vt. & vi.学；学习；研究 make efforts to acquire knowledge; work; learn

　～ a map　仔细查阅地图
　～ economics　学经济学
　～ engineering　学工程学
　～ English　学英语
　～ French　学法语
　～ medicine　学医
　～ painting　学画画
　～ philosophy　学哲学
　～ Shakespeare　研究莎士比亚的作品
　～ the menu　细阅菜单
　～ the needs of the people　研究人民的需要
　～ the next move　考虑下一步行动
　～ the problem　研究这个问题
　～ the programme　细阅节目单
　～ the social matters　研究社会问题
　～ the structure of the bridge　研究桥的结构
　～ abroad　出国学习
　～ carefully　仔细地研究
　～ closely　仔细地研究
　～ curiously　好奇地打量
　～ deeply　深入钻研
　～ diligently　勤奋学习
　～ earnestly　认真学习
　～ extensively　广泛地研究
　～ hard　努力学习
　～ laboriously　刻苦学习
　～ minutely　详细地研究
　～ privately　自学
　～ silently　默默地研究
　～ systematically　系统地学习
　～ theoretically　理论上研究
　～ thoroughly　彻底地研究
　～ out　研究出，苦思后解决
　～ out a mystery　解开奥秘
　～ out a new system　研究出一套新的体系
　～ out a plan　拟出一计划
　～ out a puzzle　解开一个谜
　～ up　为某种目的而专门阅读，查阅，钻研
　～ up on　对…进行仔细研究
　～ at school　上学
　～ by mail　通过函授学习
　～ by oneself　自学
　～ for a degree　攻读学位
　～ from〔under, with〕 sb　跟某人学习
　～ in college　在大学学习
　～ into a matter　调查某事
　～ into a subject　钻研问题
　～ under a well-known professor　在著名教授指导下学习〔研究〕
　～ without a teacher　自学

　You can study by yourself.　你可以自学。
　He's studying at home now; he has left school.　现在他在家里自学，他不上学了。
　He went to Oxford to study.　他到牛津大学去学习了。
　Severe criticisms from his teacher prompted him to study hard.　老师的严厉批评促使他用功学习。
　More men will be sent to study abroad.　将派遣更多的人出国学习。
　He often studied late into the night.　他常常学习到深夜。
　The child will not study unless you stand over him.　除非你监督这男孩，否则他是不会学习的。
　He was studying to be a doctor.　他在读医科。
　We will study to avoid making mistakes.　我们要力图不犯错误。
　You'll have to keep studying hard to stay ahead of the others.　你得继续刻苦学习，才能领先于其他人。
　He is studying German.　他在学习德语。
　I'm thinking of studying engineering by mail.　我在想通过函授学工程学。
　Helen studied her spelling lesson for half an hour.　海伦花了半个小时学习拼写课程。
　For a year he studied English with a foreign teacher.　他跟一位外国老师学了一年英语。
　We must study their experience in running factories.　我们必须研究他们管理工厂的经验。
　The committee will study the tax plan thoroughly.　委员会将仔细研究这项税收计划。
　I studied him pretty closely at one time.　有一次我相当仔细地看了看他。
　He looked at her hard, studying her face.　他目不转睛地盯着她，端详着她的脸。
　He was studying the map.　当时他在仔细察看地图。
　He studied the picture, which had been taken in the summer time.　他仔细看这照片，这是夏天照的。
　I will study the matter and give you my opinion.　我将认真考虑一下这个问题，然后将我的意见告诉你。
　This school studies the needs of all the children in it.　这所学校认真考虑所有学童的需要。
　The works of Picasso are studied by many people in the world.　毕加索的作品在世界上有许多人在研究。
　They are studying what to do next Sunday.　他们在研究下星期日做什么。
　He studied how to finish the work in the shortest possible time.　他研究了怎样才能在最短的时间里完成这项工作。
　I must study why he killed himself.　我必须研究一下他为什么自杀。
　They study themselves a little silly.　他们觉得自己有点傻。

