1. vt. & vi.攻击，进攻　 use violence on, especially with weapons
2. vt. & vi.抨击　 speak or write strongly against
3. vt.着手；从事　 begin with eagerness
4. vt.侵袭；伤害　 harm, spoil, trouble, damage, especially by a continuing action

　～ a town　突袭城镇
　～ the enemy　攻击敌人
　～ the foremost position　攻击前沿阵地
　～ the government's policy　攻击政府的政策
　～ a person　攻击人
　～ the Presidential Palace　攻击总统府
　～ problem　解决问题
　～ sb's proposal　攻击…建议
　～ anonymously　不具名地抨击
　～ ardently　强烈地抨击
　～ artfully　狡猾地攻击
　～ barbarously　无礼地抨击
　～ bitterly　攻击到底
　～ blasphemously　带有亵渎意味地攻击
　～ blindly　盲目地攻击
　～ boldly　大胆地攻击
　～ bravely　勇敢地攻击
　～ casually　随意地攻击
　～ characteristically　具有特色地攻击
　～ consciously　有意识地攻击
　～ criminally　错误地攻击
　～ curtly　轻率地攻击
　～ decisively　决定性地攻击
　～ despairingly　绝望地攻击
　～ determinedly　坚决地攻击
　～ diplomatically　机敏地攻击
　～ doubtfully　难以预料地攻击
　～ dramatically　戏剧性地攻击
　～ energetically　充满活力地攻击
　～ eventually　最终攻击
　～ extensively　大规模地攻击
　～ fiercely　猛烈地攻击
　～ furiously　猛烈地攻击
　～ harshly　严厉地攻击
　～ hurriedly　仓促地攻击
　～ immediately　立即攻击
　～ impetuously　急躁地攻击
　～ incautiously　轻易地攻击
　～ incessantly　持续不断地攻击
　～ infrequently　罕见地攻击
　～ insidiously　不知不觉地攻击
　～ intelligently　聪明地攻击
　～ madly　疯狂地攻击
　～ mockingly　愚蠢地攻击
　～ murderously　致命地攻击
　～ obliquely　间接性地攻击
　～ passively　消极攻击
　～ personally　人身攻击
　～ prematurely　过早地攻击
　～ probably　适当地攻击
　～ quickly　迅速攻击
　～ rapidly　迅速攻击
　～ recklessly　轻率地攻击
　～ regretfully　遗憾地攻击
　～ reluctantly　不情愿地攻击
　～ reasonably　明智地攻击
　～ restlessly　不停地攻击
　～ ridiculously　荒唐可笑地抨击
　～ ruthlessly　无情地攻击
　～ satirically　讽刺性地攻击
　～ satisfactorily　满意地攻击
　～ savagely　野蛮地攻击
　～ scathingly　不留情地抨击
　～ scurrilously　以下流方式攻击
　～ shamelessly　无耻地攻击
　～ sharply　尖刻地攻击
　～ shortly　立即攻击
　～ simultaneously　同一时间地攻击
　～ skeptically　心存怀疑地攻击
　～ sorely　使人伤心地攻击
　～ successfully　成功地攻击
　～ treacherously　背信弃义地攻击
　～ unbelievably　不可思议地攻击
　～ unexpectedly　意外地攻击
　～ unscrupulously　肆无忌惮地攻击
　～ unwisely　不明智地攻击
　～ vehemently　激烈地攻击
　～ verbally　口头地攻击
　～ viciously　恶意地攻击
　～ vigorously　精力充沛地抨击
　～ virulently　恶毒地抨击
　～ against　对…的进攻
　～ sb/sth by surprise　突然袭击（某人〔某物〕)
　～ sb/sth by words　用语言抨击
　～ from the sky　空袭
　～ in the darkness　夜袭
　～ of fever　发高烧
　～ of influenza　感冒
　～ on　对…的进攻
　～ with a disease　受疾病侵扰

