vt. & vi.投；掷；扔；抛 cause to fly through the air by a jerk of the arm

　～ a bomb　扔一颗炸弹
　～ a bone　扔根骨头
　～ a bridge　架起一座桥
　～ a bullet　发射子弹
　～ a dance　开舞会
　～ a foal　产下一只小马
　～ a furious look　投以愤怒的目光
　～ a good opportunity　失去了一个好机会
　～ a microphone　赠送一只麦克风
　～ a monkey wrench　破坏
　～ a party　开联欢会
　～ a punch　出拳
　～ a vote　投票
　～ cold water　泼冷水
　～ its skin　蜕皮
　～ its slough　蜕皮
　～ one's girlfriend　抛弃了女朋友
　～ some coins　丢去几个硬币
　～ the ball　扔球
　～ the book　扔本书
　～ the boy　把小孩摔倒
　～ the discus　掷铁饼
　～ the grenades　投出手榴弹
　～ the hook　脱钩
　～ the manuscript　扔手稿
　～ the opponent　摔倒对手
　～ the stone　掷石头
　～ the tools　扔工具
　～ waste paper　扔废纸
　～ well　投掷得很好
　～ adroitly　熟练地投掷
　～ angrily　愤怒地投射
　～ ardently　积极地施加
　～ blindly　盲目地狂欢
　～ bravely　勇敢地摆脱
　～ briskly　轻松地投掷
　～ carelessly　粗心地投掷
　～ casually　漫无目的地投掷
　～ completely　彻底地难住
　～ conclusively　最后地投掷
　～ confidentially　秘密地投掷
　～ conscientiously　诚心诚意地投掷
　～ curiously　不寻常地投掷
　～ dangerously　危险地投掷
　～ dejectedly　沮丧地投掷
　～ desperately　不顾一切地投掷
　～ dispassionately　不带偏见地投掷
　～ eagerly　急切地投掷
　～ formidably　望而生畏地投掷
　～ furiously　愤怒地投掷
　～ grotesquely　可笑地投掷
　～ heartily　由衷地投掷
　～ heartlessly　无意地投掷
　～ horizontally　水平地投掷
　～ hurriedly　仓促地投掷
　～ impartially　不偏不倚地投掷
　～ impressively　大胆地投掷
　～ inconceivably　难以置信地投掷
　～ inexhaustibly　大量地投掷
　～ insistently　引人注意地投掷
　～ listlessly　无精打采地投掷
　～ methodically　有条理地投掷
　～ promptly　适当地投掷
　～ purposely　有目的地投掷
　～ quickly　迅速投掷
　～ readily　做好准备投掷
　～ recklessly　轻率地投掷
　～ satisfactorily　满意地投掷
　～ significantly　意味深长地投掷
　～ simultaneously　同一时间投掷
　～ skeptically　心存怀疑地投掷
　～ skillfully　技术高超地投掷
　～ spectacularly　特殊地投掷
　～ spontaneously　自然地投掷
　～ successively　连续投掷
　～ systematically　系统地投掷
　～ unconsciously　不知不觉地投掷
　～ uneasily　不易投掷
　～ unhesitatingly　毫不犹豫地投掷
　～ unkindly　非善意地投掷
　～ violently　强有力地投掷
　～ money about　挥金如土
　～ weight around　滥用权势
　～ aside　把…摔在一边
　～ effort away　努力白费了
　～ invading troops back　打退入侵的军队
　～ clothes off　把衣服脱下
　～ clothes on　把衣服穿上
　～ against the wall　扑在墙上
　～ by a horse　从马上摔下来
　～ sth into the river　把…扔进河里
　～ into water　跳进水里
　～ into work　投入工作
　～ sb off balance　使某人摔倒，使某人心慌
　～ on the enemy　向敌人猛扑
　～ sth over a fence　把…扔过篱笆
　～ to another boy　扔给另一个男孩
　～ to the ground　躺倒在地上
　～ under the car　卧倒在汽车下