 ♣ study for　(v.+prep.)
　为准备（考试等）而努力学习　work hard at learning (from sth such as a book) in preparation for (sth such as an examination)
　We study for knowledge, not for marks.　我们为求知而学习，不是为分数而学习。
　It's difficult to study for a law degree in evening classes while working during the day.　白天工作而靠晚上上夜校取得法学学位不是件容易的事。
　He is studying for the bar.　他为准备做律师而学习。
　Please be quiet, I have to study this book for a test tomorrow.　请不要说话，明天要考试了，我得看这本书。
 ♣ study out　(v.+adv.)
1. 研究出，苦思冥想后解决 find out by study, succeed in finding out by hard thinking
　They have studied out the best way.　他们已研究出最好的办法。
　He has studied out the mystery.　他解开了这个谜。
　Finally she studied out the maths problem.　最后她解出了那道数学题。
2. 为…订出计划，设计，拟定 make a plan for, devise, plot
　We studied out a plan for increasing production.　我们拟出了一个增产计划。
 ♣ study under　(v.+prep.)
　在（某人）指导下学习　have sb as one's teacher, usually at a high level
　Jane will be lucky to study under such a famous singer.　简能在这样一位著名歌唱家指导下学习，太幸运了。
 ♣ study up　(v.+adv.)
1. 为某种目的而专门阅读，查阅 do special reading about sth for a specific purpose
　I knew very well about the matter because I'd studied it up in a book.　那件事我很熟悉，因为我曾在一本书中查阅过。
　We should study up on the map before we set out.　我们出发前应该好好研究一下地图。
　I'll get a little closer, and study up on him.　我要靠近一些，仔细看看他。
2. 为考试等而钻研 get up for an examination, etc.
　He's studying up now.　他现在正在为准备考试而用功。

 ♣ study, contemplate, consider, weigh
　参见contemplate条。
 ♣ study, learn
　参见learn条。

1. U 学习，学业，读书　 an act of studying one or more subjects
2. U 研究　 a thorough enquiry into a particular subject, especially including a piece of writing on it
3. C 书房　 a room used for learning

　begin one's ～　开始学习
　carry on one's ～　进行学习
　complete ～　完成学业
　conduct a ～ of　进行…的研究
　continue one's ～　继续学习
　deserve further ～　需要进一步研究
　devote oneself to the ～　致力于研究
　do a ～　进行研究
　drop one's medical ～　放弃学医
　engage in ～　从事研究
　finish one's ～　完成学业
　focus one's ～ on　集中精力研究…
　further the ～ of　进一步研究…
　give up one's ～　放弃研究〔学业〕
　make a ～ of　研究…
　neglect one's ～　忽视研究
　promote the ～ of　促进…的研究
　prosecute further ～　从事进一步研究，深造
　receive ～　得到研究
　require ～　需要研究
　stimulate the ～ of　促进对…的研究
　take up a ～　开始研究〔学习〕
　undertake a ～ of　对…进行研究
　advanced ～　高级的研究
　analytical ～　分析性研究
　candid ～　公正的研究
　careful ～　细心的研究
　classical ～　古代文化的研究
　comparative ～　比较性研究
　complicated ～　复杂的研究
　comprehensive ～　全面的研究
　curious ～　好奇的审视
　daily ～　每日的学习
　daring ～　大胆的研究
　deep ～　深入研究〔学习〕
　diligent ～　勤奋学习
　delightful ～　愉快学习
　desperate ～　拼命的学习
　detailed ～　详细的研究
　economic ～　经济研究
　extensive ～　广泛的调查
　fossil ～　化石研究
　further ～　进一步研究，深造
　graduate ～　研究生学习
　historical ～　历史研究
　immediate ～　直接的调查
　independent ～　独立学习
　intensive ～　精深的调查
　intimate ～　私人调查
　judicial ～　司法研究
　mathematical ～　数学研究
　modern ～　近代研究
　passionate ～　热情的学习
　patient ～　耐心的研究
　philosophical ～　哲学上的研究
　practical ～　实际调查
　proper ～　适当的调查
　rational ～　合理的调查
　rigorous ～　严密的研究
　scientific ～　科学的研究
　special ～　专门研究
　systematic ～　系统的研究
　time-and-motion ～　操作和工时的研究
　case ～　个案研究，案例研究
　feasibility ～　可行性研究
　language ～　语言研究
　nature ～　（小学课程中的）自然课
　word ～　词的研究
　after ～　学习以后
　at one's ～　从事学习
　by hard ～　通过刻苦学习
　in a brown ～　在沉思中
　under ～　在研究中
　works under ～　研究中的作品
　～ for an artist　艺术家应研究的问题
　～ in the evolution of man　对人类进化的研究
　～ of classical literature　古典文学研究
　～ of this phenomenon　对这种现象进行研究

