| 释义 |
■ share (vt, vi)作为及物动词（第一类或第四类均可），share 用法和搭配，可以首先看它的直接宾语（宾语是具体事物时，share 除非是经常反复，多属第四类动词；宾语是抽象事物时，share 多属第一类动词）有没有已定的所有主，分别情况如下： 1) 直接宾语有已定的所有主（有 my, his 等物主代词），而且这个所有主就是主语，意思就是主语（人）将直接宾语拿来同 (with) 他人分享（主语自己也参与分享）。 - Why don't you share your cookies with Jim?你的曲奇饼就同吉姆分着吃吧。
- I'd like to share my feelings with you on this happy day.在这欢庆的日子，我愿诸位同我一道庆祝。
2) 情况同上，但是主语（人）拿出直接宾语（物）给他人多人分配，自己不参加分享。 - He shared his property between his wife, daughter, and sister.他把自己的财产拿出来分给妻子、女儿和妹妹。
3) 直接宾语没有已定的所有主（没有 my, his 等物主代词），由主语（人）同 (with) 他人分享或共用。 - I share an apartment with a classmate.我和一个同班同学合住一处公寓。
- He shared with his brother the small income from his father's estate.他同弟弟分用靠父亲产业得来的小额收入。
也可以不是分享或共用，而是分担。 - You can find out whether they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you.你可以打听出他们是否准备同你一起分担鲜花的费用。
直接宾语没有 my, his 等物主代词，但其实属于主语所有，后面没有 with 引入，此时意思仍然是“拿出来”或“公布出来”的意思。 - He declined to share any information about the plan.他不肯透露该计划的任何情况。
有时候直接宾语是主语所有的一个信息，此时 share 的词义已经转变为单纯的“说出来”或“公布出来”。 - And when (Hillary) Clinton's primary victory in New Hampshire last month caught everyone by surprise, some analysts suggested that the polls had been so wrong beforehand in part because voters in the overwhelmingly white state had been reluctant to share their true, race-based reservations about Obama. (Boston Sunday Globe, Feb. 17, 2008, D1)希拉里·克林顿上个月在新罕布什尔州初选获胜使得人人都惊讶时，有些分析家就认为，民意测验原先错得这么厉害，部分是由于这个以白人占绝大多数的州的选民本来基于种族，对奥巴马其实抱有保留，只是不愿意说出来。
4) 直接宾语有已定的所有主（有 my, his 等物主代词或 of 短语），但是这个所有主不是主语，反而是主语（人）分享或分担直接宾语（他人之物）。 - Won't you share my umbrella?到我这把雨伞下一起避雨吧。
- I share your feelings.我与你有同感。
也可以把 share 当作不及物动词，后面用 in 引入宾语。 - The company is offering you the chance to share in its success.公司现在向您提供机会，可以分享它的成功果实。
5) 直接宾语（具体或抽象事物）没有已定的所有主，而是由主语（多人）共同分享、共有、共用或分担。 - Let's share the expenses between us.费用咱们分摊吧。
- We share the same star sign.咱们都是属同一个星座的。
- They share the same ancestry.他们同祖同宗。
- They share the credit for the discovery.这次发现，功劳是他们共同的。
- Two Americans will share this year's Nobel Prize for Medicine.今年的诺贝尔医学奖由两个美国人共同获得。
- The republics have worked out a plan for sharing control of nuclear weapons.各共和国拟定了一项分享核武器控制权的计划。
这个意义和用法，可以转换为被动语气，原先的主语多用 between 或 among，较少用 by 引入。 - Scarce water resources are share between states who cannot trust each other.稀缺的水资源，由一些彼此不能互相信任的国家分享。
6) 直接宾语代表某个主张、心态，有已定的所有主（有 my, his 等物主代词或 of 短语），但这个所有主不是主语，而主语（人）则同样持有这种主张、心态。 - I share your hope that war may be avoided.我同你一样希望战争能够避免。
7) 直接宾语代表某个心态或倾向，但没有已定的所有主，而是主语（多人）都有同样的心态或倾向。 - I felt we both shared the same sense of loss, the same pain.我当时觉得我们两人都同样感到失落，同样感到痛苦。
■ share (n)1) 说某某人的 share (of something)，意思是按照比例某某人应得到或应担负的数量。这个数量，可以是一个总量按比例分摊的一部分，但也可以根本没有总量分摊这回事，只不过是按某某人的大小，根据别人已有的数量，按比例估算。总量按比例分摊的。 - I've already paid my share.我应该支付的那一部分我已经支付了。
- How much is my share of the bill?账单上我的一份应该是多少？
- She must take her share of the blame.她应该承担她那一份的过错。
没有总量分摊时，往往意思是表示这样的比例已经够大了（而不是表示应该这么大）。 - I've done my share of covering her up.我替她打掩护，已经够意思的了。
- He's come in for his full share of criticism.他也受够了批评了。
有时候 share 表示一种模糊的意义，指一个正常的或通常的抽象数量。 - They've had their share of misfortune.也够他们倒霉的了。
- I was flattered to learn that my article got its share of readers with questions and good wishes.我很荣幸，我的那篇文章，有了相当一批读者，而且他们还提出了一些问题，表示了祝贺。
- If the dispositions of the parties are ever so well known to each other, or ever so similar beforehand, it does not advance their felicity in the least. They always continue to grow sufficiently unlike afterwards to have their share of vexation, ... (Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Chapter Six)一对爱人婚前脾气摸得非常透，或者脾气非常相同，这并不能保证他们俩就会幸福。他们总是弄到后来距离越来越远，彼此烦恼，…（这里的 their share of vexation 指通常会在他们身上出现的那种程度的烦恼）。
- He was of indeterminate middle age and corpulent enough to suggest he indulged in his share of the seven deadly sins, particularly gluttony and sloth. (Robin Cook, Crisis)他约莫中年年纪，身材肥胖，胖到令人觉得他大概沉迷于他那一份上的七项该死的罪孽，尤其是贪吃和懒惰。
share 后面接介词 in，表示“在…中起的部分作用”。 - She must have had a share in his downfall.他的垮台，她一定起了点作用。
2) more than one's share of 原意是“比自己应分得的份额多”，但也可以转义为标准不明确的泛泛的“过多”（中文“额外”的“额”也同样是不明确的）。 - We've had more than our share of rain this summer.咱们这里今年夏天雨水格外多。
- They've had more than their share of attention.他们受到的照顾已经过多了。
- He received more than his share of concerned looks.他招来别人不放心的目光额外多。
- As the nation's third- largest manufacturing state, Ohio has suffered more than its share of regrowing pains. (US News & World Report, June 7, 2004, p.38)作为全国制造业的第三大州，俄亥俄尝到了过多的转型的阵痛。
- People with arthritis tend to have more than their share of free radicals and therefore should make an extra effort to get more antioxidants.关节炎患者常常有过多的自由基，因此需要分外努力获得更多的抗氧化剂。
如果前文交代清楚了，of... 可以省去。 - All rich men make enemies, but he seems to have made more than his share.凡是有钱人，都会树敌，不过他似乎树敌格外多。
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