　You throw, and I'll catch.　你投，我来接。
　He throws well.　他掷得很远。
　He can throw a hundred yards.　他能投100码远。
　Don't throw stones.　不要扔石子。
　He threw his last four grenades.　他投出了最后的四颗手榴弹。
　A cannon throws shells.　一门大炮能发射炮弹。
　The fire engine throws a long stream of water.　消防车喷出长长的水柱。
　The wrestler threw his opponent.　那个摔跤手把对手摔倒了。
　The horse threw the rider.　马把骑马人摔下来。
　I am not going to let the setback throw me.　我不会因这一挫折而一蹶不振。
　A cicada throws its slough.　蝉是要蜕皮的。
　A snake throws its skin.　蛇蜕皮。
　The mare has just thrown a foal in the stable.　那匹母马刚刚在马厩里产下了一只小马驹。
　His strange behaviour had greatly thrown her.　他的奇怪举动使她大惑不解。
　The examination question threw me and I couldn't answer it.　试题把我难住了，我没答出来。
　This problem is hard enough to throw the teacher.　这道题足以把老师难住。
　The road signs threw the driver.　各种路牌把司机弄糊涂了。
　The news of her death really threw me.　她去世的消息使我感到惊讶。
　Star basketball players have accepted bribes to throw games.　明星篮球队员接受贿赂要故意输掉比赛。
　He almost threw a fit when he saw the bill.　他看到那账单时几乎大吃一惊。
　He hoped to see the plan fail and looked for a chance to throw a monkey wrench into the machinery.　他希望看到计划失败，寻找机会破坏机器。
　Just because you can't do what you want there's no need to throw a wobbly.　只是因为你不能随心所欲，也没有必要发脾气。
　He threw me the ball.　他把球扔给我。
　Throw the poor dog a bone.　扔根骨头给那条可怜的狗。
　The crowd threw the criminal a furious look.　人群向犯罪分子投以愤怒的目光。
　He threw me a curve about the hiring.　他说了关于解雇的事真让我吃惊。
　He was thrown a book.　有人扔给他一本书。
　He threw some coins to the beggar.　他向乞丐丢去了几个硬币。
　The woman threw grain to the chicken.　那妇女撒谷子给鸡吃。
　He threw the door open and walked in.　他猛地把门打开，走了进去。
　The castle was thrown open two days a week.　该城堡每周有两天对公众开放。
　The competition was thrown open to the public.　这项比赛公开举行了。