　My brother is fond of study.　我兄弟喜欢学习。
　He went out after an hour's study.　他学习了一小时后才出去的。
　His enthusiasm for study struck his teacher favorably.　他勤奋学习的热情给老师留下了良好的印象。
　The teacher told the class to settle down and begin their study.　老师要求学生安静下来开始学习。
　Facts show that correct study methods are very important.　事实证明，正确的学习方法是十分重要的。
　There are no rooms specifically set aside for quiet study.　没有专门安排供安静学习之用的房间。
　I shall not end my studies when I leave school.　我离校后不会停止学习。
　At last he persuaded his father to allow him to begin his studies at Harvard.　他终于说服父亲允许他在哈佛大学就读。
　He made great progress in his studies.　他在学业上取得了很大的进步。
　How are your medical studies progressing?　你的医学学业进展如何?
　She was returning from her music studies in Vienna.　她即将结束在维也纳的音乐深造归来。
　The matter is under study.　此事正在研究之中。
　My studies will bear good fruit.　我的研究会结出丰硕成果。
　His studies covered a wide field.　他的研究涉及的范围很广。
　He followed up his linguistic studies till he died.　他毕生孜孜不倦地从事语言学研究。
　During his imprisonment of three years he applied himself to serious studies.　在3年监禁期间，他致力于认真的研究。
　He made a study of Shakespeare's plays.　他研究莎士比亚戏剧。
　He made a study of economics.　他研究经济学。
　Professor White makes a special study of English.　怀特教授专门研究英语。
　The city prepared a study on the slum problem.　该市编写了一份关于贫民窟问题的报告。
　The committee made a thorough study of the causes of civil disorders.　委员会彻底调查了平民骚乱的原因。
　The government has ordered a feasibility study in connection with the proposed new airport.　政府已命令对提议建造的新机场进行可行性研究。
　I read your study of farming with interest.　我饶有兴趣地阅读了你的关于耕作的论文。
　Biology is the study of living things.　生物学是研究生物的学科。
　She took up the study of Latin with him.　她跟他学习拉丁文。
　He was busy in his study.　他在书房里用功。
　You will find him in his study.　你可以在他书房里找到他。
　The old man sat reading in his study.　那位老人坐在书房里看书。
　The Chinese pictures hang now in my study.　那些中国画现挂在我的书房里。
　Show the guest into the study.　请把客人带到书房里去。
　He is a study in contradictions.　他是个颇有争议的人。
　The guest is vigorous while the host is a study in poor health.　客人精力充沛，而主人健康不佳，这一点引起人们的关注。

 ♣ in a brown study
　沉思，默想，出神　in deep thought; in a reverie
　I didn't speak to him as he seemed to be in a brown study.　我没有跟他说话，因为他好像在沉思。

1. 他正在澳大利亚求学。
　［误］ He is pursuing his studying in Australia.
　［正］ He is pursuing his studies in Australia.
　［析］ 表示“求学”，应该说 pursue one's studies，其中 study通常要用复数形式。
2. 我们应该向雷锋同志学习。
　［误］ We should study from Comrade Lei Feng.
　［正］ We should learn from Comrade Lei Feng.
　［析］ study和learn都可以表示“学习”， study含有“研究”的意思， learn指模仿性地学习。
3. 他正在研究古代历史。
　［误］ He is doing a study of ancient history.
　［正］ He is making a study of ancient history.
　［析］ 表示“研究”或“观察”往往用 make a study of结构，这里动词 make不能用 do代替。
4. 他们正在约翰逊教授的指导下研究物理。
　［误］ They are studying Physics from Professor Johnson.
　［正］ They are studying Physics under Professor Johnson.
　［析］ 表示“在某人指导下研究、工作等”，可用study sth under sb结构。

　［同义词］ v. consider, contemplate, weigh, exam, inspect, investigate n. attention, examination, research
　［词源］　古法语estudie<拉丁语studium（研究，学习）