　They knew when to attack and when to retreat.　他们知道什么时候进攻和什么时候撤退。
　They were attacking just as hard as before.　他们进攻得还是像以前那样猛烈。
　Make a feint to the east but attack in the west.　声东击西。
　The enemy attacked us at night.　敌人在夜间袭击了我们。
　The cat attacked the mouse.　猫扑向老鼠。
　The birds often attack other birds.　这种鸟经常攻击其他的鸟。
　The enemy planes attacked our city.　敌机袭击了我们的城市。
　The demonstrators attacked the Presidential Palace.　示威群众袭击了总统府。
　The enemy attacked our foremost positions all night.　整整一夜敌人攻打了我们的前沿阵地。
　He attacked me with a knife.　他用刀向我刺来。
　We attacked the enemy in the rear.　我们从敌人的背后袭击。
　Germany attacked Belgium in 1914.　德国于1914年进攻比利时。
　The newspapers attacked the Prime Minister because of the new law.　由于这项新法令的颁布，各报纸纷纷对首相进行抨击。
　Most of Members of Parliament made powerful speeches to attack the Prime Minister's proposals.　大部分国会议员发表强烈演说来抨击首相的提议。
　They fiercely attacked the policies of the Labour Government.　他们猛烈攻击工党政府的政策。
　The senator attacked the press for misleading the public.　这位参议员抨击新闻界对公众的错误导向。
　The disease attacked his bones.　疾病侵袭他的骨骼。
　What attacks the body attacks the heart.　大凡病害侵犯人体，必然侵犯到心脏。
　The disease attacked the crops.　病害侵袭了农作物。
　We have to attack the budget deficit and other economic problems.　我们要着手解决预算赤字及其他经济问题。
　He attacked the difficulties at once.　他立刻着手解决问题。
　He attacked the problem realistically.　他从实际出发解决问题。
　Our surgeons attacked the problems boldly.　我们的外科医生大胆地探索着解决这些问题。
　If we are attacked, we will defend ourselves.　要是我们受到进攻，我们就实行自卫。
　He was personally attacked by an ignorant mob.　他受到一无名暴徒的人身攻击。
　He was harshly attacked by critics.　他受到批评家们的严厉批评。
　Such problems were best attacked by using graphs.　这样一些问题最好用图表来解答。
　860,000 mu of rice were attacked by locusts. 　860,000亩稻田遭到了蝗灾。
　He was attacked with disease.　他患病了。
　He has been attacked with dysentery for three days.　他患痢疾已经三天了。

 ♣ attack, assault, beset, charge
　这组词都有“攻击”的意思。其区别是：
1. attack是表示“攻击”的普通用语，通常用于事前无警告甚至是无理由的攻击。例如：
　The army attacked at night when the enemy was asleep.　在夜间敌人熟睡时军队发起了攻击。
　Hong Kong had been attacked by Japan at nearly the same moment as Pearl Harbour.　香港是差不多和珍珠港同时受到日本袭击的。
2. assault指在愤怒中以暴力突然袭击对方，攻打者和被攻打者彼此能接触到。例如：
　The minister was assaulted by a barrage of abuse from the angry strikers.　这位部长遭到愤怒的罢工者的一阵辱骂。
　She was too shaken after being assaulted to report the incident to the police.　她遭到强暴后失魂落魄，竟没有向警方报案。
3. charge主要指对一个固定目标进行的突然而猛烈地攻击，尤指骑兵的突击，常用于战斗或运动竞赛中。例如：
　The wounded lion suddenly charged at me.　受伤的狮子突然向我冲了过来。
　Our soldiers charged the enemy.　我们的士兵向敌人冲击。
　Our football players charged again and again.　我们的足球队员一次又一次地向对方球门进攻。
4. beset多指在思想上受到合围的攻击。例如：
　I was beset by doubts.　我疑虑重重。

1. attack用作及物动词时其后接被攻击的人或物作直接宾语，其后一般不再用against，即不说attack against a town. 诚然有attack against的说法，但并非指被攻击的人或物，而是指在不利的情况下进行攻击。例如：
　They were attacking against overwhelming odds.　他们是在强弱悬殊的情况下进行攻击的。
2. 现代英语中attack可作rape的委婉语，特别是自述时。例如：
　"What happened, child?""A — a man —attacked me," Sally said stammeringly.　“发生了什么事，孩子?”“一个——一个男人——强暴了我。”萨丽结结巴巴地说道。

1. C U 攻击，袭击　 violent attempt to defeat
2. C 抨击，辱骂　writing, word, or action directed forcefully against a person, plan, etc.
3. C （疾病）侵袭，发作　 a sudden bout of illness
4. U 开始的方式　 way of beginning