 ♣ throw about　(v.+adv.)
1. 乱扔（东西） cause sth to fly through the air by a jerk of the arm
　Don't throw waste paper about in the park.　不要在公园里乱扔废纸。
2. 〈口〉盛气凌人，骄横跋扈 be domineering (using one's authority or power)
　I'm tired of him throwing his weight about, who does he think he is anyway?　我讨厌他盛气凌人，他又有什么了不起呢?
 ♣ throw aside　(v.+adv.)
　把…扔在一旁　cause to pitch aside
　The boy jumped up and threw aside his cap.　那男孩跳了起来，把帽子扔到一边。
　He threw aside all good proposals.　他拒绝了所有好的建议。
 ♣ throw at　(v.+prep.)
　投向，掷向　 cast sth at sb/sth
　He threw a fierce look at me, so I wondered what I had done wrong.　他向我投来严厉的目光，我纳闷我到底干了什么错事。
　Make sure that you behave very correctly towards the officer, or he's likely to throw the book at you for disobedience.　跟军官打交道你务必要循规蹈矩，否则他很可能指责你不服从命令。
　No politician will win the votes of serious-minded people if all he does is throwing mud at his opponent.　如果一位政治家只会毁谤其政敌，那他就不会得到认真持重的人们的选票。
　John is very attractive and I understand why you've fallen in love for him, but there's no need to throw yourself at him.　约翰是很有吸引力的，因此我明白你为什么爱上他，不过你没有必要拼命讨好他。
 ♣ throw away　(v.+adv.)
1. 扔掉 get rid of; discard
　When my clothes are worn out, I generally throw them away.　我穿坏的衣服一般都扔掉。
　Don't throw those magazines away. I haven't read them yet.　别把那些杂志扔掉，我还没看呢。
2. 浪费；错过 waste; fail to take advantage of
　Never throw away a chance to improve your English.　千万不要错过任何提高你英文水平的机会。
　If you leave now, you will be throwing away your education.　如果你现在离开，你会荒废你的学业。
　Don't throw away your savings on shares that will be worthless in a few years.　别把你的积蓄浪费在几年后就不值一文的股票上去。
　You have a good lead in the tennis game; don't throw it away by being careless.　在网球比赛中你遥遥领先，不要因为疏忽而失去优势。
　All his efforts were thrown away.　他的努力都白费了。
　My advice was thrown away on him.　我的劝告对他一点也起不了作用。
 ♣ throw back　(v.+adv.)
1. 掷回，丢回 return with a sharp movement of the arm or wrist; turn or move back
　A spectator threw the ball back to the players.　一个观众把球掷回给球员。
2. 推迟，阻止 delay the progress
　The cold he caught threw back his recovery from rheumatism.　感冒拖延了他风湿病痊愈的时间。
3. 迫使某人依靠某事物 force sb to rely on sth
　The shortage of gas has thrown us back on the use of bicycles.　由于汽油短缺，我们只好再用自行车作交通工具。
　Her friends had deserted her, and she was thrown back on her own resources.　她的朋友们都抛弃了她，因此她只得依靠自己了。
 ♣ throw by　(v.+prep.)
　把…扔在一旁　cause to pitch aside
　Maybe she'll be thrown by like a scrap of paper.　她或许会像一张纸片一样被抛弃。
　Spears are thrown by hand.　矛是用手掷的。
 ♣ throw down　(v.+adv.)
1. 扔下，使倒下 cast to the ground or to a lower level; cause to fall
　The auto workers threw down their tools and walked out.　汽车工人扔下工具，举行罢工。
　He threw himself down in the bed and fell asleep.　他一头栽在床上就睡着了。
2. 推翻；摧毁 destroy; overthrow
　They plotted to throw down the government.　他们密谋推翻政府。
　The city was thrown down during the siege.　在围城过程中，这座城市被摧毁了。
　The reactionary regime was thrown down by an armed uprising.　那个反动政权被一次武装起义推翻了。
3. 抛弃，拒绝 cast off; reject
　He threw his girlfriend down.　他抛弃了他的女朋友。
　He has thrown down a good offer.　他拒绝了一个很好的提议。
 ♣ throw dust in sb's eyes　
　欺骗　deceive
　I now see through him. He threw dust in my eyes, so I'll never believe him.　我现在看透他了，他曾经欺骗我，我永远也不相信他了。
 ♣ throw in¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 添上，附带奉送 include sth extra
　If you buy a television set, the store will throw in a microphone.　如果你买一台电视机，商店会赠送一只麦克风。
　If you're set on buying the house, we'll throw in the carpets and curtains at no extra cost.　如果你决定买房子，我们将免费赠送地毯和窗帘。
2. 把…插入讨论、计划等 bring into a discussion, a plan, etc. as an addition
　The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.　那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
　She threw in that she must resign.　她插嘴说她必须辞职。
 ♣ throw in²　(v.+prep.)
1. 把…扔进… cast sth in sth
　At 10 somebody threw a bomb in a street there.　十点钟有人在那里一条街上扔了一颗炸弹。
　After reading the letter, he threw it in the waste-paper basket.　他看了信之后，把它扔进了废纸篓。
2. 认输 admit defeat or loss
　After taking a beating for five rounds, the boxer threw in the towel.　在五个回合中挨打之后，这位拳击手认输了。
 ♣ throw into　(v.+prep.)
　把…扔进…；投身于　work busily at
　The girl threw a stone into the well.　女孩往井里投下一块石头。
　Despite the difficulties he threw himself into the research.　尽管困难重重，他还是全心投入了调查研究。
　The enemy threw 200,000 men into his Yanan assault.　敌人投入二十万人进攻延安。
　Far from retreating, he threw all his time and energy into secret revolutionary work.　他不仅丝毫没有后退，而且把全部时间和精力都投入了秘密革命工作。
　This threw the reactionary police into utter panic.　这使反动警察极为惊恐。
　The first waterfall they passed threw her into ecstasy.　他们经过的第一道瀑布使她高兴极了。
　Anyone who refused to bow before Gessler was thrown into prison.　凡是拒绝在盖斯勒面前鞠躬的人都被投进监狱。
　The meeting was thrown into disorder.　会议顿时陷入混乱之中。
　Their regiment was thrown into action at once.　他们团立即投入战斗。
　The country was thrown into a state of anarchy.　这国家那时一下子陷入无政府状态。
 ♣ throw off　(v.+adv.)
1. 迅速脱掉 take off in a quick movement
　He threw off his clothes and plunged into the icy water.　他迅速脱掉衣服，跳进冰冷的水里。
2. 摆脱 get rid of; free oneself from
