without the preposition. The OED shows such use (not in airlines lingo, though) from the late 17th century; even Tennyson indulged in it once. Our files show no evidence of a spread from the airlines to general use. 3. How long does it take a new sense of a word to make itself at home? The sense of arrive meaning "to achieve success" is recorded in the OED Supplement as making its arrival in 1889; its first appearance is marked by inclusion in quotation marks. This sense took its time: here are two examples more than 60 years later with the word still enclosed in quotation marks: • The new rich, financiers and industrialists, had "arrived." —Times Literary Supp., 15 June 1951 • ... the railroad had decidedly "arrived" —G. Ferris Cronkhite, American Quarterly, Summer 1954 Quotation marks are no longer used; the sense is fully established. |
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