　blunt an ～　挫败进攻
　break up an ～　瓦解进攻
　carry out an ～　发动攻击
　come under ～　遭到抨击
　deliver an ～　发动攻击
　design an ～　拟定进攻计划
　initiate the ～　开始进攻
　launch an ～　发动攻击
　lead an ～　指挥攻击
　level an ～　进行攻击
　make an ～　发动攻击
　mount an ～　发动攻击
　press an ～　加紧进攻
　provoke an ～　挑起（敌方）进攻
　renew an ～　重新发起进攻
　repel an ～　打退进攻
　repulse an ～　击退进攻
　resist an ～　抵抗进攻，抵御攻击
　sneak an ～　偷袭
　spearhead an ～　当进攻的先锋
　have an ～ of　患有…病
　aerial ～　空袭
　all-out ～　全面攻击
　bitter ～　猛烈攻击
　blistering ～　狠狠抨击
　concerted ～　联合进攻
　coordinated ～　协调一致的进攻
　decisive ～　决定性攻击
　fatal ～　致命的攻击
　fierce ～　猛烈攻击
　flank ～　侧面攻击
　frontal ～　正面攻击
　full-scale ～　全面进攻
　hit-and-run ～　打了就跑的攻击
　general ～　总攻
　mock ～　模拟进攻
　nibbling ～　吞食进攻
　personal ～　人身攻击
　preemptive ～　先发制人的进攻
　savage ～　野蛮的攻击
　scathing ～　严厉的抨击
　scurrilous ～　谩骂攻击
　sharp ～　尖锐的抨击
　sudden ～　突然袭击
　swift and fierce ～　凌厉的攻势
　unprovoked ～　无缘无故的攻击
　vicious ～　恶毒的攻击
　vigorous ～　猛攻
　violent ～　猛烈的攻击
　virulent ～　恶毒的攻击
　wanton ～　肆无忌惮的攻击
　acute ～　急性发作
　feverish ～　发烧
　frequent ～　时常发作
　light ～　轻微的发作
　recurrent ～　再度发作
　slight ～　轻微的发作
　air ～　空袭
　blitz ～　闪电式袭击
　enemy ～　敌方的进攻
　flank ～　侧翼进攻
　guerrilla ～　游击队的进攻
　heart ～　心脏病发作
　insect ～　虫害袭击
　liver ～　肝病发作
　night ～　夜袭
　nuclear ～　核攻击
　surprise ～　奇袭
　torpedo ～　鱼雷袭击
　be on ～　采取攻势
　in ～　在攻击中
　under ～　遭到攻击
　～ against　对…的进攻
　～ against the business policy　对商业政策的猛烈抨击
　～ from the sky　空袭
　～ in the darkness　夜袭
　～ of asthma　气喘病
　～ of fever　发高烧
　～ of flu　流感
　～ of indigestion　消化不良症
　～ of influenza　感冒
　～ of malaria　疟疾
　～ of the blues　闷闷不乐
　～ on　对…的进攻
　～ on the problem　着手解决该问题

　Attack is said to be the best form of defence.　据说进攻是防御的最好方式。
　Their attack came at dawn.　他们在拂晓时开始进攻。
　The attack fizzled out.　这次进攻失败了。
　As we had expected, the attack succeeded.　正如我们所预料的那样，进攻成功了。
　The enemy attack took us by surprise.　敌人的进攻使我们感到意外。
　After the bombing attack, the city was in a state of chaos.　轰炸过后，城市陷入一片混乱。
　Our troops are now on the attack.　我们部队现在正在进攻敌人。
　They made a surprise attack and seized the port.　他们发动突然袭击，夺取了港口。
　She had her first heart attack the other day.　不久前她第一次心脏病发作。
　At the piano, his attack was full of life.　他开始弹钢琴时那股气势充满活力。

 ♣ attack against〔on〕　
　（向…)攻击，袭击；抨击　an act of violence intended to harm
　They delivered an attack against〔on〕 the enemy.　他们向敌人发动攻击。
　Our forces launched an all-out attack against the enemy.　我们部队向敌军发起全面进攻。
　We started an attack against〔on〕 the fort.　我们对要塞发动进攻。
　The police are launching a major attack against〔on〕 drug dealers.　警方正对毒品贩子发起一场大清扫。
　Security will be increased after yesterday's attack against〔on〕 the president's life.　昨天有人袭击总统，以后的安全保卫工作将要加强。
　His speech was a powerful and trenchant attack against〔on〕 apartheid.　他的演说是对种族隔离政策强有力的尖锐的抨击。
　They started an attack against each other with sharp words.　他们开始用激烈的语言相互抨击。
　He made a bitter attack on you in his speech.　他在讲话中痛骂了你。
　He made a sharp attack on the scheme.　他猛烈抨击这项计划。
　He made a scathing attack on the statement.　他对那声明进行了严厉的抨击。
 ♣ attack of　
　（被…)侵袭　a sudden and usually severe period of illness
　He was seized with a slight attack of fever.　他有点发烧。
　He had frequent attacks of malaria.　他常患疟疾。
　He was overcome by a sudden attack of shyness.　他突然变得害羞起来。
　He's recovering from an attack of flu.　他正从一次流行性感冒中康复过来。
　An attack of paralysis seized him.　他突然瘫痪了。
 ♣ under attack　
　遭到袭击；遭到抨击　an act to be assail
　His works came under vigorous attack in 2000.　他的作品在2000年遭到猛烈的抨击。
　The city came under attack during the night.　城市在夜间遭到袭击。

　［派生词］ attacker n.攻击者
　［同义词］ v. abuse, assail, assault, blame, charge, criticize, set upon, storm n. assault, charge, encounter, onslaught
　［反义词］ v. endorse, praise, retreat, withdraw n. retreat, withdrawal
　［词源］法语attaquer（攻击）