　The patient began to recover and throw off the effects of his illness.　病人开始恢复健康，摆脱病魔的纠缠。
　He tried to throw off the weight of grief caused by the death of his son.　他试图摆脱儿子去世所引起的巨大悲伤。
　They couldn't throw off their pursuers.　他们没法甩掉追踪者。
　He resolved to make a fresh start, and throw off undesirable acquaintances.　他下决心重新开始，和那些狐朋狗友们一刀两断。
 ♣ throw on　(v.+prep.)
1. 投射（光线，阴影）在…上 cast shadow on sth
　The trees throw a shadow on the grass.　树木在草地上投下了阴影。
2. 在…上泼冷水 try to discourage sb
　Don't throw cold water on them.　不要向他们泼冷水。
　Most people thought little of his suggestion and threw cold water on him.　大多数人看不起他的建议，给他泼凉水。
　He wasn't discouraged when they threw cold water on his ideas.　他们对他的想法浇冷水时，他并不泄气。
3. 使…（对…)产生怀疑 raise suspicion on sth/sb
　In doing so, he had thrown doubt on some people's religious beliefs.　他这样做，使人们对某些人的宗教信仰产生了怀疑。
4. 提供…的线索，使清楚起来 give information; make clear
　This information throws light on the mystery of the President's death.　这消息给弄清总统神秘之死提供了线索。
　But there was nothing to throw light on the connection between the two men.　但没有什么东西使人了解这两人之间的关系。
　It threw light on the mentality of his former friend.　它使他对他故友的思想有了一些了解。
　These findings are very valuable for they throw much light on the history of textile art.　这些发现很有价值，因为它们对纺织工业发展史提供了资料。
　Your investigation has thrown light on this question.　你们的调查使得这个问题清楚了。
　The scientist's experiments have thrown great light on the amazing ways honeybees communicate in their dark hives.　这位科学家的实验很清楚地表明了在黑暗的蜂房里，蜜蜂是怎样以很巧妙的方式传递信息的。
　Illustrations throw light on the text.　图解是帮助说明正文的。
5. 穿上 put on
　He threw on his gown.　他穿上他的礼服。
 ♣ throw out　(v.+adv.)
1. 拒绝；否决 refuse to accept; dismiss
　The suggestion was made at the conference, but they threw it out.　这个建议在会上提出来了，但他们不予考虑。
　Our proposal was not really thrown out; it is still under consideration.　我们的提议还在考虑中，没有真正被否决。
2. 提出（暗示、建议等） put forth or offer as a hint or suggestion
　He threw out a hint regarding bonuses at the end of the year.　他暗示了有关年终奖金的事。
　Several suggestions for possible examination questions were thrown out by the teacher.　老师就哪些问题可能作为试题作了几点提示。
 ♣ throw over 　(v.+adv.)
　放弃，背弃　abandon; give up
　They felt inclined to throw the whole thing over.　他们倾向于放弃整个打算。
　He thought it wasn't right to throw people over.　他认为背弃别人是不对的。
 ♣ throw to　(v.+prep.)
　摔倒在地　pitch sb/sth to sth
　Why did you throw the boy to the ground?　你为什么要把那小孩摔倒在地呢?
　He seized the man and threw him to the ground.　他抓住那人，把他摔倒在地。
 ♣ throw together　(v.+adv.)
　仓促地集成；集拢；集合　assemble hastily; bring together
　That conference has thrown them together again.　那次会议使他们又相聚在一起。
　Chance threw us together at a party.　一个偶然的机会使我们在一个聚会上相遇。
　I'm glad you liked the meal—it was just something I threw together at the last minute.　你喜欢这顿饭我很高兴——这顿饭是我在最后时刻匆匆拼凑而成的。
　She made supper from leftovers she had thrown together.　她用吃剩的食物拼凑成一顿晚饭。
　That last textbook of his seems to have been thrown together.　他写的最后一部教科书似乎是仓促间编成的。
　They were thrown together by a common interest.　共同的兴趣使他们走到了一起。
 ♣ throw up　(v.+adv.)
1. 把…向上抛〔推，举〕 cause to rise into the air
　Come to the bottom of the ladder and throw up the other brush, will you? 　到梯子底下把另一把刷子扔上来好吗?
　The passing car threw up a cloud of white soot.　开过去的汽车掀起一阵白色的烟尘。
　The machine threw up great heaps of earth.　那机器铲起一大堆一大堆的土。
　The baby loved being thrown up into the air and safely caught again.　这个婴儿喜欢被抛起来再被稳稳地接住。
　His mother threw up her hands in despair when the boy failed yet another examination.　那孩子再次考试仍不及格，他母亲完全失望了。
　That's the last time I'm trying; I throw up my hands!　那是我最后一次尝试；我彻底认输了！
　She entered the room, then threw up her hands in horror at the terrible sight that met her eyes.　她走进房间，看见那可怕的情景，吓得毛骨悚然。
2. 呕吐 vomit
　He got terribly drunk and was throwing up for most of the night.　他喝得烂醉，呕吐了大半夜。
　Mike got sick and threw up everything he had eaten.　迈克恶心，把吃的东西全部吐了出来。
　He took the medicine but threw it up almost immediately afterwards.　他把药吃了下去，但几乎立刻又吐出来了。
3. 放弃 give up; abandon
　John threw up his job to go to Africa as a missionary.　为了去非洲当传教士，约翰辞去了他的工作。
　She threw up a promising career as a model to get married.　为了结婚，她放弃了很有前途的模特职业。
　A career such as that is not one that should be thrown up without serious thought.　这种职业不是那种可以不经慎重考虑就放弃掉的职业。
　Rod has decided to throw up playing squash because he's getting too old for it.　罗德决定不再玩壁球，因为玩这个他年纪太大了。
4. 匆匆建造（某物） build sth quickly
　Let's use this wood to throw up a shelter for the night.　咱们用这木头赶快搭个棚过夜吧。
　The builders threw up some temporary huts for the victims of the earthquake.　建筑工人们为地震灾民建成了一些临时住的棚屋。
5. 产生（人才）；提出（主意） produce a famous person; offer an idea
　The conference has thrown up a number of interesting problems.　会议提出了不少令人感兴趣的问题。
　Our country has thrown up a number of great writers.　我们国家出了许多大作家。
　He threw up several ideas on the construction of the dam.　他为水坝的建造出了一些主意。
6. 浪费，荒废 waste; fail to take advantage of
　You shouldn't throw up a chance like that!　像那样的机会你真不该错过！
　Don't throw up your education by leaving now.　别现在就离开，荒废了你的学业。

 ♣ throw sth to sb, throw sth at sb
　二者区别在于：前者是“把某物扔给某人”，含有让某人接住某物的意味，是善意的；而后者的意思是“把某物向某人扔去”，含有寻衅的意味，是恶意的。试比较：
　
 ♣ throw oneself into, throw oneself on
　这两个短语的意思不同：前者作“奋力投入”解；而后者作“委身于”“任人摆布”解。例如：
　All the students have thrown themselves into the campaign to learn from Lei Feng.　全体同学都投入到学雷锋运动中。
　Take your destiny into your own hands, and never throw yourself on the mercy of others.　要自己掌握自己的命运，绝不能听他人摆布。
 ♣ throw up, blame for
　二者均含有“因坏事而责备某人”的意思， throw up常用于美式英语中，而blame for常用于英式英语中。
 ♣ throw, cast, fling, hurl, pitch, toss
　参见cast条。

　那陌生人朝狗扔石头。
　［误］ The stranger threw stones to the dog.
　［正］ The stranger threw stones at the dog.
　说着这些话，猴子便将那块大石头朝鳄鱼扔去。
　［误］ With these words, the monkey threw that big stone to the crocodile.
　［正］ With these words, the monkey threw that big stone at the crocodile.
　小孩丢豆子给鸽子吃。
　［误］ The children threw some peas at the pigeon.
　［正］ The children threw some peas to the pigeon.
　［析］ throw sth at sb/sth的意思是“把某物向某人扔去”，含有寻衅的意味，是恶意的。表示“给饵料”要用throw...to.

1. C 投，掷，抛　 acting of throwing
2. C 投掷的距离　 distance to which sth is or may be thrown

　throw　用作名词时，基本意思是“投，掷，抛”，引申可指“投掷的距离”，是可数名词。

　He made a nice throw.　他掷得好。
　There was a good throw!　掷得真棒！
　He was the first place in the discus throw.　他掷铁饼获得第一名。
　They live about a stone's throw from my father's.　他们住的地方离我父亲的家没有多远。
　The stronger wrestler won the first throw.　较壮的那个摔跤手第一跤就赢了。
　She achieved a throw of sixty metres in the javelin event.　在掷标枪项目中，她掷了60米远。

　［同义词］ v. cast, fling, hurl, pitch, toss n. attempt, cast, chance, lob, try
　［词源］　古英语thrawan（投）